Abbreviations/Acronyms

electron microscope; electromagnetic; electromodulation

electron scanning tunneling microscope

high-voltage electron microscope

modulation contrast microscopy; multichip module — modulation contrast microscopy is a unique illumination technique that enhances contrast in an imaging microscope by converting optical gradients into variations in light intensity. Modulation contrast microscopy is found most commonly in live cell imaging, polarization microscopy, phase contrast, and oblique illumination of stained, unstained and birefringent specimens. A multichip module is an electronic packaging system where multiple discrete electronic components (integrated circuits, semiconductor diodes, etc.) are packaged in various ways onto a single substrate.

scanning electron microscope

scanning transmission electron microscope

transmission electron microscope; transverse electromagnetic