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Learning how neurons talk to each other

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Anne Fischer, [email protected]

In the past, scientists could study only one neuron at a time in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Now they can look at how tens of neurons in the roundworm interact with one another in vivo. This nematode, with a total of just 302 neurons, is a good model for studying how activity in the nervous system leads to specific behaviors. In a Harvard University study reported in the December 2009 issue of Nature Methods, a team led by Sharad Ramanathan, an assistant professor of molecular and cellular biology and applied physics, used genetically encoded light-based electrophysiology to...Read full article

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    Published: February 2010
    Glossary
    excitation
    1. The process by which an atom acquires energy sufficient to raise it to a quantum state higher than its ground state. 2. More specifically with respect to lasers, the process by which the material in the laser cavity is stimulated by light or other means, so that atoms are converted to a semistable state, initiating the lasing process.
    fluorescence
    Fluorescence is a type of luminescence, which is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other electromagnetic radiation. Specifically, fluorescence involves the absorption of light at one wavelength and the subsequent re-emission of light at a longer wavelength. The emitted light occurs almost instantaneously and ceases when the excitation light source is removed. Key characteristics of fluorescence include: Excitation and emission wavelengths: Fluorescent materials...
    Anne L. FischerarrayBiophotonicsBioScanCaenorhabditis eleganscalcium imagingcell ablationChameleonchannelrhodopsinsChR2circuitsdigital light processing mirror arraydissecting microscopeelectrophysiologyExcitationFiltersfluorescencefluorescentfocal planesG-CaMPgenetic analysisgenetically encoded calcium sensorshalorhodopsinHarvard UniversityImagingin vivointerneuronMicroscopymirror arraymirrorsmoleculesNature Methodsnematodeneural activityneuronsNewportNewsOpticspiezo Z-driveroundwormSensors & Detectorssensory neuronSharad Ramanathanspinning discUSB power meterVChR1vivo optical stimulationVolvox carteri channelrhodopsinwavelength filterX-Cite illuminatorZeiss DiscoveryLasers

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