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polarized Dictionary Terms

ellipsometer
A spectrometer equipped with polarizing prisms and retardation plates that is used in the analysis of elliptically polarized...
laser output
The laser output refers to the generated and emitted light produced by a laser system. This output is characterized by...
extinction
1. The near total absorption of plane-polarized light by a polarizer that has an axis perpendicular to the plane of...
Lippich prism
A small half-shade analyzer placed in the eyepiece of a polarimeter to determine the character of the polarized light...
depolarizer
A device that obliterates the polarization of a polarized beam by reflecting the beam in all directions at right angles to...
dichroic polarizer
A polarizer that consists of dichroic polarizing material embedded in a plastic sheet, and that transmits light that is...
pleochroism
The property exhibited by certain birefringent crystals in which the degree with which they transmit polarized light is...
plane-polarized light
A light beam whose electric vectors all vibrate in a single fixed plane.
allogyric birefringence
Left- and right-hand circularly polarized beams that are produced at different velocities by passing plane-polarized light...
liquid core optical fiber
Multimode straight fiber capable of transporting linearly polarized light with any incident polarization angle, and in which...
meso form
A form of an element that cannot demonstrate optical activity as a result of dextrogyrate and levogyrate effects that are...
bulk nonreciprocal device
A device that functions throughout the continuous radiation of a linearly polarized plane wave, and whose nonreciprocity...
infrared optic
Infrared optics refer to optical components and systems designed to manipulate and control infrared (IR) light, which lies...
Iceland spar
Also called calcite. A natural hexagonal crystal of calcium carbonate. It cleaves readily into rhomboids useful in the study...
piezoelectric crystal
A crystal consisting of a substance that has the ability to become electrically polarized and has strong piezoelectric...
polarization-insensitive operation
Capability requirement for optical switches for transmission lines to process arbitrarily polarized light because of the...
modulator crystal
A nonlinear crystal used to modulate a polarized beam of light by means of the Pockels effect. A Pockels cell is used as a...
dielectric coated grating
A shallow, fine-pitch diffraction grating having a precise dielectric overcoating that experimentally has absorbed...
elliptically polarized light
A light beam whose electric vectors are broken into two elements of unlike amplitudes that are perpendicular to each other...
unpolarized
Behaving as though characterized by a series of waves having planes of vibration oriented at all possible azimuths.
half-wave voltage
That voltage required across a Pockels, Kerr or other electro-optic light modulator to retard one polarization electrical...
Malus's law
A law that uses the square of the cosine between the plane of polarization of a beam of plane-polarized light and the plane...
circular dichroism
Circular dichroism (CD) is a spectroscopic technique used to study the structural characteristics of chiral (asymmetric)...
smectic phase
A form of liquid crystal in which flow does not take place in the usual manner. When examined with polarized light, the...
half-shade device
A device for forming at least two adjacent areas of polarized light. The angle between the directions of vibration of the...
enantiomer
A molecule that is the mirror image of another molecule. The two mirror-image molecules have the same chemical properties;...
Bertrand lens
A small convergent lens, located between the objective and eyepiece of a microscope, that focuses an image of the upper...
dextrogyrate
Able to rotate the plane of polarization of a transmitted, plane-polarized light beam clockwise as seen by a viewer looking...
polarimetric analysis
The determination of a substance's identity or quantity through the analysis of its optical rotation. For example, the...
nematic phase
A form of liquid crystal with an appearance of moving, threadlike structures, particularly visible when observed in thick...
Rayleigh scattering
Rayleigh scattering is a phenomenon that occurs when light waves interact with particles or molecules that are much smaller...
dichroscopic eyepiece
An eyepiece used in a polariscope or polarizing microscope to give a comparison view of the same object under illumination...
Kerr cell
A cell filled with a transparent material that, when placed in a strong electrical field, exhibits double refraction. Since...
right-hand polarized wave
A wave that is polarized elliptically or circularly polarized and in which the electric field vector — observed while...
polarizing prism
A device that is used to produce or analyze plane-polarized light. It may be a Nicol prism or some other form of calcite...
linear receive optics
Linear receive optics typically refers to the optical components and systems used in the reception (detection) of linearly...
extinction ratio
The ratio of the power of a plane-polarized beam that is transmitted through a polarizer placed in its path with its...
magneto-optics
Magneto-optics refers to the study and manipulation of the interaction between magnetic fields and light (electromagnetic...
polarizing filter
A filter that polarizes light passing through it. It is possible to fabricate sheets of plastic or gelatin that contain...
retardance
The degree of angular shift in the phase of incoming polarized light.
Martens wedge
A wedge-shaped piece of quartz typically found in a polarimeter to monitor and rotate the plane of polarization of plane...
polarizer
