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engineering Dictionary Terms

Rockwell hardness
Rockwell hardness (Rc) refers to a method for measuring the hardness of a material, primarily metals, using an indentation...
attenuation
Attenuation refers to the gradual loss or reduction of intensity, force, or magnitude of a particular property as it...
phase distrortion
Phase distortion refers to a change in the phase relationships between different frequency components of a signal. In the...
gallium arsenide phosphide
Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) is a semiconductor alloy composed of gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), and phosphorus (P). It...
microfluidics
Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the manipulation and control of very small fluid volumes, typically...
metamaterial
Metamaterials are artificial materials engineered to have properties not found in naturally occurring substances. These...
laser-mediated gene transfer
Laser-mediated gene transfer refers to a technique in molecular biology and genetic engineering that utilizes lasers to...
two-photon polymerization
Two-photon polymerization (TPP) is a technique used in additive manufacturing, specifically in the field of 3D printing. It...
liquid marble
Liquid marble refers to a unique form of microscale liquid encapsulation, where small droplets of liquid are coated with a...
substrate
A substrate refers to a material or surface upon which another material or process is applied or deposited. In various...
photonic crystal surface-emitting laser
A photonic crystal surface-emitting laser (PCSEL) refers to a type of laser diode that emits light from its surface rather...
ion-beam sputtering
Ion-beam sputtering (IBS) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique used for depositing thin films onto substrates. It...
quantum cascade laser
A quantum cascade laser (QCL) is a type of semiconductor laser that operates based on the principles of quantum mechanics....
functional material
Functional materials refer to materials that possess specific properties or functionalities that make them suitable for...
micro-robotics
Micro-robotics refers to the field of robotics that involves the design, development, and application of miniature robotic...
anisotropic
Anisotropic is a term used to describe a material or substance that exhibits different properties or behaviors in different...
optics
Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter...
angular spectrum approach
The angular spectrum approach is a mathematical and computational technique used in the field of optics to analyze and...
prism
A prism is a geometric optical element with flat, polished surfaces that refract light. It is typically a solid, transparent...
selective laser melting
Selective laser melting (SLM) is an additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology that belongs to the powder bed...
fluorescent protein
Fluorescent proteins are proteins that exhibit the property of fluorescence, which is the ability to absorb light at a...
hydrogel
A hydrogel is a three-dimensional network of polymer chains that are hydrophilic, meaning they have a strong affinity for...
polymerase chain reaction
The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a widely used molecular biology technique used to amplify a specific segment of DNA...
photonic crystals
Photonic crystals are artificial structures or materials designed to manipulate and control the flow of light in a manner...
deep learning
Deep learning is a subset of machine learning that involves the use of artificial neural networks to model and solve complex...
design and engineering consulting services
Design and engineering consulting services refer to professional services provided by specialized firms or individuals to...
multi-axis alignment
Multi-axis alignment refers to the process of aligning or adjusting components or systems in multiple spatial dimensions or...
proof-of-concept system
An assembly of prototype instruments, equipment and/or software designed to perform all the functions of a concept or idea...
Photoelastic equipment and supplies
Photoelastic equipment and supplies refer to instruments and materials used in photoelasticity, a technique used to analyze...
slicing and cutting machines - for crystals, quartz, glass, etc.
A crystal, glass, or quartz slicing and cutting machine is a specialized piece of equipment used in the manufacturing...
holographic camera
A holographic camera, also known as a holographic imaging system or holographic recorder, is a specialized device used to...
metrology
Metrology is the science and practice of measurement. It encompasses the theoretical and practical aspects of measurement,...
resonator
A resonator is a device or system that exhibits resonance, which is a phenomenon that occurs when an external force or...
two-photon excited fluorescence
Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) is a nonlinear optical method that allows imaging of biological cells and living...
lock-in amplifier
A lock-in amplifier is a specialized electronic instrument used to extract and measure small signals embedded in noise or...
harmonic generation
Harmonic generation refers to a nonlinear optical process in which incoming photons interact with a material and produce new...
photometry
Photometry is the branch of science that deals with the measurement of light, particularly in terms of its intensity and the...
arc flash
An arc flash is a sudden release of electrical energy due to an electric arc — a continuous, high-current discharge of...
high-speed motion camera
A high-speed motion camera, also known as a high-speed camera or slow-motion camera, is a specialized imaging device...
fiber optic sensor
A fiber optic sensor is a device that uses optical fibers to detect and measure physical, chemical, biological, or...
frequency domain
The frequency domain is a concept used in signal processing and analysis to represent signals and data in terms of their...
piezoresistance
Piezoresistance is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where the electrical resistance of a material changes in...
quantum well
A quantum well is a structure in quantum mechanics that confines particles, such as electrons or holes, in one spatial...
anisotropy
Anisotropy refers to the property of exhibiting different values or characteristics when measured in different directions....
optical design and engineering services
Optical design and engineering services involve the development, customization, and optimization of optical systems and...
autocollimator
An autocollimator is an optical instrument used for measuring small angular deviations with high precision. It operates on...
custom lapping and polishing services
Custom lapping and polishing services involve specialized processes used to improve the surface finish and dimensional...
phage
A phage, short for bacteriophage, is a type of virus that infects and replicates within bacteria. Phages are composed of...
optogenetics
A discipline that combines optics and genetics to enable the use of light to stimulate and control cells in living tissue,...
point cloud
A point cloud is a set of data points in a three-dimensional coordinate system, where each point represents a specific...

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