Abbreviations/Acronyms

adaptive delta modulation; add-drop multiplexer

adaptive differential pulse code modulation; varies the binary step interval for the required bandwidth for a given signal-to-noise ratio.

active matrix; air mass; amplitude modulation

acousto-optic modulator

charge-transfer light modulator

dispersion compensation module

diffraction-limited modulation transfer function

differential pulse code modulation

dynamic pulse position modulation

electronic address light modulator

electro-absorption modulator

erbium gain module

electron microscope; electromagnetic; electromodulation

electro-absorptive modulated laser

electro-optic light modulator

frequency modulation

frequency-modulated subcarrier

frequency-modulated continuous wave

geometric modulation transfer function

intensity modulation

laser feedback microscope; lateral force microscope; longitudinal field modulator

modulation contrast microscopy; multichip module — modulation contrast microscopy is a unique illumination technique that enhances contrast in an imaging microscope by converting optical gradients into variations in light intensity. Modulation contrast microscopy is found most commonly in live cell imaging, polarization microscopy, phase contrast, and oblique illumination of stained, unstained and birefringent specimens. A multichip module is an electronic packaging system where multiple discrete electronic components (integrated circuits, semiconductor diodes, etc.) are packaged in various ways onto a single substrate.

modulation-inducing retrodirective optical system

modulator-demodulator

microchannel spatial light modulator

modulated transmission ellipsometry

modulation transfer function; median time to failure

optical add-drop module

optical address light modulator

optical modulation depth

optical transform image modulation

pulse amplitude modulation

polychromatic acousto-optic modulator

pulse code modulation; phase-conjugate mirror

pulse duration modulation

piezoresponse force microscopy; pulse frequency modulation

pulse intensity modulation; pulse interval modulation

polarization modulation; phase modulation; photomultiplier

phase-modulating receptacle

pulse position modulation

pulse rate modulation

pulse width modulation

quaternary pulse modulation

Raman gain module

random spatial phase modulator

single longitudinal mode; spatial light modulator

transverse field modulator

velocity modulation

external modulator