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fibers Dictionary Terms

ringlight
A circular lamp or bundles of optical fibers placed around the perimeter of an objective lens to illuminate the object field below it.
optics
Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter...
second-harmonic generation
Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process that occurs when two photons with the same frequency combine...
zirconium fluoride
An infrared transmitting material used in the production of fluoride glasses for optical fibers.
second-harmonic generation microscopy
A nonlinear label-free imaging technique commonly used during surgical procedures for the visualization of collagen fibers...
fused array of fibers
Optical fibers fused together to form a solid, vacuum-tight assembly in the form of a slab or rod. Discs or rectangular...
fiber optic lightguide
A bundle of optical fibers arranged randomly for the purpose of transmitting energy, not an image.
fused silica
Glass consisting of almost pure silicon dioxide (SiO2). Also called vitreous silica. Frequently used in optical fibers and...
rare earth dopants
Rare earth dopants refer to elements from the lanthanide series, also known as rare earth elements, that are intentionally...
hybrid cable
A cable assembly containing both optical fibers and copper electrical conductors in the same jacket.
fiber optic taper
A coherent fiber optic bundle made from fibers whose diameter changes gradually along its length. Used to magnify or reduce...
immersion liquid
Term synonymous with refractive index liquid, but related more to tank or chamber immersion of crystals, fibers, lenses,...
modulator
A modulator is a device or component that modifies a carrier signal in order to encode information for transmission over a...
fiber optic faceplate
A plate made up of thousands of glass fibers arranged parallel to one another, i.e., in a coherent bundle, and fused...
optical ceramics
Transparent glassy and or crystalline structured materials engineered from inorganic, non-metallic materials via various...
chirped-pulse amplification laser
A laser whose pulses are expanded, using gratings and optical fibers, before amplification and compressed to increase beam...
axial vapor-phase deposition
A vapor-phase oxidation process for fabricating graded-index optical fibers. It differs from outside vapor phase deposition...
photonic crystals
Photonic crystals are artificial structures or materials designed to manipulate and control the flow of light in a manner...
optical cements and adhesive
Optical cements and adhesives are specialized materials used in the assembly and bonding of optical components in optical...
fiber optic probe
A flexible single- or multifiber cable having a bundle of glass fibers arranged to transmit an image.
optoelectronics
Optoelectronics is a branch of electronics that focuses on the study and application of devices and systems that use light...
multileg lightguide
A fiber optic bundle split along its length with the ends of the fibers extending separately to illuminate different points...
chalcogenide
Chalcogenide refers to a class of compounds containing elements from group 16 of the periodic table, which includes sulfur...
fiber optic field flattener
A plate consisting of fused optical fibers with both surfaces ground and polished, and having the entrance surface curved to...
gradient-index profile
The term gradient-index profile refers to a specific type of refractive index distribution within an optical material. In...
fiber-coupled photoconductive antenna
A fiber-coupled photoconductive antenna (FCPA) is a type of optoelectronic device that combines a photoconductive antenna...
evanescent field theory
A high-frequency approach to the propagation of light in graded-index fibers in which the modal field is represented in...
fiber optic cable assembly
A fiber optic cable assembly refers to a complete unit consisting of optical fibers, connectors, protective jackets, and...
histochemical staining
Histochemical staining is a laboratory technique used in biology and medicine to visualize specific chemical components...
splitting ratio
A ratio expressing the difference in power between the output fibers of a coupler or splitter.
electron-beam recording
The recording of the information contained in a modulated electron beam onto photographic or silicon resin-coated materials....
mode scrambler
A device for inducing mode coupling in an optical fiber. Also, a device composed of one or more optical fibers in which...
aligned bundle
An assembly of fibers in which the coordinates of each fiber are the same at the two ends of the bundle. Also called...
impurity level
In the context of optical materials, the term "impurity level" refers to the presence of foreign atoms or molecules within...
ribbon cable
A cable that incorporates multiple fibers, jacketed side by side in a ribbonlike form.
fiber optic imaging bundle
A fiber optic imaging bundle is a specialized optical device composed of multiple optical fibers bundled together. Each...
light pipe
Transparent matter that usually is drawn into a cylindrical, pyramidical or conical shape through which light is channeled...
embedded laser
The term "embedded laser" typically refers to a laser device that is integrated or embedded into a larger system or...
multifiber cable
Fiber optic cable bearing many fibers independently sheathed and capable of carrying unrelated signals. They often surround...
