High-modulus elastic fibers that exhibit the following differences from conventional elastic fibers: Increasing temperature decreases recovery force (the fibers are enthalpic vs. conventionally entropic fibers); the diameter of enthalpic fibers is...

The adjustable membrane located just in front of the crystalline lens within the eye. The iris gives the eye its color. See...

A phonon is a quantum of vibrational energy associated with the periodic motion of atoms or molecules in a crystalline...

A ruggedized scintillation counter used in oil well logging. The cylindrical housing contains a gamma ray source, a...

Germanium crystal refers to a crystalline form of the element germanium (Ge), which is a metalloid and semiconductor...

Fused quartz and silica are closely related materials, both composed primarily of silicon dioxide (SiO2), but they are...

An array of spectral lines formed when a beam of electrons, striking a crystalline solid, is scattered. It is used in the...

A colorless, crystalline compound whose low refractive index (n = 1.38) makes it effective as a lens antireflection coating...

A method of manufacturing polycrystalline infrared-transmitting optical fiber by heating a single halide crystal billet and...

An acid used to etch the surfaces of particular materials. For glass, hydrofluoric acid is used either as a liquid or a...

Naturally occurring planes in crystalline substances that provide easy points for separation.

A crystalline material used in piezoelectric devices.

Any crystalline material whose length is much less than its measured diameter.

A crystalline semiconductor material that transmits in the infrared.

A naturally occurring crystalline mineral that has the property of polarizing transmitted light. It is little used now that...

A ferroelectric polycrystalline ceramic material used in optical memories for computers and as a piezoelectric transducer.

The disordered, glassy solid state of a substance, as distinguished from the highly ordered crystalline solid state....

Diamond turning refers to a precision machining process used to produce complex optical components, particularly lenses and...

A light-sensitive resistor in which resistance decreases with increase in light intensity when illuminated. The device...

A transparent crystalline substance that displays the same optical properties (i.e. refractive index) in all directions such...

A crystalline ferroelectric material used primarily as a substrate and an active medium for thin-film optical modulators and...

A solid-state laser is a type of laser that uses a solid gain medium (as opposed to a liquid or gas) to produce coherent...

The internal lens of the eye. It is semielastic to permit changes in its power when focusing on objects at near distances.

Epitaxial equipment refers to a set of specialized tools and systems used in the process of epitaxy, which is the growth of...

A noncrystalline, inorganic mixture of various metallic oxides fused by heating with glassifiers such as silica, or boric or...

Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) is a semiconductor alloy composed of gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), and phosphorus (P). It...

An erasable data recording and storage medium that uses a laser to heat the crystalline surface of the disc to a certain...

The series of processes used to identify and evaluate crystal structure by using crystalline solids to diffract x-rays. In...

A cylindrical lens is an optical component that has different curvatures along its two orthogonal axes, resulting in a shape...

Laser annealing is a process that involves using a laser beam to heat and modify the microstructure of a material, typically...

A crystalline material with a high electro-optic coefficient, capable of operating at short wavelengths, with applications...

Sapphire can refer to either a gemstone or a specific type of crystalline material commonly used in various industrial...

Epitaxial deposition is a process used in semiconductor manufacturing and materials science to grow a thin crystalline...

The naturally occurring crystalline form of silicon dioxide. It is slightly birefringent and exhibits rotary dispersion of...

A crystalline semiconductor alloy used as the light confinement layer in both single- and double-heterostructure diode...

A crystalline-quartz plate designed according to specifications but having its two major faces parallel.

A semiconductor is a type of material that has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. In...

Metal used in components of the crystalline semiconductor alloys indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs), indium gallium arsenide...

A crystalline substance in which all planes are parallel, or approximately parallel.

A YAG crystal refers to a solid-state crystal made of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), which is a synthetic crystalline...

A gelatinous fluid that can be used as a porous thin-film coating for optical components, including laser beam collimators,...

A method of depositing crystalline films one molecular layer at a time, by dipping the substrate into water containing a...

Epitaxial refers to the growth of a crystalline layer on a crystalline substrate in such a way that the orientation of the...

Optical materials refer to substances or compounds specifically chosen for their optical properties and used in the...

The analysis, by x-rays, of the crystalline structure and other properties of metals and alloys.

In a crystalline substance, the spectral range of states of energy that contains the crystal's binding valence electrons.

An opaque inclusion in glass that contains undissolved or crystalline material. Also known as a seed.

Transparent glassy and or crystalline structured materials engineered from inorganic, non-metallic materials via various...

The axes of symmetry in a crystal structure. See also biaxial crystal; uniaxial crystal.

A transparent crystalline substance that is anisotropic relative to the velocity of light.

A bulk crystalline optic which permits the propagation of light through a volume of index altered material. The variation in...

In the context of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing, a wafer refers to a thin, flat disk or substrate made of a...

A color center, in the context of materials science and condensed matter physics, refers to a specific type of...

A transparent crystalline substance in which the refractive index of the optic axis (extraordinary axis) is different from...

The range of materials that, unlike glass, may be used in the infrared. Water-soluble salts, such as cesium iodide, and...

Luminescence that arises from friction and that usually occurs in crystalline materials.

One of a class of crystalline substances belonging to triclinic, monoclinic and orthorhombic systems that have two optic...

A polycrystalline material that transmits in the infrared; it is used as a phosphor in x-ray and television screens.

Popular process for silicon and polycrystalline production that consists of an alteration of the original state of a...

In a multicrystalline material, the meeting point between crystallites.

Chalcogenide refers to a class of compounds containing elements from group 16 of the periodic table, which includes sulfur...