Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a therapeutic approach that utilizes the combination of light, a photosensitizer, and molecular oxygen to induce cell death or inactivate microorganisms. This technique is commonly applied in the fields of medicine...

A fiber optic preform is a cylindrical glass rod or tube used as the starting material for manufacturing optical fibers. It...

A blur circle refers to the out-of-focus region in an image captured by an optical system. When an object in a scene is not...

A false image in television that follows the desired image so closely that it appears to be smeared.

Piezoelectric transducers are devices that utilize the piezoelectric effect to convert electrical energy into mechanical...

A quantum repeater is a crucial component in quantum communication networks, designed to extend the range over which quantum...

In optics, a motion controller refers to a device or system that precisely controls the movement of optical components, such...

Photovoltaic (PV) refers to a technology that converts sunlight directly into electricity using semiconductors. The term...

The action of a biological system responding to a single or multiple coherent particles of light produced from a laser...

A technique for creating optimal performance in a system by producing a specific beam irradiance distribution, usually...

An individual circuit component, complete in itself, such as a resistor, diode, capacitor or transistor. It is used as an...

An isotope of cesium that emits negative beta particles and has a half-life of 2.19 years; its applications include...

In chemistry, a halide refers to a chemical compound containing one or more halogen atoms bonded to another element. The...

An alteration in magnification from the center of the field to any point in the field, measured in a radial direction from...

Hyperspectral resolution refers to the level of detail or granularity in the spectral information captured by a...

This term literally means "to lag behind.'' It is quite often used to describe the residual effect that remains after...

Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology that belongs to the powder bed...

A liquid crystal light valve (LCLV), also known as a spatial light modulator (SLM), is an optical device that modulates the...

Plasmonics is a field of science and technology that focuses on the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and free...

A telescope lens is a primary optical component of a telescope system that gathers and focuses light to form an image. It is...

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method of secure communication that utilizes principles from quantum mechanics to...

A solar simulator is a device used to replicate the spectrum and intensity of sunlight in a controlled environment for...

AC thin film electroluminescent (ACTFEL) display devices are a type of flat-panel display technology that uses...

A computer-generated hologram (CGH) is a holographic image produced using computational methods and algorithms, rather than...

A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is a compact and integrated device that incorporates multiple photonic components and...

A nanotube, also known as a nanotubule or simply a tube-like structure, is a nanoscale cylindrical structure composed of...

The determination of what, how much and in what proportions chemicals must be combined to produce the desired reactions and...

An organizational method used in optical design computer programs. The technique produces one number (merit function) to...

Topological photonics is a branch of physics and optics that explores the application of topological concepts to the...

Any optical transmission channel used in telecommunications designed to connect two end terminals or to be connected in...

Metabolic imaging refers to the visualization and quantification of metabolic processes within living organisms, tissues, or...

A Fresnel lens is a type of optical lens that consists of a series of concentric grooves or steps carved into a flat, thin...

A reticle, also known as a reticule or graticule, is a pattern or set of markings placed in the focal plane of an optical...

Nonvolatile memory express (NVMe) is a high-performance, scalable host controller interface designed for accessing...

An optical probe is a device equipped with optical components such as lenses, fibers, or detectors, designed to transmit and...

The process whereby a blank or disc is heated to a sufficiently high temperature to sag into a mold having a desired...

A device that combines electronic and optical techniques to form a monitored infrared signal between 1 and 14 µm. It...

Plastic optics refers to optical components or systems that are made from transparent plastic materials, as opposed to...

An optical combiner, in the context of optics and display technologies, refers to a device or component that combines...

Optical fiber is a thin, flexible, transparent strand or filament made of glass or plastic used for transmitting light...

A controlled random search process, such as generalized simulated annealing, that has been incorporated into many optical...

Multi-axis alignment refers to the process of aligning or adjusting components or systems in multiple spatial dimensions or...

Volume Bragg gratings (VBGs) are specialized optical elements that consist of periodic variations in refractive index...

Absolute colorimetric refers to a color management rendering intent used in color profiles and conversion processes,...

An f-theta lens, also known as an f-theta scan lens or simply an f-theta lens system, is a specialized optical component...

In a camera or cathode-ray tube, distortion that is designated by a lateral skewing of the reproduced image.

A beam shaper is an optical device or system designed to modify the spatial profile or intensity distribution of a laser or...

Piezoelectric motion systems are mechanical systems that utilize piezoelectric materials to generate controlled motion or...

Adaptive deconvolution is a computational method that aims to improve the resolution and fidelity of signals or images that...

Acoustical holography is a technique used to visualize and analyze sound fields in three-dimensional space. It involves...

1. A device designed to convert the energy of incident radiation into another form for the determination of the presence of...

An optical channel monitor (OCM) is a device used in optical communication systems to monitor and analyze the performance of...

Multimodal vision-language models (MVLMs) are advanced AI systems designed to understand and process information that...

A container designed to hold recording material (film, video- and audiotape) so that when it is loaded into a recording...

1. With respect to angular subtense, a source of light, such as a star, that is very small. In a lab, a point source may be...

Pyramid error in optics refers to an aberration in the shape of an optical surface, particularly in the context of mirrors....

The use of computer analysis in the calculation of diffraction patterns for information on the design of optical systems. In...

An absorption lens is a type of optical lens that not only focuses or diverges light but also significantly absorbs certain...

Virtual reality (VR) is a computer-generated simulation of a three-dimensional environment or experience that can be...

Film designed especially for the needs and conditions encountered in aerial photography. It is produced in a variety of...

An active-cavity radiometer is a highly sensitive instrument used to measure radiant energy (power per unit area), often in...

The Higgs boson is a fundamental particle associated with the Higgs field, a field that permeates the universe and is...

An alexandrite laser is a solid-state laser that utilizes a synthetic crystal made from the rare earth element alexandrite...

Also known as single plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), this process was designed for imaging of sensitive samples and...

A dichroic mirror, also known as a dichroic beamsplitter or interference filter beamsplitter, is an optical device that...

1. A single unit in a device for changing radiant energy to electrical energy or for controlling current flow in a circuit....

1. A device used to trace out an object and build up an image. One of the most common of these types is video scanning. The...

A cryostat is a device used to maintain very low temperatures, typically below the boiling point of liquid nitrogen (77 K or...

A coating applied to a neutral density glass that is designed to reduce the amount of light evenly across the transmitted...

1. An eyepiece or magnifier with a scale at its image plane. That scale is placed in contact with an object, permitting...

The use of a tightly focused beam of electrons to drill minute holes in substances. The drilling is accomplished by the...

An ablative wall flashlamp typically refers to a type of flashlamp used in certain high-energy laser systems. ...

A vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) is a type of semiconductor laser diode that emits light vertically from the...

A Huygenian eyepiece containing a pointer at its focal plane that is used -- when viewing an object through the eyepiece --...

Liquid marble refers to a unique form of microscale liquid encapsulation, where small droplets of liquid are coated with a...

An infrared light-emitting diode (IR LED) is a semiconductor device that emits infrared light when an electric current...

A multihaul transceiver is an optical transceiver module designed to support multiple network architectures or transmission...

A television system designed to obtain pictures of objects or scenes beneath the surface of the water. Generally, a...

Micro-LED (micro-light-emitting diode) refers to a technology that involves the use of very small light-emitting diodes to...

Two-photon polymerization (TPP) is a technique used in additive manufacturing, specifically in the field of 3D printing. It...

Quantum dot thin films refer to thin layers or coatings composed of quantum dots deposited onto a substrate surface. Quantum...

A reagent is a substance or compound that is used in a chemical reaction to bring about a specific transformation or to...

The impurity added to a substance to produce desired properties in the substance.

Die bonding is a critical process in semiconductor manufacturing and microelectronics assembly, where a semiconductor die or...

A casting consisting of an optical material molded into the desired geometry for grinding, polishing or, in the case of...

An image with variations in density due to the differential scattering ability of microscopic bubbles in a transparent layer.

A grating beamsplitter is an optical device that utilizes the principles of diffraction to split a beam of light into...

Phototheranostics, a portmanteau of "photo" (light), "therapy," and "diagnostics," refers to an emerging field that combines...

An optical accumulator is a concept or device that collects and stores optical energy or data for subsequent use. This can...

A coupling mechanism designed to quickly lock a connector into an adaptor or a lens into a lens mount. Typically coupling is...

A passive optical network (PON) is a telecommunications network architecture that uses optical fibers and passive optical...

A lock-in amplifier is a specialized electronic instrument used to extract and measure small signals embedded in noise or...

A polishing machine designed to permit adjustment of the polisher speed and motion for the control of flat surfaces.

A pentaprism is a five-sided glass prism used in optical devices, particularly in SLR cameras, to deviate the path of light...

Absolute white is a term used in color science and imaging to describe a reference white point that represents the...

A category of systems designed to communicate a photo taken from the air (e.g., aircraft, balloon, satellite) to a ground...

A device designed to convert linear change in the light state at input to log data at output.

In various fields such as fluid dynamics, microfluidics, and biotechnology, a flow channel refers to a defined pathway...

An instrument designed to analyze the optical effects of color.

Gold colloid aggregates refer to clusters or assemblies of gold nanoparticles suspended in a liquid medium. These aggregates...

A Rugate filter is a type of optical filter that is designed to have a continuously varying refractive index profile...

An image intensifier, also known as an image intensification tube or image intensification device, is a specialized...

Carbonization is a process in which organic materials are heated in the absence of air, leading to the decomposition of the...

A detector array refers to a collection of individual detector elements arranged in a two-dimensional grid or matrix format....

