To replace photomultiplier tubes used for low-light detection in confocal microscopy, flow cytometry, high-energy physics, DNA sequencing, and lidar and environmental monitoring, Zecotek Photonics Inc. has unveiled the MAPD 3 micropixel avalanche photodiodes (APDs). The solid-state photodetectors produce the high gain typical of photomultiplier tubes of ∼10⁶ and operate on voltage of up to 100 V. Pulse rise time is ∼2 ns, dark noise is <1 MHz, and photon detection efficiency is 15% to 25%. Sensitive area measures 3 × 3 mm, and pixel density is >15,000 pixels per mm². The company says that the devices produce low jitter and high linearity.

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