Fast and volumetric intravital imaging represents the most demanding scenario in which photon counting is drastically improving the performance of existing systems.PABLO BLINDER, LIOR GOLGHER, AND HAGAI HAR-GIL, TEL AVIV UNIVERSITYA surgeon removing a malignant tumor1, a security agent detecting harmful molecules at a stadium2, an autonomous car avoiding a collision3, a weather satellite spotting hurricane formations4, a neuroscientist tracking neuronal activity deep within the brain5 — all of these situations involve quickly identifying small optical signals buried within a large noisy volume. Efforts made by many to achieve this difficult goal have led to a “convergent evolution” toward a common solution: time-tagged photon counting using sensitive single-pixel photodetectors. 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