1. A defect inherent in a multiple-axis positioning system whereby an adjustment of one axis causes an undesired change in...

Actinic refers to the property of radiation, particularly ultraviolet (UV) light, that can cause photochemical reactions. ...

Gram-negative bacteria are a group of bacteria that possess a cell envelope composed of a thin layer of peptidoglycan...

A type of glass that includes phosphorus pentoxide and that, unlike silica-based glass, is resistant to hydrofluoric acid.

Optical cements and adhesives are specialized materials used in the assembly and bonding of optical components in optical...

Freeform mirrors refer to reflective optical components that deviate from traditional symmetric or rotationally symmetric...

An abridged spectrophotometer refers to a simplified or compact version of a traditional spectrophotometer, which is a...

Also referred to as a band-stop or band rejection filter; a notch filter is a filter that is designed to screen out a very...

An instrument designed to collect naturally formed extraterrestrial electromagnetic radiation within the radio frequency...

Data analysis software is a category of software tools used for the systematic examination of data sets to uncover patterns,...

The alignment process that makes the optical axes of two related systems parallel to each other. Also, making the optical...

Potential alternative to the conventional pulse approximation method of digital image processing because of its highly...

A well plate, also known as a microplate or microtiter plate, is a flat plate with multiple small wells or depressions...

A fiber-coupled photoconductive antenna (FCPA) is a type of optoelectronic device that combines a photoconductive antenna...

Common name for a variety of adhesives used for lens bonding, fiber optic splicing and other photonics applications. The...

The parallel resistance and capacitance appearing between the active guard ring junctions in a silicon photodiode.

Second-order nonlinear optical properties refer to a class of phenomena exhibited by certain materials in response to...

A photomask, also known simply as a mask or reticle, is a key component in the photolithography process used in...

For a laser, the maximum exposure time that the laser design allows; 0.25 seconds for a Class 2 laser.

Metamaterials are artificial materials engineered to have properties not found in naturally occurring substances. These...

A mechanical device designed to smoothly vary the effective diameter of a lens, thereby controlling the amount of light...

Phototherapy is a medical treatment that involves the use of light to treat various conditions, particularly those related...

Cell adhesion refers to the process by which cells interact and attach to neighboring cells or to the extracellular matrix...

The quarter video graphics array (QVGA) is a display resolution standard used in video graphics, particularly in LCD...

1. That action occurring when light passes through an optical interface at other than normal incidence, i.e., refraction. 2....

A value used to designate the relative sensitivity of a detector. The higher the D* value, the better the detector.

An actinometer is a device used to measure the intensity of radiation, particularly solar radiation or light, often with a...

Diffractive optical processors are optical devices that utilize diffractive optics principles to perform various...

Photobleaching is a phenomenon in which the fluorescence of a fluorophore (a fluorescent molecule or dye) is permanently...

In the context of electronics and optics, an isolator refers to a device that allows the transmission of signals in one...

Cresyl violet, also known as cresyl violet acetate or cresyl echt violet, is a synthetic organic compound belonging to the...

A nonabsorbing, multireflecting device, similar in design to the Fabry-Perot interferometer, that serves as a multilayer,...

An achromat, in the context of optics, refers to a type of lens or lens system designed to reduce chromatic aberration....

Camera designed for the imaging of the earth's surface in order to obtain high quality aerial images

Anisotropic is a term used to describe a material or substance that exhibits different properties or behaviors in different...

An instrument designed to measure the proportion of light emitted by a source in the blue region of the spectrum.

In a laser, a measure of the device's ability to dissipate internally generated heat.

Hydrophilic is a term used to describe substances or materials that have an affinity for water. The word hydrophilic comes...

A vortex phase plate is an optical device designed to impart a phase singularity, commonly referred to as a vortex or phase...

An axicon is a type of optical component characterized by its conical shape and its ability to transform a collimated...

Differential mode delay (DMD) is a parameter used to characterize the propagation characteristics of optical fibers,...

A time-to-amplitude converter (TAC) is an electronic circuit that converts a time interval between two events into an...

A galvanometric scanner, also known as a galvanometer scanner or galvo scanner, is a type of optical scanning device used to...

Quantum efficiency (QE) is a measure of the effectiveness with which a device or system, typically in the context of...

A waveguide is a physical structure or device that is designed to confine and guide electromagnetic waves, such as radio...

The field of view (FOV) refers to the extent of the observable world or the visible area that can be seen at any given...

Phase matching is a crucial concept in the field of optics, particularly in nonlinear optics and the generation of coherent...

A theoretical, ideal lens capable of producing perfect images. Used as a lens design and analysis tool to image collimated...

A servo, short for servomechanism or servo motor, is a closed-loop control system that precisely controls the position,...

The absolute luminance threshold is the lowest luminance level of a light source or illuminated object that can be detected...

Cell migration refers to the process by which cells move from one location to another within tissues or across biological...

A lithography method that allows the transfer of fine-pitch gratings from a phase mask into photoresist. The exposure takes...

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an analytical technique that combines the principles of Raman spectroscopy...

A read-out integrated circuit (ROIC) is an electronic device used in imaging systems, particularly in infrared (IR) and...

A laser crystal, also known as an active medium or gain medium, is a solid-state material used in the construction of...

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows for high-resolution, in vivo imaging...

A frame grabber is a hardware device or interface card that connects to a computer or imaging system and is designed to...

The study of the effects of light on the growth and development of various plants.

A fiber optic attenuator is a passive optical component designed to attenuate or decrease the intensity of an optical signal...

A femtosecond laser is a type of laser that emits ultrashort pulses of light with durations on the order of femtoseconds,...

The process, used with a positive photoresist, in which the photoresist is immersed in developing chemicals while being...

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipment refers to a class of specialized apparatus used in the process of chemical vapor...

A FAC lens, or fast axis collimation lens, is an optical component used in laser diode systems to collimate the fast axis of...

Beam profiling is a technique used to characterize and analyze the spatial intensity distribution of a laser beam. It...

Mode hopping in the context of lasers refers to a phenomenon where a laser system abruptly switches from one longitudinal...

A photoconductive cell having cadmium sulfide as its photoconducting material for the production of a very high dark-light...

Surface-mount LEDs (SMD LEDs) are light-emitting diodes designed for mounting directly onto the surface of printed circuit...

The ability of a device to operate without electromagnetically interfering with the operation of nearby equipment and...

A single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is a specialized type of photodetector designed to detect extremely weak optical...

Also known as HCS, an analytical method designed to collect statistically relevant amounts of quantitative data on many...

Ultraviolet (UV) coatings are specialized optical coatings designed to operate in the ultraviolet region of the...

A laser that has a surface-emitting semiconductor gain element coupled to an external mirror designed to complete the laser...

GigE, short for gigabit Ethernet, refers to a standard for high-speed Ethernet communication, capable of transmitting data...

An optical grating, in the context of optics and physics, refers to a device with a periodic structure of closely spaced,...

A spectrophotometer designed for use in the 200- to 380-nm range of the electromagnetic spectrum and equipped with a...

An oven or furnace that possesses the design requirements and heat control necessary to anneal glass for the optical...

Laser annealing is a process that involves using a laser beam to heat and modify the microstructure of a material, typically...

Spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) is an optical microscopy technique that belongs to the category of quantitative...

A lens that has a mount, usually bayonet or screw type in design, that can be used on a camera in place of lenses with the...

A direct recording photometer that is designed to scan a photographic negative to determine its points of isodensity.

Fresnel reflection refers to the reflection of light at the interface between two different media with different refractive...

The range of materials that, unlike glass, may be used in the infrared. Water-soluble salts, such as cesium iodide, and...

The pattern, formed by a character generation cathode-ray tube system, in which the characters are made up of wave shapes...

The frequency domain is a concept used in signal processing and analysis to represent signals and data in terms of their...

An aplanatic surface is an optical surface that is specifically designed or shaped to minimize spherical aberration and...

The electrical resistance between two points of a conductor when a constant difference of potential of one volt, applied...

In semiconductor physics, the term bandgap refers to the energy range in a material where no electronic states are allowed....

A crystal, glass, or quartz slicing and cutting machine is a specialized piece of equipment used in the manufacturing...

A lens blank is a piece of optical material in a raw, unfinished state, typically in the form of a disk or block, from which...

The change in position of the image of a sine wave object from its ideal position. Usually measured in degrees with...

Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the manipulation and control of very small fluid volumes, typically...

A transformer that is designed to regulate the amount of current that passes through an electron tube's filament.

Time-resolved ultraviolet photodissociation mass spectrometry (TR-UV-PDMS) is a specialized analytical technique used in...

A lens, one surface being a cartesian oval, that produces an aplanatic condition.

An adhesive that permanently sets or hardens at a specified high temperature. Methacrylate is an example of a thermosetting...

A fish-eye lens designed to photograph cloud formations over the entire visible sky.

Characteristic of optical analyses that are limited to infinitesimally small apertures. Also called first-order or Gaussian...

An instrument designed to produce an x-ray spectrum of a material as an aid in identifying it. This technique is...

Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is an advanced fluorescence microscopy technique that leverages the...

A linear computation or algorithm performed on a selected series in the form of an input signal that produces a new series...

A permanent, transparent, and highly transmissive adhesive capable of withstanding extreme temperatures that is applied to...

The term gradient-index profile refers to a specific type of refractive index distribution within an optical material. In...

A set of algorithms used to study the structural and spatial characteristics of objects in a digitized image for...

The term reflective is an adjective that describes the ability of a surface or material to reflect light or other forms of...

