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Spectrogon US - Optical Filters 2024 LB
density Dictionary Terms

photosynthetically active radiation
Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) is the 400- to 700-nm region (visible light) of the electromagnetic spectrum that...
wedge filter
An optical filter so constructed that the density increases progressively from one end to the other, or angularly around a...
glow discharge
An electric discharge in a low-pressure gas having a low-current density and a space potential near the cathode that is much...
sky filter
A filter designed to decrease the luminosity of the sky without decreasing that of the landscape in the foreground. A filter...
sensitometer
An instrument for determining the sensitivity of a photographic film to light. The film is given either a stepped exposure...
Callier coefficient
The coefficient termed by Callier as the ratio between the density of photographic negatives measured by parallel light and...
double diffuse density
Measurement derived from calculation when incident flux of a negative is entirely diffuse and all radiation transmissions...
optical filter
An optical filter is a device that selectively transmits or blocks specific wavelengths, or colors, of light. Optical...
step tablets
In sensitometric testing, a series of areas progressing by equal density steps (usually the increments between steps are...
tesla
The magnetic flux density given by a magnetic flux of one weber per square meter. (T).
plasmon ion-assisted deposition
Plasmon ion-assisted deposition (PIAD) is a technique used in thin-film deposition processes, particularly in the production...
blue diode laser
A blue diode laser is a type of semiconductor laser that emits light in the blue wavelength range of the electromagnetic...
neutral density coating
A coating applied to a neutral density glass that is designed to reduce the amount of light evenly across the transmitted...
spot filter
A neutral density filter that, when placed in front of the iris of a lens, increases the f-stop range.
photographic sensitometry
The measurement of the responsivity of photographic media and of the relations between exposure and density of developed...
fusion ignition
Fusion ignition refers to the point in a controlled nuclear fusion reaction where the energy released by the fusion...
optical density (photographic)
The transmittance of a point on a photographic negative equal to the log to the base 10 of the reciprocal of the...
coherent optical adaptive technique
The use of phase conjugation or other methods to increase the power density of a laser beam under adverse atmospheric...
asymptotic spectral reflectance
The unchanging nature of spectral reflectance as vegetational density increases to the point where additional increases in...
lidar
Lidar, short for light detection and ranging, is a remote sensing technology that uses laser light to measure distances and...
digital densitometry
Pictorial information processing in which the processed picture shows a family of equidensity lines or bands coded with...
germanium crystal
Germanium crystal refers to a crystalline form of the element germanium (Ge), which is a metalloid and semiconductor...
specific stiffness
The ratio of Young's modulus to density of a material.
computer-generated holographic scanner
A phase reflection scanner that eliminates the need for a complex translation device while maintaining a high-energy-density...
irradiance
Radiant flux incident per unit area of a surface. Also called radiant flux density.
Hurter-Driffield curve
A plotted relation between Log E (logarithm to base 10 of exposure in metercandle seconds) and density (logarithm to base 10...
Herschel effect
The decrease in effect in developable density on a photographic plate formed by a second exposure to radiation having a...
plasma noise
Introduced into the laser beam from localized fluctuations in current density within the plasma itself. These fluctuations...
packing density
1. In a photonic interconnect, the number of detectors in a given area. Detectors spaced too closely may give rise to...
radiant flux density
blue noise
Noise over a specified frequency range, in which the spectral density is proportional to the frequency instead of being...
integral density
With respect to color photography, the measurement of the way the color film modulates the radiant flux in the optical...
high-density storage
Extensive data storage in the form of bits, with the use of high-resolution photographic materials and optics, and generally...
diffraction grating
A diffraction grating is an optical component consisting of a surface with a periodic structure of equally spaced, parallel...
transverse pumping
The laser pumping that exhibits an advantage over longitudinal pumping in that the threshold pump power density can be...
mirage
The distortion of an object's true image as the result of abnormal atmospheric disturbances along the path traveled by the...
frequency domain
The frequency domain is a concept used in signal processing and analysis to represent signals and data in terms of their...
