Menu
Photonics Media
Marketplace
Register
Login
Publications
News
Features
Products
Technologies
Media
Education
Careers
Webinars
Events
Subscribe
Advertise
About Us
Career Opportunities
Bookstore
Search
This Week in Photonics
All Things Photonics Podcast
Photonics Spectra
Newsletter
BioPhotonics
Newsletter
Vision Spectra Newsletter
EuroPhotonics
Newsletter
Photonics Showcase
Newsletter
Lasers Newsletter
Spectroscopy Newsletter
Imaging Newsletter
Optics Newsletter
Tradeshow Sneak Previews
Webinar Alerts
Photonics Media Bookstore Alert
Photonics Marketing Solutions
Technology Newsletters
ABOUT US
BOOKSTORE
SUBSCRIBE
ADVERTISE
Login
Register
PUBLICATIONS
Photonics Spectra
Vision Spectra
BioPhotonics
Photonics Showcase
Photonics Buyers' Guide
Photonics Handbook
Photonics Dictionary
Newsletters
NEWS
Latest News
Features
Business
Research & Technology
Editors' Picks
PRODUCTS
Latest Products
Photonics Showcase
Photonics ProdSpec
TECHNOLOGIES
Lasers
Optics
Imaging
Biophotonics
Sensors & Detectors
Test & Measurement
Light Sources
Fiber Optics
Spectroscopy
Microscopy
Materials & Coatings
WEBINARS
WHITE PAPERS
MEDIA
Podcasts
Videos
Webinars
EDU / CAREERS
Career Center
Handbook
Dictionary
What is Photonics?
Photonics Timeline
Laser Timeline
Laser Spectrum Chart
Educational Institutions
Teddi Laurin Scholarship
EVENTS
Photonics Spectra
Spectroscopy Conference
Photonics Media Events
Industry Event Calendar
Prism Awards
SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT
Interested in the future of spectroscopy?
Registration for the
Photonics Spectra
Spectroscopy Conference is open!
view all white papers and application notes
Sorry, but this white paper is no longer available
MORE FROM PHOTONICS MEDIA
Researchers Shrink Dimensions in Which Light Can Be Confined
The Rise of Embedded Vision Puts FPGAs in the Spotlight
Inspecting CMOS Image Sensors for Dirt and Defects
AI Detection and Tracking Software
Metalenses Scale Up to Target the Market for Small Optics
AIM Photonics Gets NY State Photonics Board Approval for $27.5M in Funding
Terms & Conditions
Privacy Policy
About Us
Contact Us
Our Publications
Photonics Spectra
BioPhotonics
Vision Spectra
Photonics Showcase
Photonics Buyers' Guide
Photonics Handbook
Photonics Dictionary
E-Newsletters
Sections
News
Features
Products
White Papers
Media
Light Matters Newscast
Webinars
Events & Courses Calendar
Browse by Subject
Lasers
Optics
Imaging
Biophotonics
Industrial
Sensors & Detectors
Test & Measurement
Light Sources
Fiber Optics
Spectroscopy
Microscopy
Materials & Coatings
Services
Subscribe
Login
Register
Advertise
Submit a Press Release
List in the Buyers' Guide
Buy Wall Charts
Terms & Conditions
Privacy Policy
California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
About Us
Career Opportunities
Contact Us
back to top
©2023 Photonics Media, 100 West St., Pittsfield, MA, 01201 USA,
[email protected]
x
We deliver – right to your inbox. Subscribe FREE to our newsletters.
We use cookies to improve user experience and analyze our website traffic as stated in our
Privacy Policy
. By using this website, you agree to the use of
cookies
unless you have disabled them.