A hypercentric lens refers to a lens system where the chief rays of light from an object are directed through the center of...

A method of determining the abrasion resistance of very hard materials by passing a weighted wiper blade across them in a...

An instrument designed to measure radiation indirectly through the use of several phosphors and a photomultiplier tube. The...

A component used to modify light rays by diffraction; the HOE is produced by recording the interference pattern of two laser...

Laser viewing cards, also known as laser alignment cards or laser safety cards, are specialized cards or sheets designed to...

Laser kiss cutting is a technique used in manufacturing and fabrication processes, particularly in industries like...

Thin-film deposition is a process used to deposit a thin layer of material onto a substrate surface, typically ranging from...

A device, consisting of a diode activated by an interference pulse, that is designed to minimize the white spots on a...

A material used to jacket fiber optic cables. It is chemical- and moisture-resistant, but not fire-resistant.

A method of synthesis for crystals such as KTP. The process involves the use of a high-temperature solution called flux to...

An event-based image sensor, also known as a dynamic vision sensor (DVS), is a type of digital imaging device designed to...

Modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) is a technique used in the fabrication of optical fibers. It is a specialized form...

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is a manufacturing process that builds three-dimensional objects...

An ammonia maser is a device that amplifies microwave radiation using ammonia gas molecules in a process analogous to how...

An optical assembly refers to a collection of optical components that are carefully arranged and aligned to perform a...

A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is a miniaturized device that integrates various laboratory functions and capabilities onto a single,...

Camera Link HS (high speed) is a standard developed for high-speed digital data transmission in machine vision and...

Silicon carbide (SiC) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric current is...

A colorless, crystalline compound whose low refractive index (n = 1.38) makes it effective as a lens antireflection coating...

A fluorophore is a molecule or a portion of a molecule that has the ability to emit light upon excitation by an external...

Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique used to determine the molecular composition and structure of compounds...

A microscope objective designed to be used without liquid between the cover glass and the objective, or, in the case of...

A helium-neon (HeNe) laser is a type of gas laser that emits visible red light at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. It operates...

The heat-affected zone (HAZ) refers to the portion of a material, typically metal, that experiences changes in its...

Spherical or chromatic aberration in a lens having a wide aperture. It is present because the refracting power varies for...

Double-clad fiber (DCF) is a specialized optical fiber that features two concentric cladding layers surrounding a core. The...

A fiber optic spectrometer is a device used for measuring the spectral content of light. It utilizes optical fibers to...

Laser active elements typically refers to the substances or materials within a laser system that play a critical role in the...

The electrical power used to stimulate any light source. Power supplies may be step-up or step-down transformers; rectifiers...

An electron-gun system is an assembly used to generate and control a focused beam of electrons. Electron guns find...

An optical table, also known as an optical bench or an optical breadboard, is a specialized platform used in optics...

A machine vision lens is a specialized optical lens designed for use in machine vision systems, which are used for automated...

A method used to detect internal or residual microstresses in a material by using a laser beam to locate changes in...

An electro-optic modulator (EOM) is a device used to modulate the amplitude, phase, or polarization of light waves using an...

1. That branch of optics that illustrates the theory in which q is substituted for sin q in Snell's law. Effective results...

An achromatic lens is a type of optical lens designed to minimize chromatic aberration, which is the inability of a lens to...

An inspection device in which the profile of a mechanical part is projected onto a ground-glass screen at a precisely known...

A coherent fiber bundle (CFB), also known as a coherent fiber optic bundle, is an assembly of multiple optical fibers...

A crystalline-quartz plate designed according to specifications but having its two major faces parallel.

Colorless crystals used in photoelectric cells and for photosensitive material in cathodes.

An edge-emitting light-emitting diode is a type of LED structure where light emission occurs primarily along the edge of the...

A miniature projecting device designed to enhance and reproduce the image generated by a smaller image-forming instrument....

Gyroscopy refers to the principles and applications of gyroscopes, devices that measure or maintain orientation based on the...

The use of lasers in tailoring of such components as thin-film resistors. The process improves speed and accuracy.

A device designed to enlarge the image of a microscopic object by television process. It may be a flying spot scanner that...

A prism system designed to produce a very high dispersion of light.

A device that is designed to automatically turn electric lamps on and off in a rapidly repeating sequence. The device may...

The adhesion of two sufficiently clean and close-fitting surfaces without the use of cement or glue. The optically contacted...

A specific type of photographic plate designed with only a small amount of gelatin to function in the extreme ultraviolet...

A metalens, short for "metasurface lens," is a type of optical lens that uses nanostructured materials to manipulate light...

1. Generally, an emulsion mask having a clean annular region in an otherwise opaque region. It is designed to eliminate...

Automatic current control (ACC) refers to a system or mechanism designed to regulate and maintain a desired level of...

The positive ion current created in an electron tube as a result of the collisions between electrons and residual gas...

A device that is designed to modulate a beam of light, usually from a laser source, by acting upon the beam directly. The...

A photographic objective that uses the thick meniscus principle to obtain its power. It is designed to photograph small...

Enantiomers are a pair of molecules that are non-superimposable mirror images of each other, similar to left and right...

Participates in a reaction only in the presence of light and radiant energy. Besides 3D printing, photoreactive agents also...

A repeater that is designed for digital transmission. Also called a regenerator.

An Abbe-Porro prism, often referred to simply as a Porro prism, is an optical prism used in binoculars and other optical...

A fiber optic cable assembly refers to a complete unit consisting of optical fibers, connectors, protective jackets, and...

Computerized lens design algorithm that permits the lens MTF characteristic to be included and controlled during the...

Gram-positive bacteria are a group of bacteria that have a thick cell wall composed primarily of a substance called...

A two-mirror lens design used in astronomical telescopes, the primary being a parabola, the secondary a smaller hyperbola....

Schrödinger's cat is a thought experiment devised by the physicist Erwin Schrödinger in 1935 to illustrate the...

A technique, involving spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet, that is designed to determine the colors of thin-layer...

An optical diffuser is an optical component or material designed to scatter or diffuse light that passes through it. It is...

Plasmon ion-assisted deposition (PIAD) is a technique used in thin-film deposition processes, particularly in the production...

A tough, durable, heat- and cold-resistant optical quality plastic used in injection-molded items such as streetlight...

A mechanism in a camera designed to position the film in the focal plane for exposure.

Biomimicry, or biomimetic design, is the practice of emulating natural processes, systems, and structures found in...

A Nernst glower, also known simply as a Nernst lamp or Nernst filament, is a type of incandescent lamp or radiant heater...

RGB stands for red, green, blue, which are the primary colors of light used in additive color mixing. The RGB color model is...

The lowest order mode of a waveguide. In fibers, the mode designated LP01 or HE11.

Of or pertaining to the methods of the French philosopher Rene Descartes. Refers to the standard orthogonal X-Y-Z coordinate...

A molded lens is an optical lens manufactured using a molding process, typically involving the shaping of a material, such...

Material hardness scale that is used to characterize the scratch resistance of various materials. This surface hardness...

The focal length of a lens is the distance between the lens's optical center (or principal point) and the image sensor or...

A microdisplay is a miniature electronic display technology that is designed to project visual information onto a small...

A camera tube similar in design to the iconoscope. However, the image formed in the image iconoscope is projected on a...

Modal bandwidth is a crucial parameter in optical fiber communication systems, particularly in multimode fiber (MMF)...

Polymers are large molecules composed of repeating structural units called monomers. These monomers are chemically bonded...

Machine vision lighting refers to the use of specific lighting techniques and equipment in the field of machine vision,...

A network interface card (NIC), also known as a network adapter or LAN adapter, is a hardware component that allows...

The testing by hypothesizing a likely crystal structure, computing a test x-ray diffraction pattern and comparing this to...

Zerodur is a type of glass ceramic material known for its exceptional thermal and mechanical properties, particularly its...

Carbon fullerenes are a class of carbon-based molecules composed entirely of carbon atoms arranged in a hollow, closed,...

Diffraction efficiency is a measure of how effectively a diffractive optical element (DOE) or diffraction grating directs...

A gauge designed to measure the degree of vacuum in an evacuated vessel. A simple U-tube containing mercury is adequate for...

A vacuum gauge designed to measure very high degrees of vacuum by thermal conduction.

A laser diode module is a compact device that incorporates a laser diode, optics, and often other components into a single...

The distance between the center of the two concentric circles of an optical fiber that designate the diameter of the...

A Risley prism, also known as a Risley prism pair or Risley rotating prism, is an optical device used for controlling the...

A vacuum chamber is a sealed enclosure from which air and other gases are removed to create a low-pressure environment,...

1. The characteristic of how light propagates through a waveguide that can be designated by a radiation pattern in a plane...

Optical design software refers to specialized computer programs used by optical engineers, physicists, and designers to...

A holographic camera, also known as a holographic imaging system or holographic recorder, is a specialized device used to...

An instrument designed to measure the refractive power and range of accommodation of the eye. See ophthalmic instruments.

Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) is a display technology that combines liquid crystal materials with silicon-based...

A digital camera is a device that captures and records still images or video in digital format. Unlike traditional film...

Diamond turning, also known as diamond machining or diamond cutting, is a precision machining process used to produce...

An instrument designed to give precise and rapid detection of changes in tumor growth as well as the location of small...

A lamp that emits light as the result of the passage of an electrical current through ionized cesium vapor.

A camera designed with a telecentric optical system and a narrow field of view; the telecentric optical system (placement of...

A single-anode mercury pool tube that is designed to maintain a continuous cathode spot.

