Abbreviations/Acronyms

active-matrix organic light-emitting diode

alternating current

antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide

American Society for Nondestructive Testing

American Society for Testing and Materials

American wire gauge;arrayed waveguide grating

cryogenic continuous-film memory

continuous dynode electron multiplier

compensating digital readout multiplexer

chain input pointing

Coordinating Committee for Multilateral Export Controls

continuously variable filter

continuous wave; clockwise

dichromated gelatin

designating optical tracker

discontinuously reinforced aluminum

electron-beam coating

electrically conducting; European Commission

edge-emitting LED

Earth orbiting polar platform

electronic retina computing reader

electroretinography

fiber Bragg grating

floating index point; floating point interpretive program

floating octal point

floating point operations per second

frequency-modulated continuous wave

fine pointing mechanism

floating point processor

Fourier transfer phase-shifting interferometry

graphic applications subroutine package

geodetic Earth orbiting satellite; geosynchronous Earth observation system

grating surface emitting

high-index-contrast subwavelength grating

holographic nondestructive testing

Illuminating Engineering Society

image photocounting distribution; interpupillary distance

infrared-emitting diode

infrared search and track

intensified silicon intensifier target

International Society of Testing and Materials

interline transfer

indium tin oxide

low-altitude navigation and targeting infrared at night

light-emitting diode

laser-induced damage testing

low-operating-current light-emitting diode

megabyte — The megabyte (also expressed as Mbyte) is equivalent to one million (106) of the standard unit for digital information storage in computing which is the byte.

modulation contrast microscopy; multichip module — modulation contrast microscopy is a unique illumination technique that enhances contrast in an imaging microscope by converting optical gradients into variations in light intensity. Modulation contrast microscopy is found most commonly in live cell imaging, polarization microscopy, phase contrast, and oblique illumination of stained, unstained and birefringent specimens. A multichip module is an electronic packaging system where multiple discrete electronic components (integrated circuits, semiconductor diodes, etc.) are packaged in various ways onto a single substrate.

magnetic Czochralski process — Introduction of an external magnetic field in the Czochralski melting process for crystal growth in order to influence the flow and dampen the amplitudes of the melt oscillations that occur in the process. This is accomplished when the external magnetic field generates an electric field inside the melt, which further induces an internal magnetic field in the now electrically conducting melt. The amplitudes of the now induced electric and magnetic fields can be controlled by the strength of the external magnetic field allowing control of the MCZ process.