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Rice Gets $1.4M to Probe Quantum Matter

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HOUSTON, Feb. 12, 2007 -- The W.M. Keck Foundation has awarded Rice University $1.4 million to probe one of the most elusive and mysterious areas of modern physics -- the bizarre world of high-temperature superconductors, quantum magnets, and other solid-state materials that have "strongly correlated" electrons. "The past decade has witnessed incredible experimental breakthroughs in both ultracold atomic physics and condensed matter physics," said physicist Randy Hulet, co-director of Rice's Keck Program in Quantum Materials. "We believe Rice has all the pieces in place to make breakthroughs in our understanding...Read full article

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    Published: February 2007
    Glossary
    electron
    A charged elementary particle of an atom; the term is most commonly used in reference to the negatively charged particle called a negatron. Its mass at rest is me = 9.109558 x 10-31 kg, its charge is 1.6021917 x 10-19 C, and its spin quantum number is 1/2. Its positive counterpart is called a positron, and possesses the same characteristics, except for the reversal of the charge.
    laser cooling
    A process and method by which manipulation and orientation of a given number of directed laser beams decreases the motion of a group of atoms or molecules such that their internal thermodynamic temperatures reach near absolute zero. The 1997 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Steven Chu, Claude Cohen-Tannoudji and William D. Phillips for the development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light.
    nano
    An SI prefix meaning one billionth (10-9). Nano can also be used to indicate the study of atoms, molecules and other structures and particles on the nanometer scale. Nano-optics (also referred to as nanophotonics), for example, is the study of how light and light-matter interactions behave on the nanometer scale. See nanophotonics.
    photonics
    The technology of generating and harnessing light and other forms of radiant energy whose quantum unit is the photon. The science includes light emission, transmission, deflection, amplification and detection by optical components and instruments, lasers and other light sources, fiber optics, electro-optical instrumentation, related hardware and electronics, and sophisticated systems. The range of applications of photonics extends from energy generation to detection to communications and...
    quantum
    The term quantum refers to the fundamental unit or discrete amount of a physical quantity involved in interactions at the atomic and subatomic scales. It originates from quantum theory, a branch of physics that emerged in the early 20th century to explain phenomena observed on very small scales, where classical physics fails to provide accurate explanations. In the context of quantum theory, several key concepts are associated with the term quantum: Quantum mechanics: This is the branch of...
    superconductor
    A metal, alloy or compound that loses its electrical resistance at temperatures below a certain transition temperature referred to as Tc. High-temperature superconductors occur near 130 K, while low-temperature superconductors have Tc in the range of 4 to 18 K.
    Basic ScienceBECselectronFermionHuletKecklaser coolingmetalsnanoNatelsonNews & FeaturesphotonicsquantumRice Universitysolid-statesuperconductorultracoldW.M. Keck FoundationLasers

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