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189 terms
Photonics Dictionary: D
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Doppler-Fizeau principle
The principle stating that the displacement of spectrum lines is determined by the distance between, and relative velocity of, the observer and the light source. When distance decreases, the lines of...
Doppler-spread imaging
An imaging process, similar to specific Doppler mapping radar techniques, that utilizes a laser, an optical imaging system, and a line array of photodetectors and spectrum analyzers. The laser...
dot matrix display
A display format consisting of small light-emitting elements arranged as a two-dimensional array. Various elements are energized to depict a character. The typical matrix is 5 x 7 dots.
double diffuse density
Measurement derived from calculation when incident flux of a negative is entirely diffuse and all radiation transmissions are included.
double refraction
The separation of unpolarized light into two plane-polarized elements by a doubly refracting crystal. When a crystal, such as calcite, is placed between the eye and a pinhole in a card, two bright...
double vision
A defect of a binocular instrument causing two images to be seen separately instead of being fused. It is caused when the optical axes of the two telescopes are not parallel. In minor cases, the eyes...
double-beam spectrophotometer
A spectrophotometer in which the beam emitted by the radiation source is split into beams that travel through the sample and a reference cell and are subsequently recombined to fall on the detector....
double-clad fiber
Double-clad fiber (DCF) is a specialized optical fiber that features two concentric cladding layers surrounding a core. The design of double-clad fibers allows them to be used in various...
double-exposure holography
The formation of an interferogram by means of two holograms on the same recording medium, often used for determining small changes in an object. One hologram produces a primary image that constitutes...
double-image prism
A prism block that, when used with a lens, is capable of forming two images of one object.
double-layer light amplifier
A device used to create a light output that exceeds light input, the energy being provided by an electric field. It consists of a photoconductive layer with an electroluminescent layer between plates...
double-pass transmittance hologram
A hologram having an object wave that has been transmitted through the transparent object media to a mirror, reflected again and recorded on a medium.
double-pulsed holographic interferometry
Interferometric measurement of the interference pattern recorded when a complex object is illuminated by two laser pulses that interfere and form the pattern to be evaluated.
double-pulsed holography
Holographic recording whereby the object is illuminated by two pulses, separated by a time interval, from a Q-switched laser source. Each pulse is divided into reference and object beams, and...
DPPM
dynamic pulse position modulation
DRA
discontinuously reinforced aluminum
DRAM
dynamic random access memory
drift scan
An astronomical scanning technique for capturing images of stars without moving the sensor. To perform a drift scan, a CCD sensor's readout rate must be synchronized with the motion of celestial...
driving current
The minimum electrical current input needed to initiate lasing.
dry objective
A microscope objective designed to be used without liquid between the cover glass and the objective, or, in the case of metallurgical objectives, between the objective and the specimen.
DSM
dynamic scattering mode
DT
digital tomography; distant terminal
dual inline package
A package for electronic components that is suited for automated assembly into printed circuit boards. The DIP is characterized by two rows of external connecting terminals or pins, which are...
dual laser
A gas laser equipped with Brewster windows and concave mirrors (having unlike reflective properties) at each end of the tube to produce two separate wavelengths at the same time.
duplex
In data communications, the simultaneous operation of a circuit in both directions is known as full duplex; if only one transmitter can send at a time, the system is called half duplex.
dust counter
An instrument that uses a photoelectric system to determine the size and volume of dust particles in a given unit of air.
dust counting microscope
A microscope that has been modified to permit the quantitative analysis of dust samples.
dust extinction
In atmospheric optics, the almost total blocking of light transmission in the atmosphere due to the scattering and absorption of the light by dust particles.
dye
->
laser dye
Class of organic dyes that emit coherent radiation over a wide spectral range.
dynamic beam correction
The superimposition of a pilot object on each hologram. The fixed relative position of the scanning and pilot beam during the recording process ensures that sensing and fixing the pilot beam position...
dynamic fatigue
Stress applied to an optical fiber at a constant rate.
dynamic light scattering spectroscopy
->
photon correlation spectroscopy
Spectroscopy used to study the concentration, diffusion and Brownian motion of small particles suspended in a fluid by measuring dynamic fluctuations of light that is scattered or fluoresced by the...
dynamic magneto-optical correlator
An optical correlator incorporating a binary phase-only spatial light modulator made from an iron garnet magneto-optic solid crystal and used in target recognition systems.
dynamic spectroscopy
A spectroscopic technique used to display the intensity of an optical pulse as functions of time and frequency simultaneously.
dynamic stare sensor
A type of mosaic detector array that combines features of scanning and staring sensors by using a small rapid scanning motion (see saccadic motion) over a few pixels at a time.
dynamic theory
The theoretical explanation and analysis of the interactions between electron waves and crystals used in studying electron diffraction.
dynamic variation
In electrical equipment, power variations that are temporary (as opposed to the permanent, cumulative effects of drift).
DYNAMO
dynamic magneto-optical correlator
dynode
The auxiliary electrode in a photomultiplier that gives rise to secondary emission and amplification when bombarded by photoelectrons.
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Photonics Dictionary
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