A colorimeter is a device used to measure and quantify the color characteristics of an object or a light source. It provides...

Thermal interface materials (TIMs) are substances or compounds used to enhance the thermal conductivity between two surfaces...

The field of photography concerned with the recording of subjects beneath the water with a watertight, water-resistant...

An atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) is an analytical instrument used to determine the concentration of specific chemical...

A type of radiation detector designed to recognize nonlinear optical effects, such as the Raman effect, by means of a...

Anisotropy refers to the property of exhibiting different values or characteristics when measured in different directions....

An assembly of prototype instruments, equipment and/or software designed to perform all the functions of a concept or idea...

A type of tubing used to protect optical fiber cables, consisting of a wire spiral of aluminum, galvanized steel or...

The adjustment of the eyepiece of an instrument to provide accommodation for the eyesight differences of individual...

A scintillation crystal, also known simply as a scintillator, is a material that emits light when it interacts with ionizing...

A thermoplastic, self-extinguishing polymer with excellent high-temperature, low-creep and arc resistance properties.

Flow chemistry, also known as continuous-flow chemistry, is a chemical manufacturing process where reactions take place in a...

Accessible emission typically refers to the portion of emitted radiation (light, particles, etc.) from a source that can be...

Chirped mirrors are optical devices designed to manipulate the spectral properties of ultrashort laser pulses. They consist...

A GRIN (gradient index) lens is a type of optical lens that utilizes a gradient in refractive index across its volume rather...

The term photochemical pertains to chemical processes or reactions that are initiated or influenced by the absorption of...

Piezoresistance is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where the electrical resistance of a material changes in...

An acoustic surface wave, often abbreviated as ASW, is a type of mechanical wave that travels along the surface of a...

Back-side illumination (BSI) is a technology used in imaging sensors, particularly in digital cameras, where the light is...

A crucible made of electrically resistive material through which a current is passed to heat the material inside, which then...

An optical instrument designed to permit the visual examination of the interior of the bronchi.

A mixed-signal oscilloscope (MSO) is a type of electronic test instrument that combines the capabilities of both a...

A device designed to measure electromotive force or electrical difference potential.

Sets of paired lines carefully designed to give the most accurate pointing possible for various lengths of sight.

An infrared light source is a device that emits light in the infrared spectrum, which lies beyond the visible spectrum of...

Optical manufacturing tools and machinery encompass a wide range of equipment, instruments, and systems used in the...

Instantaneous field of view (iFOV) is a term commonly used in the context of remote sensing, imaging systems, and optical...

An optical clock is a highly precise and advanced timekeeping device that relies on the oscillations of electromagnetic...

A linear image sensor is a type of solid-state electronic device used to capture and convert light into electrical signals....

CoaXPress (CoaXPress or CXP) is a standardized digital interface and communication protocol used primarily in machine vision...

Directed energy refers to a type of energy that is emitted and transferred in a controlled direction. The term is often...

Attenuation refers to the gradual loss or reduction of intensity, force, or magnitude of a particular property as it...

A lens with aberrations corrected to the point that residual wavefront errors are substantially less than one-quarter the...

A three-axis stage, also known as a three-axis positioning stage, is a precision mechanical device designed to control the...

A term pertaining to devices (generally optical) designed for use with both eyes viewing through a single exit pupil. The...

Diamond turning refers to a precision machining process used to produce complex optical components, particularly lenses and...

A material property that is the inverse of its resistance to the flow of electricity.

Diffraction is a fundamental wave phenomenon that occurs when a wave encounters an obstacle or aperture, causing the wave to...

Abaxial spherical aberration, also called oblique spherical aberration, refers to a specific type of optical aberration that...

A machine vision technique of image correlation whereby the correlation kernel (template of the desired image) is...

Designation for the fundamental mode of an optical fiber.

An optical instrument designed to displace the line of sight in a vertical direction. For submarines and other military uses...

A binocular microscope designed for the viewing of stereo pairs. As these stereoscopic image pairs are seen through a...

Pathogenesis refers to the process by which a disease develops and progresses within an organism. It encompasses the...

A GaAlAs laser is a type of semiconductor laser diode that emits light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic...

Optical elements that have been coated with one or more layers of dielectric, or metallic material. These coatings serve to...

A spectrophotometer specially designed to measure spectral reflectance.

An instrument designed to give a visual indication to the pilot when the plane has strayed from a specific flight path.

In the context of a laser diode, the active region is a critical part of the device where the primary light generation...

Acrylic refers to a type of synthetic polymer material known for its versatility, clarity, and durability. It is commonly...

Material used to integrate photoconductors into electro-optical systems. It should provide low resistance to the flow of...

A photoconductive cell consisting of a layer of selenium on a substrate whose electrical resistance varies with the...

Calorimetry is a branch of science that involves the measurement of heat flow in physical or chemical processes. It...

1. A lens formed to a desired curve and used to form a polisher. 2. A piece of glass included in a block to fill out the...

An acid-resistant, lustrous volcanic glass, usually black or banded.

A cathode principally designed to emit a photoelectric current.

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a nanolithography technique used for fabricating nanoscale patterns on a substrate. It is a...

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing process that involves creating three-dimensional...

Instrumentation designed to permit the perception, recording or measurement of scenes under conditions of low incident...

A device designed to concentrate and direct a light source by enclosing the source in it and using a concave reflector to...

An optical instrument designed for the visual examination of the inside of the stomach.

Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) is an optical communication technique used to increase the data-carrying...

A camera designed to record astronomical objects (e.g., stars, planets, nebulae, galaxies) and their spectra.

A camera that permits adjustments in the perspective of an image; this is accomplished by the camera design, which permits...

Power modulation refers to the intentional variation of power levels in a signal, often in the context of electronic...

Inductance is a fundamental property of an electrical circuit or component that describes its ability to store energy in a...

A densitometer having a receiver that indicates when a desired radiation level has been attained.

An imaging system designed to highlight small deviations in a planar reflective object such as a mirror. The system can be...

An InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) camera is a type of imaging device that utilizes InGaAs sensors to capture images in the...

Alternating current (AC) is an electrical current in which the direction of flow of electric charge periodically reverses....

Laser materials processing refers to a diverse set of manufacturing techniques that utilize lasers to modify, cut, weld,...

The formation of transistors, diodes, capacitors, resistors and other electronic elements directly on a flake of silicon by...

A solid with a structure that exhibits a basically symmetrical and geometrical arrangement. A crystal may already possess...

Designed to observe objects below the surface of water. Not to be confused with hygroscopic.

A lumen is a unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of luminous flux, which is the perceived power of light. In...

Design and engineering consulting services refer to professional services provided by specialized firms or individuals to...

A mid-infrared camera is a type of imaging device designed to capture images in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectral range,...

A polarizing beamsplitting prism similar in design to the Rochon prism. However, the Senarmont transmits the extraordinary...

An active matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display is a type of flat-panel display technology that combines the...

A phototube having a cesium-coated cathode that has its greatest sensitivity in the infrared region.

A holographic grating is a type of diffraction grating that is produced using holographic recording techniques. It consists...

Advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) refers to a set of safety features and technologies designed to assist drivers in...

A color filter that is designed to gradually increase or decrease its absorption with wavelength.

A phage, short for bacteriophage, is a type of virus that infects and replicates within bacteria. Phages are composed of...

The surface curvature designed to reduce the marginal error found in the periphery of a spectacle lens.

Glass of special composition that is melted, formed into desired shapes, and subjected to a high-temperature treatment in...

A fiber optic imaging bundle is a specialized optical device composed of multiple optical fibers bundled together. Each...

A microscope design that involves apertures inserted in conjugate plane positions inside the microscope, with one aperture...

A microcomb, short for microresonator frequency comb, is a novel photonic device that generates a precise series of evenly...

An AI system-on-chip (SoC) is an integrated circuit that integrates hardware components optimized for performing AI...

An optical scanning device designed to read information printed in the form of bars of different size by detection and...

1. The grinding or edging of a lens so that the geometrical center and optical center do not coincide. 2. The shifting of an...

Medical lasers are devices that produce intense beams of light with specific characteristics and properties, which are used...

A combination spectrometer and bolometer that is designed to measure a narrow band of radiation from a star.

A gauge designed to measure high degrees of vacuum. It consists of a glass bulb attached to the vacuum vessel, the...

Lithography is a key process used in microfabrication and semiconductor manufacturing to create intricate patterns on the...

Optical memory is a type of data storage technology that uses light to read and write information. It typically involves the...

Laser sintering is an additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology that involves using a laser to selectively fuse...

A frame taken to identify electronic noise in a CCD imaging device. A dark frame is recorded without exposing the CCD to any...

Micro-robotics refers to the field of robotics that involves the design, development, and application of miniature robotic...

An electric arc that is formed in mercury vapor through which an electric current flows. The intensity of the illumination...

In polarization-preserving optical fibers, the element used to induce birefringence. The SAP is highly doped to provide a...

The distortion of an object's true image as the result of abnormal atmospheric disturbances along the path traveled by the...

Functional materials refer to materials that possess specific properties or functionalities that make them suitable for...

An etalon is an optical device that consists of two parallel reflecting surfaces separated by a precise and known distance....

In the context of optics and lasers, a transverse mode refers to a specific spatial pattern of the electric field within the...

A camera designed to record at rates exceeding 50 fps. For frame rates up to about 500 fps, an ordinary pull-down mechanism...

A microscope eyepiece designed for use with apochromatic objectives. Since apochromatic objectives are undercorrected for...

A nondestructive test, also referred to as LASAT, that uses a high-energy laser pulse that is targeted on an adhesively...

