Photonics Dictionary: S

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sand hole

A crude area on the polished surface, produced during coarse grinding, that subsequent fine grinding does not remove, owing, to some extent, to coarse grains of grinding sand that mixed with finer...

SATA-RAID

serial advanced technology attachment — redundant array of inexpensive discs

SCT

Schmidt-Cassegrain telescope

secondary bow

The indistinct rainbow that may sometimes be observed outside the distinct primary bow and that has its colors in opposite order. The red colors of both bows are toward each other.

serial scanning -> rectilinear scanning

The scanning of a region in a given sequence of slender, straight parallel strips.

short-focus lens -> wide-angle lens

A wide-angle lens is a type of camera lens that has a shorter focal length than a standard or normal lens, allowing it to capture a broader field of view. Wide-angle lenses are characterized by their...

Silsbee effect

The ability of an electrical current to destroy superconductivity by means of the magnetic field generated by the current. The temperature of the material is not raised, and the effect is identical...

silver halide emulsion

An emulsion in which grains of the photosensitive material silver halide are deposited. Each grain, when exposed to light, either develops or fails to develop as a unit, leaving a dark or clear...

SLS

selective laser sintering; strained-layer superlattice

spectrographic slits

The slits in a spectrograph that form images of spectral lines. Slits may be bilateral or unilateral, and generally close down to 0.01 mm and open up to almost a whole millimeter. The edges of the...

spherical microintegrated lens

A tiny lens (as small as 100 µm in diameter) used to focus light on charge-coupled devices, formed by heating a photosensitive material exposed through a mask, leaving a pattern of raised...

star testing

The visual examination by a trained observer of the image of a point source. Any coloring or departure from the Airy disc rings indicates the presence of aberrations in the lens forming that image.

straight-path approximation

The determination of axially symmetric and asymmetric refractive-index distributions by use of interferometry carried out on the basis of the approximation of a straight path of rays passing through...

strain

In optics, the mechanical tension, compression or shear in optical glass due to internal stress caused by improper cooling or annealing during manufacture of the glass or the subsequent working of...

strain measuring equipment -> photoelasticity

The process of determining, with the aid of plane-polarized light, the stress distribution in materials under complex systems of loading.

strain viewer

A viewer that uses the transmittance of polarized light through glass or a similar medium to examine strained regions. See polariscope.

structural character recognition

An approach to character recognition based on the structure of the character to be identified (number of straight lines, bays, holes, etc.); used where simple matching is not viable, as in...

superresolution

Superresolution refers to the enhancement or improvement of the spatial resolution beyond the conventional limits imposed by the diffraction of light. In the context of imaging, it is a set of...

Photonics DictionaryS

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