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Research and Development of Left-Handed Materials Continues

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Left-handed materials — materials with a negative refractive index — continue to be a focus of investigators in pursuit of “superlenses” and other novel device designs.

Hank Hogan, Contributing Editor

Researchers are considering the optical equivalent of the Zen koan about the sound of one hand clapping. In optics, however, there’s a twist: It isn’t the use of two hands that is the norm. Typically, such widely used applications and components as photolithography and radio antennas have relied on the effect of only one electromagnetic hand clapping. In nature, there are only “right-handed” materials, which have a positive refractive index and for which the right-hand rule governs the direction of electric and magnetic fields with respect to the direction of propagation of an...Read full article

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    Published: October 2005
    Glossary
    photolithography
    Photolithography is a key process in the manufacturing of semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, and microelectromechanical systems (MEMS). It is a photomechanical process used to transfer geometric patterns from a photomask or reticle to a photosensitive chemical photoresist on a substrate, typically a silicon wafer. The basic steps of photolithography include: Cleaning the substrate: The substrate, often a silicon wafer, is cleaned to remove any contaminants from its surface. ...
    Basic ScienceelectromagneticFeaturesindustrialMaterialsphotolithographyradio antennas

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