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Materials, Coatings News

LED Light Breaks Down Forever Chemicals that Harm the Environment
FORT COLLINS, Colo., Nov. 29, 2024 — The durability of PFAS has led to their widespread use in medical, industrial, and commercial settings throughout the world. These “forever chemicals” are made of inorganic materials that break down very slowly. They are difficult to dispose of, and over time, they have become part of the natural environment. According to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), exposure to PFAS in the water, air, and soil can lead to cancer, reproductive issues, and other health problems in
Liquid Crystal Lens Filters out Light that Causes Seizures
GLASGOW, Scotland, Nov. 26, 2024 — In people who experience photosensitive epilepsy, seizures can be triggered by visual stimuli, like video games, that are displayed at certain wavelengths. Lenses made with cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC), a material that is sensitive to changes in...
Quasicrystals Create Light Vortices to Transmit More Data with Fiber Optics
ESPOO, Finland, Nov. 21, 2024 — As the demand for data storage grows, better ways to encode large amounts of data for rapid transmission are required. One method of transmitting data is to encode the data in laser light and send it through optical fibers. A new design method from...
Photonic Time Crystals Amplify Light Exponentially for Lasing and Sensing
ESPOO, Finland, Nov. 19, 2024 — The first practical approach to creating photonic time crystals at optical frequencies, developed by an international research team, could lay the groundwork for faster, more compact lasers, sensors, and other optical devices. The team comprising...
Gold-Based Agent Improves OCT’s Ability to Image Cardio Conditions
OTTAWA, Canada, Nov. 18, 2024 — Intravascular optical coherence tomography (IV-OCT) is used to inform doctors about the shape and structure of hardened artery buildups, torn arteries, and blood clots in the heart. While the method is useful for anatomical imaging, researchers...
Waveguiding Method Builds Path to Guide Light Through Scattering Materials
GLASGOW, Scotland, Nov. 13, 2024 — A new approach to guiding and controlling light, based on the process of diffusion, can enhance light transmission by orders of magnitude, even along curved trajectories. The diffusion waveguiding approach could be used in future medical imaging...
Photoresist Enables High-Throughput, High-Resolution Nanolithography
HANGZHOU, China, Nov. 6, 2024 — A new cationic-based photoresist can improve the production speed of two-photon lithography (TPL) without sacrificing resolution. The highly sensitive photoresist, called TP-EO (short for two-photon epoxy oligomer), was developed by a team at...
Laser-Activated Gel Forms Tissue Scaffolds for Medicine and Research
ZURICH, Nov. 5, 2024 — Using a laser and a light-reactive gel, a research team led by Hao Liu at ETH Zurich produced highly aligned microfilament structures for growing connective, nerve, and muscle tissue in a lab. The optically-based approach developed by the team could...
Fourth-Generation Optics Surmount the Limitations of Planar Optics
Nov 4, 2024 — A micrometer-thin film coated over a flat glass substrate can deflect a light beam in the same way as a prism. This film can be fabricated to be structurally smooth, at a molecular level, and as clear and haze-free as a polished window of fused...
Ultrafast Logic Gate Could Act as All-Optical Switch for Fiber Optics
ANN ARBOR, Mich., Oct. 28, 2024 — A University of Michigan-led team demonstrated an ultrafast, all-optical switch by pulsing circularly polarized light through an optical cavity lined with tungsten diselenide (WSe2), an ultrathin semiconductor. The device could function as a...
Broadband Frequency Conversion Method Could Improve Quantum Data Transfer
SHANGHAI, Oct. 23, 2024 — A new approach to achieving broadband, nonlinear frequency conversion could be a significant advancement for quantum information systems and integrated photonics. One of the challenges in developing quantum information technology is ensuring that...
Dual-Comb Spectroscopy Technology Improves Gas Leak Detection
GAITHERSBURG, Md., Oct. 22, 2024 — A smart dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) technique, from the scientists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), detects gases and other substances with more speed and sensitivity than traditional dual-comb methods. The new,...
