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Frozen Smoke in 3-D

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BERKELEY, Calif., August 1, 2008 – For the first time, scientists have discovered a way to perform high-resolution x-ray diffraction imaging of an aerogel. Sometimes referred to as “frozen smoke,” aerogels are solid nanoscale foams with a sponge-like structures that are riddled by nanoscale-sized pores. An efficient insulator, aerogels are surprisingly strong given their low density. Many porous materials are extraordinary for their properties as insulators, filters, and catalysts; they are used to produce clean fuels, to insulate windows and even clothing, to study the percolation of oil through rock, as drug-delivery...Read full article

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    Published: August 2008
    Glossary
    nano
    An SI prefix meaning one billionth (10-9). Nano can also be used to indicate the study of atoms, molecules and other structures and particles on the nanometer scale. Nano-optics (also referred to as nanophotonics), for example, is the study of how light and light-matter interactions behave on the nanometer scale. See nanophotonics.
    photonics
    The technology of generating and harnessing light and other forms of radiant energy whose quantum unit is the photon. The science includes light emission, transmission, deflection, amplification and detection by optical components and instruments, lasers and other light sources, fiber optics, electro-optical instrumentation, related hardware and electronics, and sophisticated systems. The range of applications of photonics extends from energy generation to detection to communications and...
    x-ray diffraction
    The bending of x-rays by the regular layers of molecules in a crystal acting like a very small diffraction grating. The diffraction pattern so obtained and recorded on film provides a means for analyzing the crystal structure.
    3-DaerogelALSanton bartyArgonne National LaboratoryArizona State UniversityBerkeleyBerkeley Labbiological cellsCCDcoherent scattering and diffraction microscopydavid shapiroDepartment of Energyenergyfrozen smokehigh resolution imaginglaboratory directed research and developmentLawrence Livermore National LaboratoryMicroscopynanonanofoamsnanoscalenanostructuresNational Science FoundationNews & FeaturesphotonicssaxsSensors & Detectorsstefano marchesinitantalum ethoxide aerogelthe University of California at DavisUniversity of Californiax-ray diffractionx-ray diffraction imaging

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