Voltage that produces current flow in the direction of greater resistance to the steady-state direct current; i.e., from the...

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) is a powerful technique used in spectroscopy to probe molecular vibrations in...

Lapping and polishing services involve specialized processes used to improve the surface finish and dimensional accuracy of...

An APD detector, or avalanche photodiode detector, is a type of photodetector used to detect light or optical signals by...

Photolithography is a key process in the manufacturing of semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, and...

Reactive evaporation refers to a process in thin-film deposition where a material is deposited onto a substrate through...

An apochromat, often referred to as an apochromatic lens or apochromatic objective, is a type of optical system designed to...

The acceptance pattern, often used in the context of antennas and optical systems, refers to the spatial distribution of the...

Optical noise refers to undesirable fluctuations or disturbances in an optical signal that can affect the quality or...

An optical filter is a device that selectively transmits or blocks specific wavelengths, or colors, of light. Optical...

A photoemissive detector sensitive to wavelengths up to 1 µm. It has one sharp maximum of sensitivity at 350 nm and a...

An incandescent or carbon arc lamp designed with a stable and compact arc or filament that permits it to be used as a light...

Optical character recognition (OCR) is a technology that is used to convert printed or handwritten text into...

Actinic glass is a type of glass specifically designed to filter or block ultraviolet (UV) light and other forms of actinic...

Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) is a technique that extends traditional Raman spectroscopy by incorporating...

A lens having an extremely high aperture and used in the recording of x-ray fluorescent screen images. It often is specially...

A light source made up of silicon carbide or carborundum. It is resistant to the negative temperature coefficient and...

The successive analysis or synthesizing of the light values or other similar characteristics of the components of a picture...

Laser marking is a process in which a laser beam is used to mark or engrave a surface by altering its properties or...

A near-eye display (NED) is a type of display technology designed to be positioned close to the user's eyes, typically...

In optics, the term image jump refers to a displacement or shift in the apparent position of an image when a change occurs...

Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) refers to a specific range of ultraviolet radiation with shorter wavelengths than those of visible...

An instrument designed to calculate the amplitude and phase of the different harmonic elements of a radiation wave utilizing...

In a silicon photodiode, the dynamic resistance (dv/d1) of the junction at zero volts.

An instrument using a Michelson interferometer, a beamsplitter, two plane mirrors and a detector to give Fourier analysis of...

Micro-optics refers to the design, fabrication, and application of optical components and systems at a microscale level....

A machine vision technique that compares a template of the desired image (the correlation kernel) with the actual camera...

The element that resembles a lightweight metal, but when very pure, has a very high electrical resistance and is transparent...

MTF analysis/measurement equipment refers to instruments and tools used to measure and analyze the modulation transfer...

An adhesive used to affix optical elements to an approximately shaped body -- usually of cast iron.

An instrument designed to measure the index of refraction of a gas by the interference patterns formed by two beams, one of...

A measurement in optical thin-film coating processes whereby the gases remaining in the vacuum chamber after coating are...

Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a molecular biology technique used to rapidly amplify specific DNA or RNA...

A system designed to control the output quantity of a device by returning a portion of its output signal to its input. This...

A hydrogel is a three-dimensional network of polymer chains that are hydrophilic, meaning they have a strong affinity for...

Nanoplasmonics is a branch of nanophotonics that focuses on the study and manipulation of optical phenomena at the nanoscale...

Ultraviolet reflectance refers to the ability of a material or surface to reflect UV light. Ultraviolet light is...

Computational imaging refers to the use of computational techniques, algorithms, and hardware to enhance or enable imaging...

Chip-on-board (COB) lights refer to a type of LED lighting technology where multiple LED chips are directly mounted onto a...

Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) refers to a technology used in the fabrication of integrated circuits,...

The angular spectrum approach is a mathematical and computational technique used in the field of optics to analyze and...

An astronomical telescope is a type of optical instrument designed to gather and magnify light from distant celestial...

An electrowetting display (EWD) is a type of electronic display technology that utilizes the principles of electrowetting to...

Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is the 400- to 700-nm region (visible light) of the electromagnetic spectrum that...

Magnetorheological (MR) materials, often referred to as MR fluids, are smart materials that undergo significant changes in...

Optimization method used in optical design computer programs that employs a variable-by-variable approach to construct new...

A large table with an accurately designed plane surface used to test other surfaces, or to provide a true surface for...

In a linear stage, any deviation from the desired translation across a flat, straight line.

A device having electrical resistance and used in an electric current for purposes of protection, operation or control of...

The term delta error (delta-E) generally refers to the difference or change in error between two values or states. The word...

Freeform optics refers to the design and fabrication of optical surfaces that do not follow traditional symmetric shapes,...

A cooling system used to attain and maintain desired low temperatures in infrared systems. The Stirling type is a mechanical...

An actuator is a mechanical or electromechanical device that is responsible for moving or controlling a mechanism or system....

Scientific complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (sCMOS) refers to a type of image sensor technology specifically designed...

The use of chemicals or radiation to induce a desired change in a substance; e.g., some optical adhesives are set by...

A filter designed to improve contrast in an imaging system. For visual and black and white photosystems, a yellow filter is...

The laser damage threshold refers to the maximum level of laser intensity that a material can withstand without experiencing...

A continuous strobe, also known as a continuous light or constant light strobe, is a type of lighting device used in...

An electron-beam tube designed so that the beam can be carried through a portion of the wall of an evacuated enclosure.

A heat sink for a laser is a device designed to absorb and dissipate the excess heat generated by the laser during...

Excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) refers to a medical procedure used in the treatment of coronary artery disease....

The properties of certain materials that cause them to have relative permeabilities that exceed unity. This permeability...

Continuous wave (CW) refers to a type of signal or transmission where the signal is constant and does not vary with time. In...

A reflector having a surface that has been superpolished to reduce residual sleeks and scratches and microroughness so that...

A scientific CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) camera is a type of digital camera specifically designed for...

A specific form of phase shifting interferometry - commonly referred to as multiple wavelength phase shifting interferometry...

Protein crystallography is a scientific technique used to determine the three-dimensional structure of proteins at atomic...

A specific type of filter designed to reduce the amount of light scattered by reflections from the edges of optical...

A confocal resonator, also known as a confocal cavity or confocal laser resonator, is a type of optical resonator...

The additivity of luminance refers to a principle in visual perception and color theory where the perceived brightness of a...

An optical gate typically refers to a device or system that controls the transmission of light, allowing it to pass through...

An instrument designed to measure the rate of rotation of components, such as shafts.

An adhesive whose viscosity decreases as the temperature is increased to a limit. Canada balsam, resin and pitch are...

Accessible radiation refers to the portion of radiation from a source that can be reached or detected by humans,...

Actinism refers to the property of radiation, particularly light, that enables it to produce photochemical effects. This...

A resin obtained from the balsam fir, Abies balsamea, used as a lens cement.

An EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge-coupled device) camera is a type of scientific camera specifically designed for...

Neuromorphic refers to the design and development of computing systems or devices that are inspired by the structure and...

In color perception and vision an achromatic point refers to a color stimulus that appears neutral or without hue, often...

The global ecosystem dynamics investigation (GEDI) lidar is a state-of-the-art spaceborne instrument designed to study...

The optical phenomenon in which white light dispersed by small particles in suspension appears blue when viewed through a...

Also called Geiger-Müller counter. An instrument designed to detect and measure radioactivity through the use of a...

A cryogenically cooled long-wave infrared (LWIR) camera is a specialized thermal imaging device designed to detect infrared...

Microelectromechanical systems, or MEMS, refer to miniature devices or systems that integrate mechanical and electrical...

Indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) is a semiconductor compound composed of indium (In), gallium (Ga), and arsenic (As). It...

An aptamer is a short, single-stranded DNA or RNA molecule that can bind to a specific target molecule with high affinity...

Photonics contract manufacturing refers to the outsourcing of the production of photonics-related components, devices, or...

A head-up display (HUD) is a transparent display technology that presents information directly in the field of view of a...

Optical glass refers to a type of glass specifically engineered and manufactured for use in optical components and systems,...

Fused quartz and silica are closely related materials, both composed primarily of silicon dioxide (SiO2), but they are...

A filter designed to decrease the luminosity of the sky without decreasing that of the landscape in the foreground. A filter...

Sapphire optical fiber is a type of optical fiber made from single-crystal sapphire, which is a form of aluminum oxide...

Structural color refers to coloration in materials that is not caused by pigments or dyes but is instead a result of the...

A YAG crystal refers to a solid-state crystal made of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), which is a synthetic crystalline...

A lamp that emits light when an electric current passes through a resistant metallic wire situated in a vacuum tube.

Metaphotonics is an emerging field at the intersection of photonics, metamaterials, and nanotechnology. It involves the...

Optomechanical refers to the integration of optical and mechanical systems or components. In optomechanical systems, optics...

A dichroic coating, also known as a dichroic filter or dichroic mirror, is an optical coating designed to selectively...

A crystal-based device that combines and adjusts the intensities of multiple wavelengths of laser light in order to obtain...

An apparatus, designed for use with a camera, that is used to rapidly open the path from lens to film, to maintain the...

In optics and photonics, ceramics refer to advanced ceramic materials that possess unique optical properties, making them...

The amount by which an optical surface deviates from its ideal design value, expressed in wavelengths of light. Optical...

The unwanted and unpredictable fluctuations that distort a received signal and hence tend to obscure the desired message....

Specially designed optics for the observation and photographing of hydrogen in a bubble chamber.

