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vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser

A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is a type of semiconductor laser diode that emits light vertically from the surface of a semiconductor wafer. VCSELs are commonly used in various applications, including data communication, optical sensing, and optical interconnects.
 

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Unlike edge-emitting lasers, which emit light from their edges, VCSELs emit light from the top surface of the device. This vertical emission is achieved through a specific design that allows the laser to efficiently emit light in a perpendicular direction. VCSELs have several advantages over traditional edge-emitting lasers, including lower manufacturing costs, ease of integration into two-dimensional arrays, and the ability to modulate the emitted light at high speeds, making them particularly suitable for applications like optical data transmission in data centers and fiber optic communication.
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