Schlieren photography
The formation of a picture or image in which the density gradients in a volume of flow are rendered visible. The image is...
backscatter
Backscatter refers to the phenomenon in which radiation or waves are scattered backward, opposite to the direction of the...
beam attenuator
A device designed to decrease flux density or power per unit area of a light beam through absorption and scattering of the...
metallic coating
A thin layer of metal deposited on the surface of a substrate. The film may serve as a reflector, beamsplitter, neutral...
thick-phase material
A type of recording material, usually a photodielectric polymer, offering in situ development mechanisms because of its...
wedge
An optical element having plane-inclined surfaces. Usually the faces are inclined toward one another at very small angles....
luminescent greenhouse collector
A collector for photovoltaic power generation that consists of a thin plate that strongly absorbs sunlight striking its...
hard elastics
High-modulus elastic fibers that exhibit the following differences from conventional elastic fibers: Increasing temperature...
printer
A photographic enlarger with a fixed negative plane and a fixed paper plane, often using a roll of paper that is advanced...
micro-LED
Micro-LED (micro-light-emitting diode) refers to a technology that involves the use of very small light-emitting diodes to...
calibrated wedge
An optical wedge in which transmittance or density is a function of the location of the wedge, relative to a specific...
flash photographic density filter
A filter, partially opaque to near-ultraviolet, visible and infrared radiation, that may be made by exposing and processing...
rarefaction
In a gas, the temporary drop in density caused by contact with a sound wave.
density matrix formulation
The exact mathematical description of the interactions of matter and intense electromagnetic fields, such as those that...
wedge spectrograph
A spectrograph in which the flux density transmitted through the entrance aperture is regulated by an optical wedge or...
neutral density filter
A light filter that equally decreases the intensity of all wavelengths of light without altering the relative spectral...
exposure
In optics, the total radiant energy incident on a surface-per-unit area. It is equal to the integral over time of the...
vesicular image
An image with variations in density due to the differential scattering ability of microscopic bubbles in a transparent layer.
anomalous propagation
Irregular propagation of a wave due to variations in the medium's density or refractive index.
quarter-wave plate
A plate made of a double-refracting crystal having such a density that a phase difference of one-quarter cycle is formed...
wedge photometer
A photometer that uses a wedge, marked to show its reduction of flux density, to make two light sources equal in intensity...
isophotometer
A direct recording photometer that is designed to scan a photographic negative to determine its points of isodensity.
flying spot microscope
A microscope that uses a flying spot scanner, directed through the eyepiece, as a light source to determine the features of...
photoemulsion
In photolithography, an opaque material used in masks that has a lower optical density and grainier composition than chrome.
equidensities
1. A contour map of a photographic deposit consisting of lines and curves that join points of equal density. 2. The...
black hole
A cosmic phenomenon in which the mass and density of a star pass a critical point so that the escape velocity matches the...
spatial resolution
Spatial resolution refers to the level of detail or granularity in an image or a spatial dataset. It is a measure of the...
Baume scale
The scale for floating hydrometers used to measure the specific gravity of a polishing suspension. The depth of immersion is...
density
optical density
A measure of the transmittance through an optical medium. Optical density equals the log to the base 10 of the reciprocal of...
spatial light interference microscopy
Spatial light interference microscopy (SLIM) is an optical microscopy technique that belongs to the category of quantitative...
gray scales
Transparencies that represent progressive steps in the amount of transmitted radiation for administering predetermined...
gravimeter
An instrument capable of precise measurements of the Earth's gravity. This permits the detection of small changes in local...
