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4 Photonics Projects Get Defense Funding

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WASHINGTON, June 3, 2014 — The U.S. Department of Defense has awarded funding totaling $28.3 million for four photonics graduate research projects under its Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative (MURI). Brief summaries of the projects follow. For further information on each project, follow the hyperlinks provided. • $7.5 million for study of photochemical and photophysical processes involving plasmonic nanoparticles. Potential applications include water remediation, sterilization, distillation and electric power generation. One project group will examine the charge and energy transfer...Read full article

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    Published: June 2014
    Glossary
    nano
    An SI prefix meaning one billionth (10-9). Nano can also be used to indicate the study of atoms, molecules and other structures and particles on the nanometer scale. Nano-optics (also referred to as nanophotonics), for example, is the study of how light and light-matter interactions behave on the nanometer scale. See nanophotonics.
    photonic crystals
    Photonic crystals are artificial structures or materials designed to manipulate and control the flow of light in a manner analogous to how semiconductors control the flow of electrons. Photonic crystals are often engineered to have periodic variations in their refractive index, leading to bandgaps that prevent certain wavelengths of light from propagating through the material. These bandgaps are similar in principle to electronic bandgaps in semiconductors. Here are some key points about...
    piezoelectric effect
    The interaction between electrical and mechanical stress-strain factors in a material. When piezoelectric crystal is compressed, an electrostatic voltage is generated across it, or when an electric field is applied, the crystal may expand or contract in particular directions.
    plasma
    A gas made up of electrons and ions.
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