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Signal-to-Noise Dictionary Terms

noise equivalent delta temperature
In a thermal imaging system, the change in temperature that yields a signal-to-noise ratio of unity.
total internal reflection fluorescence
Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is an advanced fluorescence microscopy technique that leverages the...
infrared detector
An infrared detector is a device that is used to detect and measure infrared radiation, which lies beyond the visible...
coadding
A method of improving the signal-to-noise ratio of an interferogram by adding another interferogram to it.
integration time
Integration time, in the context of optics, imaging systems, and sensor technology, refers to the duration over which a...
coded aperture imaging
An imaging process in which the single opening of a simple pinhole camera is replaced with many openings called,...
Felgett advantage
The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) obtained with a Fourier transform spectrometer when detector noise prevails, which exceeds...
detector array
A detector array refers to a collection of individual detector elements arranged in a two-dimensional grid or matrix format....
autocorrelator
A signal-averaging device that improves signal-to-noise ratio by comparing a sampled signal with a time-delayed form of...
signal-to-noise ratio
The ratio of the power in a desired signal to the undesirable noise present in the absence of a signal.
spectral domain optical coherence tomography
Spectral domain optical coherence tomography is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics, particularly in...
optical noise
Optical noise refers to undesirable fluctuations or disturbances in an optical signal that can affect the quality or...
pixel binning
Pixel binning, also known as pixel merging or pixel combining, is a technique used in digital imaging and camera technology....
cross-correlation
A signal-averaging technique that improves signal-to-noise ratio by comparing a sampled signal with a reference signal...
noise equivalent power
At a given modulation frequency, wavelength, and for a given effective noise bandwidth, the radiant power that produces a...
FTIR spectrometer
FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometer is a powerful analytical instrument used to obtain an infrared spectrum of...
optical channel monitor
An optical channel monitor (OCM) is a device used in optical communication systems to monitor and analyze the performance of...
quantum sensing
Quantum sensing refers to a class of sensing technologies that leverage principles from quantum mechanics to enhance the...
quantum-ehanced metrology
Quantum-enhanced metrology refers to the use of quantum mechanics principles and techniques to enhance the precision and...
electron multiplication charge-coupled device camera
An EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge-coupled device) camera is a type of scientific camera specifically designed for...
matched filter
A filter that maximizes signal-to-noise ratio so that a waveform of known shape can be separated from random noise.
photoconductive antenna
Photoconductive antenna (PCA) is a semiconductor element that generates or detects high-frequency electromagnetic signals....
detector-Dewar assembly
A detector-Dewar assembly typically refers to a combination of a detector and a Dewar flask used in scientific instruments,...
lock-in amplifier
A lock-in amplifier is a specialized electronic instrument used to extract and measure small signals embedded in noise or...

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