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Research & Technology News

NASA Unveils Advanced X-Ray Telescope

Oct 1, 1997 — A team of Eastman Kodak engineers completed its next-generation x-ray telescope for NASA's new Advanced X-Ray Astrophysics Facility. Slated for launch in August 1998, the telescope will be a key component in the space agency's string of space observation systems, bridging the gap between the Hubble Space Telescope, which operates in the visible spectrum, and the TRW-built Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, which observes cosmic energy. Observatory testing is scheduled for completion in the spring...

NIST Develops Stable Optical Retarder

Oct 1, 1997 — Scientists at the National Institute of Standards and Technology's (NIST) Optoelectronics Div. have developed a stable linear optical retarder for use as a calibration reference. Optical retarders, known as wave plates, are critical for polarization...

Polymer could be key to faster optical switching

Oct 1, 1997 — SALT LAKE CITY -- Researchers have developed a technique that uses a polymer to create an ultrafast, exciton-based optical switch that operates 10 times faster than current technology. Today optical switches apply an electric field to an inorganic...

Raman Spectroscopy Could Simplify Pollution Monitoring

Oct 1, 1997 — COLUMBIA, Mo. -- Power plants must continuously track the amount of carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide that emit from their smokestacks. There usually is a separate detection system for each pollutant, but research at the University of...

Researchers Bend X-Rays

Oct 1, 1997 — A pair of Harvard University researchers have discovered a way to manipulate the direction of an x-ray beam, an advance that could someday lead to an improved x-ray laser. Normally, x-rays pass through ordinary optical lenses without bending, but...

Researchers Demonstrate High-Power, Aluminum-Free Mid-IR Laser

Oct 1, 1997 — Scientists at Northwestern University's Center for Quantum Devices in Evanston, Ill., have demonstrated an aluminum-free diode laser that emits up to 3 W at 3.2 µm. In comparison, similar aluminum-free diode lasers have a maximum output of 100...

Researchers fired up about infrared alarm

Oct 1, 1997 — WEST LAFAYETTE, Ind. -- The old adage "Where there's smoke, there's fire" could give way to "Where there's flickering infrared radiation, there's fire," if researchers at Purdue University have their way. They have developed a fire detection device...

Researchers Grow Ultrapure Crystals in High-Vacuum System

Oct 1, 1997 — Scientists have long known that the fewer impurities there are in a semiconductor material, the faster electrons can travel through it. Impurities act as roadblocks, scattering and reducing their speed. Recently a team of researchers led by Mordehai...

Researchers Patent Handheld Probe

Oct 1, 1997 — SEATTLE -- For more than 15 years, scientists have fine-tuned a technique that determines the presence and concentration of chemicals by analyzing reflected light. Known as surface plasmon resonance, the technique is useful for detecting pollution...

Robomower cuts grass, misses dog

Oct 1, 1997 — GAINESVILLE, Fla. -- The hours of sweaty, dusty, laborious lawn mowing may soon be over, thanks to a robotic lawn mower under development at the University of Florida's Machine Intelligence Lab. Using a high-tech combination of radio, sonar and...

Scientists Construct Model to Illustrate Behavior of Optically Excited Materials

Oct 1, 1997 — A group of researchers based at the University of Rochester and led by Shaul Mukamel has developed a set of theoretical models that illustrate how properties of both small and large molecules change when optically excited. Up until this point,...

Sensor reveals steak freshness

Oct 1, 1997 — SWANSEA, UK -- Scientists have developed an inexpensive thin-film oxygen sensor with emission bands in the visible region that fluoresces under a simple UV light source. The sensor could have widespread applications in detecting oxygen contamination...

Sensors Made Light-Sensitive

Oct 1, 1997 — The Consumer Systems Group of the Motorola Semiconductor Products Sector in Chandler, Ariz., and Eastman Kodak in Rochester, N.Y., have developed a tiny filmless camera using Motorola's patented ImageMOS technology. ImageMOS is used to produce...

Anemometer Adapted for Reactors

Sep 1, 1997 — PITTSBURGH -- A device that measures steam velocity in high-pressure, high-temperature environments could be key to ensuring the safety of nuclear reactors within their core. In a collaboration among Westinghouse's Science & Technology Center,...

Germans Measure Quantum States of Squeezed Light

Sep 1, 1997 — KONSTANZ, Germany -- More than a decade ago, scientists discovered a new state of light that, if harnessed, promised to increase the sensitivity of interferometers and other photonic instruments. There was only one problem: "Squeezed light" existed...

Holographic Camera Users Wanted

Sep 1, 1997 — MD Diffusion of Schiltigheim, France, is looking for volunteers who use holographic cameras to test the company's new silver-halide (AgBr) emulsion films. The company's goal is to develop the halide films, which offer fine-grain emulsion, and...

Jellyfish Genes Eyed for Optical Storage

Sep 1, 1997 — SAN DIEGO -- For the next generation of optical storage technology, scientists at the University of California are looking to the sea. A report published in Nature describes newly discovered properties of the green fluorescent protein that gives...

Lucent Demonstrates 100-Channel Amplifier

Sep 1, 1997 — VICTORIA, British Columbia, Canada -- Lucent Technologies has demonstrated a 100-channel optical amplifier that could revolutionize optical networking technology, according to the company. The experimental ultra-wideband optical fiber amplifier can...

Machine Vision, NDT and UV Lasers Top Semicon West '97

Sep 1, 1997 — SAN JOSE, Calif. -- Semicon West '97, an international exposition highlighting innovations in the semiconductor equipment and materials industry, brought the latest developments in wafer processing and integrated circuit test, assembly and packaging...

Marriage of Laser/Arc Welding Promises More for Less

Sep 1, 1997 — HAIFA, Israel -- Plasma-Laser Technologies (PLT) Ltd. has coupled arc plasma and a laser beam to produce a cutting and welding tool that offers more than just the sum of the two systems. The notion of augmenting a laser beam with a plasma arc for...

Multimedia Electronic Imaging Makes Strides

Sep 1, 1997 — The Heinrich Hertz Institut in Berlin has developed a video decoder chip that takes image data and prepares it for display in high-definition television systems. The HDTV-MPEG2 video decoder chip is being implemented in cooperation with Fujitsu...

Optem International

Sep 1, 1997 — WASHINGTON -- Researchers at the Naval Research Laboratory's Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering have developed a multichannel biosensor capable of providing early detection of anthrax and other lethal biological agents. Now in advanced...

Photonics Center Holds Inaugural Symposium

Sep 1, 1997 — The Boston University Photonics Center will hold its first symposium, "Photonics: Driving the Economy of the Future," on Thursday, Oct. 23. Speakers include representatives from Lockheed Martin, Polaroid, Hewlett-Packard and Corning. Mary Good,...

Photorefractive Polymer Provides High Optical Gain and Long Lifetime

Sep 1, 1997 — SAN DIEGO -- Scientists have unveiled a durable, optically efficient polymer that improves on several years of research toward an inexpensive photorefractive material. Moreover, they have demonstrated its use as an efficient phase conjugated mirror,...

Princeton Develops Organic Laser

Sep 1, 1997 — Researchers at Princeton University in New Jersey have developed a laser from vacuum-deposited organic thin-film materials. Organic lasers have been eyed for years as a possible replacement for inorganic semiconductor diode lasers. Potential...

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