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Subsurfaces Seen Sharply

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LAUSANNE, Switzerland, July 21, 2008 -- The high penetration power of x-rays has been combined with diffraction imaging to create a novel x-ray microscope that makes it possible, for the first time, to view the detailed interiors of semiconductor devices and cellular structures. The microscope was developed by a team of researchers from the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI) and EPFL (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) in Switzerland, and uses a detector, a megapixel PILATUS (pixel apparatus for the Swiss Light Source), that could be considered the younger brother of the one that will soon be detecting collisions from CERN's...Read full article

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    Published: July 2008
    Glossary
    detector
    1. A device designed to convert the energy of incident radiation into another form for the determination of the presence of the radiation. The device may function by electrical, photographic or visual means. 2. A device that provides an electric output that is a useful measure of the radiation that is incident on the device.
    electron
    A charged elementary particle of an atom; the term is most commonly used in reference to the negatively charged particle called a negatron. Its mass at rest is me = 9.109558 x 10-31 kg, its charge is 1.6021917 x 10-19 C, and its spin quantum number is 1/2. Its positive counterpart is called a positron, and possesses the same characteristics, except for the reversal of the charge.
    light
    Electromagnetic radiation detectable by the eye, ranging in wavelength from about 400 to 750 nm. In photonic applications light can be considered to cover the nonvisible portion of the spectrum which includes the ultraviolet and the infrared.
    microscope
    An instrument consisting essentially of a tube 160 mm long, with an objective lens at the distant end and an eyepiece at the near end. The objective forms a real aerial image of the object in the focal plane of the eyepiece where it is observed by the eye. The overall magnifying power is equal to the linear magnification of the objective multiplied by the magnifying power of the eyepiece. The eyepiece can be replaced by a film to photograph the primary image, or a positive or negative relay...
    nano
    An SI prefix meaning one billionth (10-9). Nano can also be used to indicate the study of atoms, molecules and other structures and particles on the nanometer scale. Nano-optics (also referred to as nanophotonics), for example, is the study of how light and light-matter interactions behave on the nanometer scale. See nanophotonics.
    nanometer
    A unit of length in the metric system equal to 10-9 meters. It formerly was called a millimicron.
    photonics
    The technology of generating and harnessing light and other forms of radiant energy whose quantum unit is the photon. The science includes light emission, transmission, deflection, amplification and detection by optical components and instruments, lasers and other light sources, fiber optics, electro-optical instrumentation, related hardware and electronics, and sophisticated systems. The range of applications of photonics extends from energy generation to detection to communications and...
    superresolution
    Superresolution refers to the enhancement or improvement of the spatial resolution beyond the conventional limits imposed by the diffraction of light. In the context of imaging, it is a set of techniques and algorithms that aim to achieve higher resolution images than what is traditionally possible using standard imaging systems. In conventional optical microscopy, the resolution is limited by the diffraction of light, a phenomenon described by Ernst Abbe's diffraction limit. This limit sets a...
    BiophotonicscellularCERNdetectordiffraction imagingelectronEPFLimagesLarge Hadron Colliderlife sciencelightmicroscopeMicroscopynanonanometerNews & FeaturesphotonicsphotonsPILATUSPSIsemiconductorsSensors & Detectorssuperresolutionx-ray

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