The process of subjecting glass to temperature cycling to produce physico-chemical reactions that alter its properties. Similar processes can be accomplished with a laser -- most commonly a CO2, Nd:YAG or Nd:glass laser -- in certain kinds of...

Long-wave infrared (LWIR) refers to a specific range of the infrared spectrum. Infrared radiation is divided into three main...

A YAG crystal refers to a solid-state crystal made of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), which is a synthetic crystalline...

Germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) refers to a specific range of UV radiation that has disinfectant properties capable of killing...

Medical lasers are devices that produce intense beams of light with specific characteristics and properties, which are used...

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical technique used to detect changes in blood volume in tissues. It...

The masking of all openings of an optical transform -- except the hole at the symmetrical center -- with a thin wire gauze...

An Er:YAG laser is a type of solid-state laser that uses a crystal made of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet...

The calculated normal distance from a photon source at which harmful interaction with the incident light will occur....

A self-interference effect that generates random patterns; secondary speckle pattern (SSP) typically occurs in diffuse...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique used in medical and scientific fields to capture...

An optical test table made up of two outer layers or "skins'' bonded to either side of a honeycomblike core, usually of...

Micro-optical coherence tomography (micro-OCT) is an imaging technique that is an adaptation of optical coherence tomography...

An infrared camera, also known as a thermal imaging camera or IR camera, is a device that captures and visualizes the...

In image processing, the assigning of certain portions (or pixels) of an image a constant value of either 0 (black) or 1...

Structural surfaces that incorporate an embedded sensor network capable of detecting flaws within the structure.

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows for high-resolution, in vivo imaging...

Laser surgery refers to a medical procedure in which a laser, or focused beam of light, is used as a precision tool to cut,...

A laser skin-resurfacing method that creates microscopic thermal wounds referred to as microscopic treatment zones (MTZs),...

A laser crystal, also known as an active medium or gain medium, is a solid-state material used in the construction of...

Localized redness of skin due to congestion of capillaries; a common result of overexposure to laser radiation.

Phototoxicity refers to the harmful effects caused by exposure to light, particularly intense or ultraviolet (UV) light, on...

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a therapeutic approach that utilizes the combination of light, a photosensitizer, and...

Oleophobic is a term used to describe substances or materials that repel or resist oils. The word oleophobic comes from the...

An accurately produced hole of any size and shape that is used as a masking device in an optical system. Pinhole apertures...

Laser ablation is a process that involves the removal or erosion of material from a target surface using laser energy. This...

Hydrophilic is a term used to describe substances or materials that have an affinity for water. The word hydrophilic comes...

An instrument for detecting and analyzing repetitive signals. Using a fixed time delay or "gate," the input signal...

An excimer laser is a type of ultraviolet laser that emits short pulses of light in the ultraviolet spectrum. The term...

Q-switched operation, or q-switching, is a technique used in lasers to produce short and intense pulses of light. The term...

In the context of thin film deposition processes such as evaporation or sputtering, masks are used to selectively deposit...

Time-lapse optical coherence tomography (OCT) refers to a medical imaging technique that captures a series of sequential OCT...

Phototherapy is a medical treatment that involves the use of light to treat various conditions, particularly those related...