Definition of near-infrared spectrometer

Photonics Dictionary

near-infrared spectrometer: A near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer is an analytical instrument used to measure the absorption, transmission, or reflection of light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) involves the interaction of near-infrared light (wavelengths typically ranging from 700 nm to 2500 nm) with molecules in a sample, resulting in characteristic absorption patterns that can be used to identify and quantify various substances.

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Here is how a near-infrared spectrometer typically works:

Light source: Near-infrared spectrometers typically use a broadband light source, such as a tungsten-halogen lamp or a deuterium lamp, to produce a wide range of near-infrared wavelengths.

Sample interaction: The near-infrared light is directed onto the sample being analyzed. As the light interacts with the sample, it is either absorbed, transmitted, or reflected depending on the chemical composition and molecular structure of the sample.

Detector: The light that passes through or reflects off the sample is collected by a detector, which measures the intensity of light at different wavelengths.

Data analysis: The intensity of light measured by the detector is then analyzed using mathematical algorithms and spectral analysis techniques to extract information about the sample's composition, concentration of analytes, or other relevant properties.

Near-infrared spectrometers are widely used in various fields for qualitative and quantitative analysis of a wide range of materials. Some common applications include:

Pharmaceuticals: Near-infrared spectroscopy is used for quality control and analysis of pharmaceutical products, including determining the concentration of active ingredients, monitoring manufacturing processes, and identifying counterfeit drugs.

Food and agriculture: Near-infrared spectroscopy is employed in food and agriculture for analyzing the composition and quality of food products, determining nutritional content, detecting adulteration, and assessing crop health and maturity.

Chemical industry: Near-infrared spectroscopy is utilized in the chemical industry for process monitoring, quality control of raw materials and finished products, and analyzing chemical reactions.

Environmental monitoring: Near-infrared spectroscopy can be used for environmental monitoring and analysis of soil, water, and air samples to detect pollutants, monitor environmental changes, and assess the health of ecosystems.

Near-infrared spectrometers come in various configurations, including dispersive spectrometers, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers, and portable handheld devices, offering flexibility and versatility for different applications and settings.

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