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Habitable Exoplanets to Be Studied with Help of AI and Photonics

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SYDNEY, Oct. 23, 2020 — Researchers from the University of Sydney developed a sensor capable of correcting the distortion of starlight caused by heat variations in Earth’s atmosphere. The sensor would allow ground-based telescopes to study habitable exoplanets. The technology builds on a method to measure and correct the wavefront of light as it passes through atmospheric turbulence directly at the focal plane of an imaging instrument. This is done using a photonic lantern, to convert light, that is linked to a neural network inference process. The researchers called the device a photonic wavefront...Read full article

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    Published: October 2020
    Glossary
    atmospheric turbulence
    Irregularities and disturbances in the atmosphere that are of particular interest because they induce random temporal and spatial phase and amplitude fluctuations that destroy the optical quality and the coherence properties of laser beams.
    deep learning
    Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that involves the use of artificial neural networks to model and solve complex problems. The term "deep" in deep learning refers to the use of deep neural networks, which are neural networks with multiple layers (deep architectures). These networks, often called deep neural networks or deep neural architectures, have the ability to automatically learn hierarchical representations of data. Key concepts and components of deep learning include: ...
    neural network
    A computing paradigm that attempts to process information in a manner similar to that of the brain; it differs from artificial intelligence in that it relies not on pre-programming but on the acquisition and evolution of interconnections between nodes. These computational models have shown extensive usage in applications that involve pattern recognition as well as machine learning as the interconnections between nodes continue to compute updated values from previous inputs.
    wavefront
    In considering a field of electromagnetic energy emanating from a source, the wavefront is a surface connecting all field points that are equidistant from the source.
    telescope
    An afocal optical device made up of lenses or mirrors, usually with a magnification greater than unity, that renders distant objects more distinct, by enlarging their images on the retina.
    adaptive optics
    Adaptive optics (AO) is a technology used to improve the performance of optical systems by reducing the effects of atmospheric distortions. The Earth's atmosphere can cause light passing through it to experience distortions, resulting in image blurring and degradation in various optical applications, such as astronomical observations, laser communications, and imaging systems. Adaptive optics systems actively adjust the optical elements in real-time to compensate for these distortions. Key...
    Research & TechnologyAustraliaHawaiiSubaru Telescopephotonic wavefront sensoratmosphereatmospheric turbulenceexoplanetexoplanet imagingexoplanet researchdeep learningneural networkneural networkswavefrontwavefront sensorOpticstelescopeExtremely Large TelescopeSCExAOadaptive opticsUniversity of Sydney

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