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Q: What Did the Scientist Say to the LED? A: Don’t Be Square

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Conventional quadrangular (square) LEDs are less efficient than triangular ones.

Breck Hitz

A major issue with gallium-nitride LEDs is that, although they efficiently generate short-wavelength photons, the high refractive index of GaN (n = 2.5) traps much of the light inside the semiconductor chip as a result of total internal reflection. Scientists at many laboratories have addressed this problem, developing several techniques to reduce it. Texturing the LED surface, for example, has enhanced the optical output by as much as 100 percent in the vertical direction. Figure 1. Scientists fabricated GaN LEDs in the shape of a square (left) and a triangle (right). Each diode...Read full article

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    Published: February 2008
    gallium-nitride LEDshigh refractive indexLight SourcesphotonsResearch & TechnologyTech PulseLEDs

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