1. To center an image or place it in any part of the television screen desired. Also applies to stills. 2. A single image of...

Sapphire crystal refers to a transparent, single-crystal form of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) known as corundum. It is one of the...

A C-mount lens refers to a specific type of lens commonly used in machine vision, surveillance, microscopy, and other...

A form of image intensifier designed to amplify a weak fluoroscopic image. The image is received at an input phosphor...

Seidel aberrations refer to a set of monochromatic aberrations in optical systems, named after the German mathematician and...

In micropositioning systems, motion (most frequently undesired) about the Z-axis.

A method of predicting the nonlinear optical effects exhibited by different molecules without synthesizing the molecules...

Linear receive optics typically refers to the optical components and systems used in the reception (detection) of linearly...

An atomic clock is a highly precise timekeeping device that uses the vibrations or oscillations of atoms as a reference for...

A fixed-focus camera designed to record the ink impression of fingerprints that have been impressed on a card or form for...

A dielectric ceramic material used in laser capillary tubes because of its high electrical resistivity and high thermal...

The area of optics in which the propagation of light is described by geometrical lines (or rays) governed by Fermat's...

Optical coatings are thin layers of materials applied to optical components, such as lenses, mirrors, filters, and prisms,...

A flexible display refers to a type of electronic visual display that is designed to be bendable, foldable, or rollable,...

A polygonal mirror, also known as a multifaceted mirror or facet mirror, is a type of optical component used in various...

A laser cavity, also known as an optical cavity or resonator, is a fundamental component of a laser system. It is a confined...

In the context of imaging, particularly digital imaging and printing, "orange peel" refers to a texture or visual distortion...

Laser shock peening (LSP) is a surface treatment process used to enhance the mechanical properties and durability of...

A light-sensitive resistor in which resistance decreases with increase in light intensity when illuminated. The device...

A type of refractometer designed to measure the refractive indices of liquids. A section of the instrument is immersed into...

The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a widely used molecular biology technique used to amplify a specific segment of DNA...

Retroreflection is a phenomenon in optics where light is reflected back toward its source, typically in a direction nearly...

The ratio of the power in a desired signal to the undesirable noise present in the absence of a signal.

Successive layering of resistive, dielectric and conductive inks on a substrate by a type of screening process.

An invisibility cloak is technology that would render an object or individual invisible to the observer. In scientific...

An instrument designed to measure angles in azimuth; used in general topographic work and military gunnery.

A ytterbium laser is a type of solid-state laser that employs ytterbium ions (Yb³+) as the dopant in the gain medium....

In a laser, the series resistance necessary for a stable electrical discharge.

A form of monochromator optical system consisting of two spherical concave mirrors used in conjunction with a movable...

A quantum cascade laser (QCL) is a type of semiconductor laser that operates based on the principles of quantum mechanics....

A device designed to detect microwave modulation and to mix modulated and unmodulated laser beams. It consists of a...

Wavelengths between 400 and 1400 nm (VIS to NIR) are focused onto the retina by the cornea. Because the retina is sensitive...

A Mach-Zehnder interferometer is an optical device used to measure the phase difference between two collimated beams of...

Frame rate refers to the frequency at which consecutive images, or frames, are displayed in a video sequence. It is...

An infrared lens is an optical component specifically designed and optimized for transmitting, focusing, or manipulating...

A photovoltaic cell designed so that light travels through the front electrode and a semiconductor before it comes to the...

A specially designed microscope for observing the etched surface of a polished metal specimen. The specimen is often laid...

A laser device used to establish a location or target usually for detection by an impact source e.g. missiles and guided...

Infrared optics refer to optical components and systems designed to manipulate and control infrared (IR) light, which lies...

A device designed to measure crystal properties by analysis of crystal diffraction.

A CubeSat is a type of miniaturized satellite characterized by its standardized size and modular design. CubeSats are...

A lateral shearing interferometer is an optical device used in interferometry to measure phase differences between two beams...

Epitaxial equipment refers to a set of specialized tools and systems used in the process of epitaxy, which is the growth of...

A high-speed motion camera, also known as a high-speed camera or slow-motion camera, is a specialized imaging device...

Achirality refers to the property of a molecule or object that is superimposable on its mirror image. In other words, an...

Laser texturing is a manufacturing process that involves using a laser beam to selectively modify the surface of a material,...

Off-axis paraboloid and ellipsoid mirrors are specialized optical components used in various optical systems, particularly...

Ferroelectric materials are a type of dielectric materials that exhibit spontaneous electric polarization, meaning they...

Also called DLIP, a high-speed, high-resolution processing technique that uses high-power, pulsed laser systems to directly...

Concave is an adjective used to describe a surface or shape that curves inward or has a hollow or recessed appearance. In...

A fiber-coupled LED (light-emitting diode) refers to an LED device that is optically coupled to an optical fiber for the...

Germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) refers to a specific range of UV radiation that has disinfectant properties capable of killing...

In hybrid or monolithic integrated circuits, the laser ablation of a portion of resistor material to achieve the design...

Oleophobic is a term used to describe substances or materials that repel or resist oils. The word oleophobic comes from the...

A hologram formed by reconstruction of multicolor wavefronts. The system used to produce the hologram is designed to combine...

A relatively hard crystal, highly resistant to excessive energy radiation, that is frequently used for optical windows,...

A mechanical, electrical, thermal or optical detector designed to identify and measure ultrasonic radiation.

An LED, or light emitting diode, is a semiconductor device that emits light when an electric current passes through it. LEDs...

In the field of optics and imaging, a mesoscope refers to an optical instrument that is designed to observe and capture...

A custom optic refers to an optical component that is designed, manufactured, and tailored to meet specific requirements or...

Homogeneous light refers to light that is uniform in intensity and color across a given area or space. In other words,...

Photon flux refers to the rate at which photons (particles of light) pass through a unit area per unit time. It is a measure...

A transistor designed to respond to either light or electrical signals.

A camera that consists of a concave spherical mirror with an aspheric plate situated at the center of curvature of the...

A digital twin refers to a virtual representation or digital counterpart of a physical object, system, or process. This...

Broadband dielectric mirrors, also known as broadband mirrors, are optical coatings designed to efficiently reflect or...

On a test chart, the pattern designed to direct and measure geometric distortion.

Optical thin film adhesion specifically refers to the adhesion properties of thin films used in optical applications....

A breakout cable, also known as a fan-out cable or breakout assembly, is a type of cable that combines multiple individual...

A dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF) refers to a type of optical fiber designed to minimize the effects of chromatic dispersion,...

Injection locking, also known as injection-phase locking or injection-phase control, is a phenomenon in which a weak signal...

Laser ablation is a process that involves the removal or erosion of material from a target surface using laser energy. This...

A lens designed for projection of color transparencies.

A photocathode that exhibits maximum sensitivity in the blue and ultraviolet regions of the spectrum. The sensitivity is...

An instrument designed to place nongraphic information, usually generated by a computer, onto photographic film. The...

An achromatic prism is a type of prism designed to separate white light into its component colors (spectrum) without causing...

In the context of optical materials, the term "impurity level" refers to the presence of foreign atoms or molecules within...

An acousto-optic modulator (AOM) is a device that utilizes the interaction between sound waves and light waves to modulate...

A monochromator is an optical instrument used to isolate and select a narrow range of wavelengths from a broader spectrum of...

A Dammann grating is a type of diffractive optical element (DOE) used to create an array of equally spaced,...

A surface-mount device (SMD) is an electronic component that is mounted directly onto the surface of a printed circuit board...

Backscatter refers to the phenomenon in which radiation or waves are scattered backward, opposite to the direction of the...

E.I. duPont's trade name for a material used in the jacket of fiber optic cables. It is flame-retardant, thermally stable...

Nanophotonics is a branch of science and technology that explores the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, typically at...

A device designed to measure radiant energy, particularly in the thermal region.

A metabolite is any small molecule that is a product of metabolism, the chemical processes that occur within living...

A mirror mount is a mechanical device used to secure and precisely position mirrors in optical systems. Mirrors are...

An instrument designed to measure the numerical aperture of an objective.

Optofluidics is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles from optics and fluidics to create devices and systems...

Formulas designating the relationships between image distance, object distance, focal length, refractive index, etc., of a...

Proportions of standard primaries (tristimulus values) required for a color match; ratios of each tristimulus value of a...

A three-terminal semiconductor having only one PN junction and a stable, open-circuit, negative-resistance property.

A strong, heat-resistant glass that contains a minimum of 5 percent boric oxide.

The point spread function (PSF) is a fundamental concept in imaging that describes the response of an imaging system to a...

Also known as cathode-ray tube grid or shield. A cylindrically shaped electrode that, containing the cathode of a...

The resistance of individual grains of an abrasive to breaking down under pressure. If the grains break down under...

A sputtering target is a solid material used in the process of physical vapor deposition (PVD), specifically sputtering....

A magnetometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the strength and/or direction of a magnetic field. It can detect...

A cold-cathode tube containing neon and designed to visually determine a potential difference or field.

3D profiling, also known as three-dimensional profiling, refers to the process of capturing, analyzing, and visualizing the...

A fiber optic component or system designed in such a way that it can be operated by people without specialized knowledge of...

A sapphire window refers to a transparent optical component made from sapphire crystal. Sapphire is a single-crystal form of...

Loss mechanisms that degrade the performance of all thin-film optical devices by removing radiant flux out of the specular...

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a type of additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology that uses a high-power...

1. An optical device used for projection of enlarged images of transparencies or lantern slides on a screen. 2. A device...

