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3,004 terms

Photonics Dictionary

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quasi-Fourier transform

The transform defining that, if a reference beam is a divergent spherical wavefront, then the reconstructed image will be the equivalent of the near-field diffraction pattern of the object. Also...

rear focusing

A type of internal focusing in which only the lens elements closest to the rear of the lens barrel are moved.

reduced focal length

The ratio of the first focal length of a lens to the refractive index of the medium containing the incident light; the ratio of the second focal length to the refractive index of the medium...

reflectance confocal microscopy

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows for high-resolution, in vivo imaging of biological tissues at the cellular level. It is particularly useful in...

retrofocus lens

Also known as reversed telephoto lens. A lens consisting of an ordinary objective with a negative component near its front focal point. Thus, the back focus is large, relative to its focal length....

RFOG

resonant fiber optic gyroscope

SDFOV

simultaneous dual field of view

SELFOC fiber

Derived from "self-focusing,'' Nippon Sheet Glass Co. (NSG) of Japan's trade name for graded-index fiber rods with parabolic index profile, suitable for use as cylindrical microlenses.

SELFOC lens -> SELFOC fiber

Derived from "self-focusing,'' Nippon Sheet Glass Co. (NSG) of Japan's trade name for graded-index fiber rods with parabolic index profile, suitable for use as cylindrical microlenses.

semitransparent and p-phase annular aperture

An aperture consisting of a semitransparent central region whose amplitude transmittance only is varied, and the relative phase difference between the central and annular region is fixed as p -...

short-focus lens -> wide-angle lens

A wide-angle lens is a type of camera lens that has a shorter focal length than a standard or normal lens, allowing it to capture a broader field of view. Wide-angle lenses are characterized by their...

slicing and cutting machines - for crystals, quartz, glass, etc.

A crystal, glass, or quartz slicing and cutting machine is a specialized piece of equipment used in the manufacturing process to precisely cut and slice materials such as crystals, glass, and quartz...

soft-focus filter

A filter that creates spherical aberration resulting in an image with a soft outline.

soft-focus lens

A lens that exhibits spherical aberration when used at large aperture settings, and that forms an image with a slightly blurred outline.

splitting uniformity

When splitting the output of a single optical fiber into two or more fibers, the difference in the maximum loss between any two channels.

stabilizing platform

A platform mount used to hold sensitive optical instruments immobile.

television waveform

The graph of the oscillating variations composing the wave of a video signal.

temporal Fourier hologram

A technique used to suppress extreme noise amplification during digital image reconstruction that relies on smoothing and differentiation of the data by simplified least squared procedures.

two-dimensional Fourier transform

The Fourier series representation of a two-dimensional periodic field, assuming that the original image is periodic both horizontally and vertically.

uniform color space

A color space in which equal distances represent equal visually perceived color differences.

uniform diffuser -> perfect diffuser

A surface that obeys Lambert's cosine law and has a reflectance of unity.

uniform luminance area

In a cathode-ray tube, the region wherein a display on the tube keeps 70 percent or more of its luminance at the center of the viewing area.

uniformly redundant array

Array used in coded-aperture imaging experiments with two-beam CO2 lasers that provide an artifact-free process, faithful reproduction of the true image, and more photon collection than the pinhole...

UVFO

ultraviolet fiber optics

variable-focus condenser

An Abbe condenser in which the upper lens element is fixed. The lower lens may focus the illumination between the elements so that it emerges from the fixed lens as a large-diameter parallel bundle....

variable-focus lens

A lens assembly containing several movable elements to permit changing of the effective focal length (EFL). Unlike a zoom lens, a variable-focus lens may require refocusing with each change of EFL....

varifocal -> variable-focus lens

waveform analyzer

A device designed to measure the amplitude and frequency of the elements in a complex waveform.

waveform monitor

An oscilloscope used to survey the waveform of a video signal.

waveform

A waveform is a graphical representation of the shape and magnitude of a signal over time. It typically depicts how the amplitude (strength) of the signal changes over time, with time plotted along...

address

The code signifying the location of the information being sought on a CD-ROM.

bend -> deformation constant

Any of the constants that relate the tendency of the director to remain parallel to restoring torques throughout the media. The three constants of importance in liquid crystal displays are: splay --...

fiber optic guided missile

A weapon launched from a ground-based platform and controlled by a two-way fiber optic data link. The fiber is payed out from a bobbin in the back of the missile.

fiber optic gyroscope

A fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) is a type of gyroscope that uses the interference of light waves to detect changes in orientation or rotation. It operates based on the principle of the Sagnac effect,...

field of view

The field of view (FOV) refers to the extent of the observable world or the visible area that can be seen at any given moment through a device, such as an optical instrument, camera, or sensor. It is...

Förster resonance energy transfer

Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) is a mechanism describing the transfer of energy between two closely spaced fluorescent molecules. This phenomenon is named after the German scientist...

FRET

Förster resonance energy transfer

FTIR spectrometer

FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometer is a powerful analytical instrument used to obtain an infrared spectrum of absorption or emission of a solid, liquid, or gas sample. It operates based...

instantaneous field of view

Instantaneous field of view (iFOV) is a term commonly used in the context of remote sensing, imaging systems, and optical instruments. It refers to the specific portion of a scene that an optical...

inverted telephoto lens -> retrofocus lens

Also known as reversed telephoto lens. A lens consisting of an ordinary objective with a negative component near its front focal point. Thus, the back focus is large, relative to its focal length....

relative detector response

A plot showing how the response (ability to detect a signal) varies with wavelength. D(l).

reversed telephoto lens -> retrofocus lens

Also known as reversed telephoto lens. A lens consisting of an ordinary objective with a negative component near its front focal point. Thus, the back focus is large, relative to its focal length....

simultaneous dual field of view

A passive infrared system that uses two line-of-sight telescopes to generate both narrow and wide field-of-view images of the same target area, which can be presented on a single split screen or on...

splay -> deformation constant

twist -> deformation constant

ultraviolet fiber optics

Ultraviolet (UV) fiber optics refers to optical fibers that are designed and optimized for the transmission of ultraviolet light, which is electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths shorter than...

Van der Waals

Van der Waals forces refer to the attractive or repulsive forces between molecules (or parts of molecules) that arise from fluctuations in electron distribution. These forces are relatively weak...

2D profile sensor

A 2D profile sensor is a type of sensor used in various industrial and technological applications to measure and capture detailed information about the shape, contour, or profile of an object in two...

3D laser line profile sensor

A 3D profile sensor, also known as a 3D profiling sensor or 3D depth sensor, is a technology that is used to capture and measure the three-dimensional shape or profile of an object or a scene. These...

3D laser triangulation

3D Laser Triangulation - A technology that allows sensors to probe the surroundings. Laser triangulation systems have an ideal operating point, or the standoff distance, where its reflected spot is...

Photonics Dictionary