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semiconductors Dictionary Terms

chemical vapor deposition equipment
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipment refers to a class of specialized apparatus used in the process of chemical vapor...
heterojunction
A junction between semiconductors that differ in their doping level conductivities, and also in their atomic or alloy...
photovoltaic
Photovoltaic (PV) refers to a technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductors. The term...
conduction band
A partially filled or empty energy band through which electrons can move easily. The material can therefore carry an...
solid-state imaging system
An imaging system that uses a mosaic of tiny light-sensitive semiconductors (phototransistors) to produce individual outputs...
GaAlAs laser
A GaAlAs laser is a type of semiconductor laser diode that emits light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic...
indium phosphide
Indium phosphide (InP) is a compound semiconductor material composed of indium (In) and phosphorus (P). It belongs to the...
infrared detector
An infrared detector is a device that is used to detect and measure infrared radiation, which lies beyond the visible...
gallium nitride
Gallium nitride (GaN) is a compound made up of gallium (Ga) and nitrogen (N). It is a wide-bandgap semiconductor material...
Kerr effect
The Kerr effect, named after the physicist John Kerr who first observed it in 1875, is a nonlinear optical phenomenon where...
exciton
An exciton is a quasiparticle that represents the bound state of an electron and a hole in a solid-state material, typically...
silicon carbide light-emitting diodes
Silicon carbide (SiC) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric current is...
photodetector
A photodetector, also known as a photosensor or photodiode, is a device that detects and converts light into an electrical...
gallium arsenide phosphide
Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) is a semiconductor alloy composed of gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), and phosphorus (P). It...
III-V material
In semiconductor physics and materials science, the term "III-V materials" refers to compounds composed of elements from...
bandgap
In semiconductor physics, the term bandgap refers to the energy range in a material where no electronic states are allowed....
recombination radiation
The radiation emitted in semiconductors when electrons in the conduction band recombine with holes in the valence band. If...
germanium crystal
Germanium crystal refers to a crystalline form of the element germanium (Ge), which is a metalloid and semiconductor...
covalent crystal
A crystal formed by covalent bonds that are generally highly directional by nature. The electric characteristics of these...
carrier injection
Carrier injection refers to the process of introducing charge carriers (either electrons or holes) into a semiconductor...
functional material
Functional materials refer to materials that possess specific properties or functionalities that make them suitable for...
ion-beam sputtering
Ion-beam sputtering (IBS) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique used for depositing thin films onto substrates. It...
optical materials
Optical materials refer to substances or compounds specifically chosen for their optical properties and used in the...
homojunction
A junction between semiconductors that differ in their doping level conductivities but not in their atomic or alloy...
nonlinear optical materials
Nonlinear optical materials are substances that exhibit optical properties that are not linearly proportional to the...
excess noise factor
A factor, F, indicating the increase in shot noise in an avalanche photodiode as compared with the ideal multiplier, which...
photonic crystals
Photonic crystals are artificial structures or materials designed to manipulate and control the flow of light in a manner...
semiconductor
A semiconductor is a type of material that has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. In...
electronics
That branch of science involved in the study and utilization of the motion, emissions and behaviors of currents of...
stibine gas
The purest gas source of antimony, which is used in the manufacture of compound semiconductors for IR sensors and...

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