A system of optical components designed to increase the diameter of a radiation beam. Usually an afocal system.

The recording of the information contained in a modulated electron beam onto photographic or silicon resin-coated materials....

A powerful and flexible machine-learning approach that can be used in machine vision to help solve difficult problems....

Magnetorheological finishing (MRF) is a precision optics polishing technique used for shaping and finishing optical surfaces...

Blaze height typically refers to a parameter in the context of diffraction gratings, which are optical devices consisting of...

A device designed to measure the amplitude and frequency of the elements in a complex waveform.

A gyroscope is a mechanical device consisting of a spinning disk or wheel mounted on a spinning axis in such a way that its...

Chemical sensing refers to the detection and measurement of specific chemical compounds or substances in various...

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, single-stranded RNA molecules, typically consisting of about 19 to 24 nucleotides,...

Photoresist is a light-sensitive material used in photolithography processes, particularly in the fabrication of...

Gallium nitride-based light-emitting diodes (GaN-based LEDs) are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric...

Fluoride fibers are optical fibers made from fluoride-based materials, typically fluoride glasses or crystalline fluoride...

The component of a microscope on which the sample or slide to be examined is placed. Depending on the design of the...

A neuromorphic vision sensor is a type of imaging device designed to mimic the structure and functioning of the human visual...

Actinic radiation refers to electromagnetic radiation that has enough energy to induce photochemical reactions. This type of...

In optics and photolithography, a phase mask refers to a device that modifies the phase of light waves passing through it....

The term "embedded laser" typically refers to a laser device that is integrated or embedded into a larger system or...

A set of mirrors along a telescope's polar axis designed to redirect light to a fixed position without being affected by the...

Dispersion refers to the phenomenon where different wavelengths (colors) of light travel at different speeds when passing...

RTSP, or real-time streaming protocol, is a network control protocol designed for controlling streaming media servers. It is...

A photon-counting instrument for use in both space-borne and ground-based photometric and spectroscopic instrumentation....

An instrument, similar in design to regular binoculars, that can transmit and enlarge infrared images.

Photoelastic equipment and supplies refer to instruments and materials used in photoelasticity, a technique used to analyze...

An instrument designed to record the duration and intensity of solar radiation.

In the most general sense, the resistance of a solid surface to damage.

Ultraviolet (UV) fiber optics refers to optical fibers that are designed and optimized for the transmission of ultraviolet...

A two-electrode device with an anode and a cathode that passes current in only one direction. It may be designed as an...

An exposure meter designed to measure the light striking an object and used at a suitable location in a scene.

Convex is an adjective used to describe a surface or shape that curves outward, bulges, or has a rounded and outwardly...

A cascade amplifier that uses a common cathode resistor to couple energy from stage to stage.

An Er:YAG laser is a type of solid-state laser that uses a crystal made of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet...

A method of polishing an aspheric surface by mechanically distorting the optic while polishing the surface to a perfect...

A method of designing lasers whereby the laser rod is cut into elliptical discs and cooled by running water over the disc...

Operation in which the minimum detectable signal has its limits set by the thermal noise of the detector, the load...

A wide-angle lens is a type of camera lens that has a shorter focal length than a standard or normal lens, allowing it to...

A distributed feedback laser (DFB laser) is a type of semiconductor laser diode designed to emit coherent, narrow-bandwidth...

The movement of particles or ions in a solution toward the electrode having the opposite sign because of the application of...

An interference filter in which a very thin metal foil with a periodic array of square holes (inductive mesh) or a thin...

The figure of merit of a resonator, defined as (2p) x (average energy stored in the resonator)/(energy dissipated per...

The fundamental wavelength standard of time or frequency. An atomic standard, it is properly expressed as 9,192,631,770...

A roughening laser is a laser-based surface modification technique aimed at altering the surface texture of a material to...

Photonic crystals are artificial structures or materials designed to manipulate and control the flow of light in a manner...

A design for bent crystal monochromators in which spacing is constant along any circular arc terminating at the two foci and...

Optical switching refers to the process of controlling the routing or transmission of optical signals within a network using...

An adhesive used to hold optical components in their mounts. It may be a thermoplastic or chemical-hardening substance.

Laser-mediated gene transfer refers to a technique in molecular biology and genetic engineering that utilizes lasers to...

A microscope designed so that the specimen is located face down above the objective.

A microcircuit typically refers to an integrated circuit (IC) or chip that contains miniaturized electronic components, such...

A microscope designed with two eyepieces (oculars), permitting the use of both eyes when viewing through the instrument.

Spherical aberration is an optical aberration that occurs when light rays passing through a lens or curved optical surface...

An attenuator is an electronic or optical device used to reduce the power or intensity of a signal without significantly...

A still or motion-picture camera designed to photograph through a microscope. Photomicrographic equipment usually contains a...

A specific gas-filled tube designed to illustrate the luminous effects of discharges through rarefied gases.

A hologram that is formed on a recording medium by changing the phase of the illuminating wave in correspondence with the...

An acoustical hologram refers to a three-dimensional representation of sound waves in space, analogous to optical holography...

Optical aberration refers to imperfections or deviations from ideal optical behavior in an imaging system, such as a lens or...

In surface height measurement of optics with steep slopes, the use of two short visible wavelengths to synthesize a longer,...

The near-point distance of the normal eye. The value of 10 in. or 25 cm is normal. This value is used in evaluating the...

A system-on-chip (SoC) is an integrated circuit (IC) that incorporates all necessary components of a computer or electronic...

GaN (gallium nitride) distributed feedback (DFB) lasers refer to a specific type of semiconductor laser based on Gallium...

The modulated transfer function (MTF) is a measure used in optical engineering and imaging science to describe the ability...

A silicon photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It is a type of photodetector...

An optical system that is designed to produce a high temperature in a specified area by the optical direction and...

A photodiode having a conducting grid that covers the surface of the photodiode junction and intercepts and wastes some of...

Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter...

A method used to approximate the values of the homogeneous second derivatives at each iteration in the course of lens design...

An optical testing instrument is a device or system used to evaluate and measure the performance, quality, and...

An antireflection coating (AR coating) is a thin film or coating applied to optical surfaces, such as lenses or windows, to...

Ability of a laser to resist variations in output power caused when it is slowly rotated about its optical or symmetrical...

An exciton is a quasiparticle that represents the bound state of an electron and a hole in a solid-state material, typically...

Photocathodes are specialized materials or surfaces that exhibit the photoelectric effect, wherein the absorption of photons...

Laser peening is a surface enhancement technique used to improve the mechanical properties of materials, particularly...

Pitch, wax, resin or other cement suitable for holding optical parts to a spindle during grinding and polishing processes.

A test chamber designed to expose the subject being tested to external conditions, such as heat, shock, pressure and...

The laser output refers to the generated and emitted light produced by a laser system. This output is characterized by...

A phenomenon that occurs in WDM and DWDM systems when three closely spaced signal wavelengths near the zero-dispersion...

Process of synthesizing long molecular chain materials (polymers) by reaction of many small molecules (usually thousands)...

In biology, particularly genetics and evolutionary biology, the phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits...

An illuminometer designed to measure illumination in terms of luxes.

A photon sieve is an optical device used in the field of optics and imaging. It's designed to focus and shape light,...

A high-quality, narrow-angle lens of high aperture designed for low magnification in the recording of cathode-ray tube...

A projector designed to give each of the observer's eyes its own disparate image.

A lamp designed to emit a large amount of infrared radiation; used in applications requiring heat.

An instrument designed for laser technology that is used to extract single pulses from the laser and transmit a portion of...

A galvanometer is an instrument used for detecting and measuring small electric currents. It typically consists of a coil of...

Also known as roof prism. A type of prism designed by G.B. Amici. It consists of a roof edge produced upon the long...

A fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) is a type of gyroscope that uses the interference of light waves to detect changes in...

Hydrophobic is a term used to describe substances or materials that repel or do not readily interact with water. The word...

Coating carried out in a sealed chamber evacuated by a mechanical pump in series with an oil diffusion pump to a pressure...

A mount for an optic element or optics assembly, designed so that all six degrees of freedom are singly constrained. This...

The Casimir force is a quantum phenomenon that results in an attractive force between two closely spaced uncharged...

Actinic focus refers to the point or plane within an optical system where ultraviolet (UV) light or other actinic radiation...

A series of high contrast block letters or similar objects arranged to permit the evaluation of eyesight in humans.

Production of a repeated image of a transmitted beam through a diffractive optical element such as a holographic card or...

Any noise or current fluctuation that prevents precise measurement of the signal current. Both dark current and signal...

A computer-generated, phase-and-amplitude, off-axis hologram made by a multi-exposure technique that uses three computer...

LiFi, short for light fidelity, is a wireless communication technology that utilizes visible light or infrared light to...

A facility designed for the observation and recording of astronomical phenomena.

1. In a plane Cartesian coordinate system, the vertical axis orthogonal to the X-axis. 2. In a quartz crystal structure, the...

Colorimetry is the science and technology of quantitatively describing and measuring colors. It involves the precise...

Photometry is the branch of science that deals with the measurement of light, particularly in terms of its intensity and the...

Rockwell hardness (Rc) refers to a method for measuring the hardness of a material, primarily metals, using an indentation...

A long-pass filter is an optical filter that allows longer wavelengths of light to pass through while blocking or...

An aspheric mirror is an optical mirror surface that deviates from the shape of a perfect sphere, having a non-spherical...

Computer numerically controlled (CNC) grinding is a manufacturing process that utilizes computerized controls and precision...

In solar energy technology, the percent of usable land covered by collectors. The horizontal collector is the only design...

