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Integrating Spheres: Collecting and Uniformly Distributing Light

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The integrating sphere is a simple, yet often misunderstood, device for measuring optical radiation.

Greg McKee, Labsphere Inc.

An integrating sphere’s function is to spatially integrate radiant flux (light). However, before one can optimize a sphere design for a particular application, it is important to understand how an integrating sphere works. Integrating sphere theory originates in the principles of radiation exchange within an enclosure of diffuse surfaces. Although the general theory can be complex, it is easy to understand. The concept, simply put, is this: The radiation exchange between two areas on the integrating surfaces is independent of the viewing angle and the distance between the surface...Read full article

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    Glossary
    chromaticity
    The qualities of color associated with hue and saturation, but not brightness or lightness.
    light
    Electromagnetic radiation detectable by the eye, ranging in wavelength from about 400 to 750 nm. In photonic applications light can be considered to cover the nonvisible portion of the spectrum which includes the ultraviolet and the infrared.
    luminous flux
    Descriptive of the radiant power of visible light modified by the eye response. It is the measure of the flow of visible light energy past any given point in space in a given time period, and is defined as the amount of flux radiated by a source of 1 candela into a solid angle of 1 steradian.
    radiance
    Radiant power per unit source area per unit solid angle. Usually it is expressed in watts/m2/steradian.
    chromaticityFeaturesLEDsConsumerLabsphere Inc.lightLuminous Fluxmeasure radiant fluxoptical radiationradianceradiant fluxspectroscopyTest & MeasurementLight Sourcesintegrating spheres

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