GaN distributed feedback lasers
GaN (Gallium Nitride) distributed feedback (DFB) lasers refer to a specific type of semiconductor laser based on Gallium...
cadmium sulfide
An inorganic compound, yellow to orange in color, that fluoresces strongly enough when bombarded by a high-current-density...
coronal holes
Solar regions characterized by low density and open magnetic fields where high-speed solar wind streams originate....
neutral density wedge
A strip or annulus of glass coated with a semitransparent material such as inconel. The coating thickness, and as a result...
characteristic curve
A graph used in photography to portray the increase of a film's density as its time of exposure increases.
gallium nitride
Gallium nitride (GaN) is a compound made up of gallium (Ga) and nitrogen (N). It is a wide-bandgap semiconductor material...
densitometer
1. An instrument used to measure the opacity or density of dyes, pigments or dispersed particles that form an image in or on...
pixel
A pixel, short for "picture element," is the smallest controllable element of a digital image or display. It is a...
ion-assisted deposition
A technique for improving the structure density of thin-film coatings by bombarding the growing film with accelerated ions...
camera tube target
The storage surface of an electron beam tube that is scanned by an electron beam to generate an output-signal current...
reflection grating
A reflection grating is an optical component that consists of a series of closely spaced, parallel reflecting surfaces or...
kron camera
Astronomical detector consisting of a photocathode isolated from the target by a coin value from which electrons are focused...
quantitative phase imaging
Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is an advanced imaging technique used in microscopy to measure and analyze the optical...
energy density
The energy in a medium per unit volume.
scanning microdensitometer
A microdensitometer that contains a scanning stage to provide simultaneous representations of position vs. density.
flicker noise
Any noise with a power spectral density that is the inverse of the signal's frequency and is therefore most significant for...
thermal blooming
The effect that characterizes an intense laser beam that is passed through an absorbing medium, causing the absorbed energy...
isodensities
The points on a photographic negative that are of equal density.
acutance
In photography, the density gradient across an edge separating light from darkness, a physically measurable quantity that...
spectral integral density
With respect to color photography, the measurement, at a given wavelength, of the way the color film modulates the radiant...
Eberhard effect
Observed phenomenon of a small developed image with higher density than a larger image because of variation in photographic...
equidensitometry
1. The use of an electronic microdensitometer to measure points of equal density on a photographic deposit. 2. A technique...
laser optics
Laser optics refers to a broad category of optical components and systems designed for manipulating and controlling laser...
solarization
1. The reduction in the developable density of a photographic emulsion that has been extremely overexposed. 2. In a laser...
diffuse density
The logarithm of the reciprocal of diffuse transmittance. Diffuse density results when a sample is diffusely illuminated.
beam profiling
Beam profiling is a technique used to characterize and analyze the spatial intensity distribution of a laser beam. It...
flux density
Flux per unit area measured normal to the direction of propagation of the flux.
reciprocity law
With respect to photography, the law stating that the optical density of an exposed emulsion with standard development is a...
detector array
A detector array refers to a collection of individual detector elements arranged in a two-dimensional grid or matrix format....
variable-speed scanning
A scanning technique in which the optical density of the film being scanned controls the speed of deflection of the scanning...
channel density
The number of channels per unit bandwidth handled by a single optical fiber.
power density
In laser welding or heat treating, the instantaneous laser beam power per unit area. This parameter is key in determining...
microphotometry
The measurement of the intensity of spectral lines by the examination of a very small area under a microscope and the...
white noise
The random noise having a spectral density that is substantially independent of the frequency over a specified frequency...
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) refers to a technology used in the fabrication of integrated circuits,...
adjacency effect
With respect to photography, the change in the density-exposure relations, for small details of the photographic image, that...
radiograph
An x-ray or radium photograph illustrating the nonuniform density of the structure that the rays penetrate.
target
1. The anode or anticathode of an x-ray tube that emits x-rays when bombarded by electrons. 2. The screen in a television...
photographic thermometry
The photographic recording of the heat radiation emitted from various points on the object as corresponding density...
electron-beam film scanning
The method by which photographic film is scanned by an electron beam. One technique uses the uniform light of a television...

(110 results found)

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