Expansion Microscopy Technique Enables 20-nm Resolution
CAMBRIDGE, Mass., Oct. 18, 2024 — A new expansion microscopy (ExM) technique from MIT makes it possible to use a conventional light microscope to generate high-resolution images at the nanoscale, by expanding specimens 20-fold before imaging them. Historically, nanoscale structures...
Bifocal Lenses, with Liquid Crystal Bilayers, Allow Flexible Light Modulation
WASHINGTON, D.C., Oct. 15, 2024 — A bilayer, bifocal lens with adjustable focal points could allow more flexible modulation of light in applications for optical computing, bioimaging, augmented and virtual reality, and other areas. The lens, which was developed at Hunan University,...
Attosecond Spectroscopy Captures Electron Transfer in Organic Molecules
MADRID, Oct. 10, 2024 — The redistribution of electronic density in molecules after they absorb light is an ultrafast phenomenon that involves quantum effects and molecular dynamics. The ability to measure the electron and charge transfer dynamics of this phenomenon with...
Deep Learning-Based Method Guards Against Chip Tampering
WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind., Oct. 7, 2024 — The $75 billion counterfeit chip market jeopardizes the safety and security of multiple sectors that depend on semiconductor technologies, including aviation, communication, quantum computing, artificial intelligence, and finance. A new counterfeit...
OLED Probes Guide Optogenetic Light to Cochlear Implants
DRESDEN, Germany, Oct. 3, 2024 — Electrical cochlear implants (eCIs) are effective at restoring hearing when used in a quiet environment. However, eCIs do not work as well in noisy surroundings, and they are unable to fully capture the experience of listening to music for...
Polar Light, Finetech Partner on Micro-LED Tech
LINKÖPING, Sweden Oct. 2, 2024 — In collaboration with Finetech, Polar Light Technologies has introduced novel gallium nitride (GaN) pyramidal microLEDs that are directly bonded to indium pads on a silicon chip. The new method, in which LEDs are built from the bottom up, avoids the...
Nanodisk Device Could Advance Nonlinear, High-Index Nanophotonics
GOTHENBURG, Sweden, Sept. 23, 2024 — A photonics nanostructure that combines a high refractive index with extreme optical nonlinearity could offer a compact, efficient option for compressing light and changing light frequency. The nanodisk structure could be integrated into optical...
One-Dimensional Gas Created with Light
BONN, Germany, Sept. 19, 2024 — Physicists from the Institute of Applied Physics (IAP) at the University of Bonn in cooperation with colleagues at the University of Kaiserslautern-Landau (RPTU) have created a one-dimensional gas out of light particles. The work enables the testing...
Laser Writing Integrates Sensors on Material to Manage Equipment Safety
HANGZHOU, China, Sept. 13, 2024 — With superior mechanical properties, lightweight features, and the ability to withstand harsh environments, engineering thermoplastics are viewed as highly desirable materials for aerospace, automotive, biomedical, and electronics applications. To...
Soitec-Led Project Targets High-Frequency Semiconductors
BERNIN, France, Sept. 11, 2024 — Move2THz, a European research and industry consortium led by Soitec, has commenced work to develop a future generation of high-frequency semiconductors based on indium phosphide (InP). The 27-member consortium plans to lay the groundwork for a...
Thermal Metasurface Controls and Creates a Light Source
NEW YORK, Sept. 11, 2024 — Optical metasurfaces offer the potential to shape and customize light for specific applications. But existing metasurfaces can only control laser light sources, and require bulky, expensive excitation setups to do so. Researchers at City University...
UV Lasers, Combs Provide High-Frequency Light for Nuclear Clock
BOULDER, Colo., Sept. 10, 2024 — Nuclear clocks, which measure time by using the energy jumps within an atom’s nucleus, could improve timekeeping, navigation, and internet speeds, and could advance physics research. They have the potential to be more accurate than atomic...
Micro-rings Make Green Gap Wavelengths Accessible for Tiny Lasers
GAITHERSBURG, Md., Sept. 6, 2024 — Compact, high-quality lasers that generate red and blue light have been available for years, but lasers that emit light at yellow and green wavelengths and are small enough to fit on a chip have been harder to build. Wavelengths between...
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