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Nano Pioneers Awarded $1M

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OSLO, Norway, May 28, 2008 -- Scientists from the US and Japan who discovered quantum dots and carbon nanotubes, respectively, are among seven inaugural recipients of $1 million Kavli prizes, biannual awards for outstanding research in nanoscience, neuroscience and astrophysics. The laureates were announced today at the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters by Ole Didrik Lærum, academy president, and transmitted from Oslo via a live simulcast to Columbia University in New York, where it was part of the opening of the first annual World Science Festival. Two Columbia professors were named as Kavli recipients....Read full article

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    Published: May 2008
    Glossary
    biomarker
    A biomarker, short for biological marker, refers to a measurable and quantifiable indicator of a biological condition, process, or response. Biomarkers can be substances or characteristics that are objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to therapeutic interventions. These markers are often used in medical and scientific contexts to assess health status, diagnose diseases, monitor treatment outcomes,...
    diode
    A two-electrode device with an anode and a cathode that passes current in only one direction. It may be designed as an electron tube or as a semiconductor device.
    nano
    An SI prefix meaning one billionth (10-9). Nano can also be used to indicate the study of atoms, molecules and other structures and particles on the nanometer scale. Nano-optics (also referred to as nanophotonics), for example, is the study of how light and light-matter interactions behave on the nanometer scale. See nanophotonics.
    photonics
    The technology of generating and harnessing light and other forms of radiant energy whose quantum unit is the photon. The science includes light emission, transmission, deflection, amplification and detection by optical components and instruments, lasers and other light sources, fiber optics, electro-optical instrumentation, related hardware and electronics, and sophisticated systems. The range of applications of photonics extends from energy generation to detection to communications and...
    sensor
    1. A generic term for detector. 2. A complete optical/mechanical/electronic system that contains some form of radiation detector.
    transistor
    An electronic device consisting of a semiconductor material, generally germanium or silicon, and used for rectification, amplification and switching. Its mode of operation utilizes transmission across the junction of the donor electrons and holes.
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