An optical device capable of transforming unpolarized or natural light into polarized light, usually by selective...
sheet polarizer
A sheet of plastic material containing microscopic crystals of herapathite or some other similar substance that transmits...
petrographic specimen preparation
The grinding and polishing of rock samples, to a thickness of less than 0.05 mm, for study with petrographic microscopes....
Brewster angle window
A parallel plate of glass in such a position that the refracted and reflected rays of incident parallel light are mutually...
analyzer
An optical device, such as a Nicol prism, capable of producing plane-polarized light, and used for detecting the effect of...
optical activity
The capacity of a chiral substance such as a crystal or molecule to rotate the plane of polarized light that is transmitted...
photoelasticity
The process of determining, with the aid of plane-polarized light, the stress distribution in materials under complex...
ferroelectric crystal
A crystal capable of being polarized in the reverse direction when an electric field is applied.
polarization
Polarization refers to the orientation of oscillations in a transverse wave, such as light waves, radio waves, or other...
Pockels cell
A device containing an electro-optic crystal and using the Pockels effect. A voltage applied across the crystal generates...
geometric phase shifting
A technique used to create an achromatic phase shift based on the principle of geometric phase. The phase shift is...
circular birefringence
The optical phenomenon in which right circularly polarized light transmitted by an active medium travels at a different...
Nicol prism
A prism invented by William Nicol in 1828 that is made of calcite, the end faces of which are ground to an angle of 68°...
photoelastic
In optics, the double refraction that is produced when stress is applied to a transparent material. Plastics, which are...
stress-applying part
In polarization-preserving optical fibers, the element used to induce birefringence. The SAP is highly doped to provide a...
retarder cell
A device that uses nematic liquid crystals sandwiched between fused silica substrates to change the phase of polarized...
Savart polariscope
1. A polariscope consisting of a Savart plate and a tourmaline plate analyzer, and used to produce parallel color fringes by...
calcite interference microscope
A microscope that allows examination of a small crystal and conveniently provides linearly polarized object and reference...
Stokes parameters
The parameters, relative to polarized light and the Poincaré sphere, that are usually represented as: I, the intensity of...
Faraday rotation
The effect discovered by Faraday in 1845 whereby nonoptically active materials or substances become capable of rotating the...
wave plate
An optical element having two principal axes, slow and fast, that resolve an incident polarized beam into two mutually...
transmission plane
In polarized light, the plane of vibration that a polarizer will transmit.
Wollaston prism
A polarizing prism consisting of two calcite prisms cemented such that they deviate the two emerging beams (which are...
strain viewer
A viewer that uses the transmittance of polarized light through glass or a similar medium to examine strained regions. See...
magnetic rotation spectroscopy
Technique in which the polarization rotation of light, and its relationship to the magnetic field strength can be analyzed...
double refraction
The separation of unpolarized light into two plane-polarized elements by a doubly refracting crystal. When a crystal, such...
azimuth angle
1. In astronomy, the angle measured clockwise (eastward) in a horizontal plane, usually from north (true north, Y-north,...
ellipsometry
Ellipsometry is an optical technique used to characterize the properties of thin films and surfaces. It is based on the...
circularly polarized light
A light beam whose electric vectors can be broken into two perpendicular elements that have equal amplitudes and that differ...
Laurent polarimeter
A Laurent polarimeter is an instrument used in optics for measuring the rotation of plane-polarized light caused by...
electric dichroism spectroscopy
The use of a krypton laser system for the measurement of small molecules aligned by an electric field, by analyzing the...
linear polarization
See plane-polarized light; polarization.
Smith-Baker microscope
A transmission interference microscope that produces interference patterns of a sample by using birefringent plates that...
Savart plate
A double-plate device used to transmit polarized light and form interference fringes of the light, thus indicating its...
compensator
An optical element that measures the phase difference between two components of elliptically polarized light to correct for...
polarization-preserving fiber
Single-mode fiber that preserves the plane of polarization of the light launched into it as the beam propagates through its...
differential interference contrast microscopy
Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, also known as Nomarski interference contrast microscopy, is an optical...
Tyndall effect
The effect by which sufficiently small particles will scatter blue light at right angles to the incident beam. This...
dichroism
Dichroism refers to the property of certain materials to exhibit different colors or absorbance of light depending on the...
synchrotron
A synchrotron is a type of particle accelerator that uses magnetic fields to steer charged particles, typically electrons or...
single-mode waveguide (or fiber)
An optical waveguide in which only the lowest order bound mode, which may consist of a pair of orthogonally polarized...

(82 results found)

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