Interlayer attraction refers to the attractive forces between adjacent layers of atoms or molecules in a material,...

A photodetector, also known as a photosensor or photodiode, is a device that detects and converts light into an electrical...

The range of frequencies over which a particular instrument is designed to function within specified limits. See also fiber...

The use of a specialized optical microscope designed to provide a more three-dimensional view of a sample. Stereomicroscopy...

Metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of subwavelength-scale artificial structures, often referred to as meta-atoms or...

Lens testing equipment refers to a range of specialized tools and instruments used to evaluate the optical performance,...

Chalcogenide refers to a class of compounds containing elements from group 16 of the periodic table, which includes sulfur...

A broadband filter is an electronic or electromagnetic device designed to pass a range of frequencies or signals within a...

An infrared detector is a device that is used to detect and measure infrared radiation, which lies beyond the visible...

Smart cities are urban environments that use information and communication technologies (ICT) and data-driven solutions to...

Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that involves the use of artificial neural networks to model and solve complex...

A precision lens designed to convert the plane wavefront output of an interferometer to a spherical wavefront for the...

Optical materials refer to substances or compounds specifically chosen for their optical properties and used in the...

Minimum object distance, often abbreviated as MOD, refers to the closest distance at which a camera lens or optical system...

Meta-optics, also known as metasurface optics or flat optics, is a branch of optics that involves the design, fabrication,...

A process used in the design, repair and customization of integrated circuits. A low-power laser etches a silicon wafer...

Glass that has been specially treated so that it will not shatter when exposed to high temperatures followed by immediate...

Etaloning is an optical phenomenon that occurs in imaging systems, particularly in devices such as spectrometers,...

Twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) is a phenomenon observed in certain organic molecules containing...

A line-scan camera, also known as a line-scan image sensor or linear array camera, is a type of digital camera designed to...

A device in which slab geometry internally compensates for thermal-optic distortion; the solid host material -- glass or...

An aspheric lens is a type of lens whose surface profiles deviate from the traditional spherical shape. Unlike spherical...

A type of spectroscopy used extensively in the analysis of biological samples. Because most biologically synthesized...

The entrance slit, also known simply as the slit, is an essential component in optical instruments such as spectrometers and...

A photographic camera designed to produce reproduction film of visual information (pictures, line drawings, graphs) for...

Particle acceleration refers to the process by which charged particles, such as electrons or protons, gain kinetic energy...

A lens that is symmetrical and designed to work between 1:1 and about 4:1. It covers a field of about ±20° at f/8...

A near-infrared (NIR) camera is an imaging device designed to capture images in the near-infrared region of the...

A camera designed to form a continuous record of an expansive section of the horizon. The typical panoramic camera is...

Lithium triborate, commonly abbreviated as LBO, is a nonlinear optical crystal widely used in various applications involving...

Thin layers intended to prevent damage to plastic optics.

An optical element designed to correct each zone of a reflector or refractor for spherical aberration.

A machine vision system is an integrated combination of hardware and software components designed to capture, process, and...

1. In a plane Cartesian coordinate system, the horizontal axis, or axis in the left to right direction. 2. In a quartz...

The term light field refers to the spatial distribution of light rays traveling in all directions through a given space. It...

Voltage that produces current flow in the direction of lesser resistance to the steady-state direct current, i.e., from the...

Laser drift typically refers to a phenomenon where the frequency or wavelength of a laser source gradually changes over...

A beamsplitter is an optical device used to divide a beam of light into two or more separate beams, typically by reflecting...

Laser optics refers to a broad category of optical components and systems designed for manipulating and controlling laser...

Pick-and-place refers to a process or technique used in manufacturing and assembly operations to automate the handling and...

A three-dimensional grating designed with thin metal sheets to remain opaque to all but one specific and predetermined wave.

Quantum confinement refers to the phenomenon in quantum mechanics where the motion of charge carriers, such as electrons or...

FMCW lidar stands for frequency-modulated continuous wave lidar. It is a type of lidar (light detection and ranging)...

A diagnostic instrument that uses a photocathode design to see a broad range of x-ray radiation by streaking the...

An electron-beam lithography (EBL) system is a sophisticated nanofabrication tool used in the semiconductor industry and...

A device that holds a number of filters and allows the filter with the desired characteristics to be rotated into an optical...

An absorbing wedge is an optical device used to control the intensity of light passing through it by absorbing a portion of...

An endoscope is a medical device used for visualizing and examining the interior of hollow organs, body cavities, or...

A MEMS fiber optic switch is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device designed to selectively route optical signals...

A cloud chamber designed to maintain the gas within it at a high pressure as a means of reducing the range of the...

Long-wave infrared (LWIR) refers to a specific range of the infrared spectrum. Infrared radiation is divided into three main...

A variation of tomography in which several photographs of a patient are taken at different angles, and back-projection of...

Germanium crystal refers to a crystalline form of the element germanium (Ge), which is a metalloid and semiconductor...

A substrate refers to a material or surface upon which another material or process is applied or deposited. In various...

Pluggable optics, also known as pluggable transceivers or optical transceivers, are modular devices used in optical...

Spin coating is a widely used technique in the fabrication of thin films and coatings, particularly in microelectronics,...

A device designed to detect frequency-modulated signals by forming a unidirectional pulse from each sine wave. The direct...

MWIR stands for mid-wave infrared, referring to a specific range of wavelengths within the infrared spectrum. Infrared...

An opaque shielding device designed to reduce the effect of stray light on an optical system.

Aplanatic points refer to specific points in an optical system where certain aberrations, such as spherical aberration or...

An instrument incorporating an infrared detector assembly, used to analyze carbon dioxide gases and in medical applications...

An arc flash is a sudden release of electrical energy due to an electric arc — a continuous, high-current discharge of...

A device designed to decrease flux density or power per unit area of a light beam through absorption and scattering of the...

An adhesive used for bonding optical elements or for holding devices.

A metal, alloy or compound that loses its electrical resistance at temperatures below a certain transition temperature...

Catoptrics is the field of optics concerned with the reflection of light from reflective surfaces such as mirrors. It...

A fast, wide-angle lens used in television and photographic cameras, with excellent overall correction, but subject to...

Any system of time measurement that is based on atomic resonances. The transition times between the hyperfine levels of...

In the context of thin film deposition processes such as evaporation or sputtering, masks are used to selectively deposit...

Also known as a pyrradiometer. An instrument that is designed to measure heat radiation nonselectively; e.g., the...

Machinery used to grind and finish a component, such as a lens or prism, to a desired precision. Usually such machines carry...

Servo motion is the controlled motion of a mechanical system achieved through the use of a servo motor, which utilizes...

An optical projection device designed to project positive color transparencies onto a screen for viewing.

Light diffusion refers to the process by which light is scattered or spread out in various directions as it interacts with a...

A pump laser is a type of laser used to provide the necessary energy to the gain medium of another laser or laser system,...

Optical artifacts refer to undesired or unintended effects that can occur in optical systems, such as microscopes, cameras,...

An instrument designed to produce very hard x-rays by the acceleration of electrons in a varying magnetic field.

A linear positioning stage, also known as a linear stage or translation stage, is a precision mechanical device used to...

Quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) is a display technology that utilizes quantum dots, which are semiconductor...

Spectral flow cytometry is an advanced flow cytometry technique that expands the capabilities of traditional flow cytometry...

A solid-state semiconducting structure (basically one of the bolometers) that changes electrical resistance with...

1. The process of wearing down the surface of a softer material by rubbing it under pressure against the surface of a harder...

An adhesive used to hold optical elements to blocking tools. It is usually a thermoplastic substance such as resin, beeswax,...

A camera lens, used in macrophotography, that is designed and corrected to produce optimum definition of a nearby object...

Robotic arms, also known as robot arms or manipulator arms, are mechanical devices designed to mimic and perform the...

A light-tight box that receives light from an object or scene and focuses it to form an image on a light-sensitive material...

In optics, the term vacuum typically refers to a space devoid of matter, including air and other gases. However, in...

In image processing, a specially designed programmable computer peripheral that attaches to the host system for the purpose...

A thermometric instrument used for the detection and measurement of radiant energy. Its essential component is a short...

An interferometer spectrometer designed to measure thicknesses of thin films or layers by recording the interferogram and by...

A photodiode that has been designed so that the bar of semiconductor material has a PN junction perpendicular to its length...

An intermolecular substance that serves to hold materials together. Two types are used in the optical industry: one, which...

Chromatic aberration is an optical phenomenon that occurs when different wavelengths (colors) of light are refracted by a...

Laser irradiation is a process that involves the use of focused laser beams to deliver energy to specific areas for medical,...

Photoconductive antenna (PCA) is a semiconductor element that generates or detects high-frequency electromagnetic signals....

An active infrared (IR) system is a type of technology that uses infrared radiation actively emitted and detected by sensors...

Optical design and engineering services involve the development, customization, and optimization of optical systems and...

A device designed to measure linear or rotary motion by detection of the movement of markings on a transparent medium past a...

A high-sensitivity camera is a type of camera designed to perform well in low light conditions, capturing clear and detailed...

A mirror blank refers to the initial piece of material from which a mirror is made. It is typically a flat or slightly...

Used in computer design for optical systems with common parts and different applications.

A detector-Dewar assembly typically refers to a combination of a detector and a Dewar flask used in scientific instruments,...

An accelerometer is a sensor or transducer that measures the rate of change of velocity of an object, or in simpler terms,...

On-board optics refers to optical systems integrated into devices or platforms for various purposes, such as imaging,...