jacket
The outer material that surrounds and protects the buffered and unbuffered fibers in an optical cable.
energy-sharing laser
A laser that distributes its output power among two, three or four optical fibers simultaneously.
blown fiber
A technique developed by British Telecom in which the viscous drag of air is used to install optical fibers in narrow...
coherent fiber bundle
A coherent fiber bundle (CFB), also known as a coherent fiber optic bundle, is an assembly of multiple optical fibers...
modified chemical vapor deposition
Modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) is a technique used in the fabrication of optical fibers. It is a specialized form...
fiber-lens fusing
A method of terminating optical fibers by forming a lens directly on the end of the fiber, eliminating the need for precise...
randomized fiber optic cable
Fiber optic cable in which the arrangement of fibers within the bundle has been made random so that output light will be...
optical assembly
An optical assembly refers to a collection of optical components that are carefully arranged and aligned to perform a...
dispersion-shifted fiber
A dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF) refers to a type of optical fiber designed to minimize the effects of chromatic dispersion,...
stress corrosion
A type of fatigue found in optical fibers, caused by water or another corroding agent.
reference surface
The surface of an optical fiber that is used as a reference when joining optical fibers. Although the outermost cladding is...
optical switching
Optical switching refers to the process of controlling the routing or transmission of optical signals within a network using...
interstitial absorbing coating
An absorbing coating medium between fibers, used in some fused fiber optic plates to absorb unwanted light. Such coatings...
loose-tube buffering
In fiber optic cable, containment of the fiber or fibers within an outer protective tube in which they can move to some...
cladding
The low-refractive-index material that surrounds the core of an optical fiber to contain core light while protecting against...
pyrolysis
A process that employs heat to remove polyimide plastic coatings from silica optical fibers and capillary tubing.
lasing medium
The material that produces stimulated emission from within a laser oscillator. Laser gain media may vary from...
incoherent bundle
A bundle of filaments of optical glass or other transparent materials that transmit only light, not optical images. The...
fiberscope
An optical instrument consisting of an objective lens, a coherent (usually flexible) fiber bundle and an eyepiece to examine...
extrinsic fiber loss
A type of optical fiber loss resulting from the misalignment of fibers in a splice or connector.
ultraviolet fiber optics
Ultraviolet (UV) fiber optics refers to optical fibers that are designed and optimized for the transmission of ultraviolet...
gap loss
The optical power loss caused by a space between axially aligned fibers.
splitting uniformity
When splitting the output of a single optical fiber into two or more fibers, the difference in the maximum loss between any...
optical manufacturing tools and machinery
Optical manufacturing tools and machinery encompass a wide range of equipment, instruments, and systems used in the...
MEMS fiber optic switch
A MEMS fiber optic switch is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device designed to selectively route optical signals...
time-sharing laser
A laser fitted with up to eight optical fibers that transmit the energy to different workstations in turn.
V-groove
A V-shaped channel pressed or etched into a substrate, in which, for example, optical fibers may be placed to create an...
optical fiber
Optical fiber is a thin, flexible, transparent strand or filament made of glass or plastic used for transmitting light...
boule
1. A group of optical fibers that are fused and then treated to produce a vacuum-tight optical fiber cone or plate. 2. An...
fiber optic transceiver
A fiber optic transceiver, often simply referred to as an "optical transceiver," is a device used in fiber optic...
fiber bundle
A rigid or flexible, concentrated assembly of glass or plastic fibers used to transmit optical images or light. See aligned...
fiber optic window
The face of a cathode-ray tube (CRT) that has a fiber optic sheet attached to its surface. The sheet's fibers are at right...
electro-optic modulator
An electro-optic modulator (EOM) is a device used to modulate the amplitude, phase, or polarization of light waves using an...
double-clad fiber
Double-clad fiber (DCF) is a specialized optical fiber that features two concentric cladding layers surrounding a core. The...
multifibers
An array of optically distinct fibers that are fused into one strand. They are used to keep the resolution efficiency of the...
fiber optic sensor
A fiber optic sensor is a device that uses optical fibers to detect and measure physical, chemical, biological, or...
fiber optics
The use of thin flexible glass or plastic fibers as wave guides — or "light pipes" — to channel light from one...
fiber optic cable
A package for an optical fiber or fibers that may include cladding, buffering, strength members and an outer jacket.
noncoherent bundle
An assembly of optical fibers that will not transmit coherent images or information because the relationship of the fibers...
outside vapor-phase oxidation
A process for the production of optical fibers. A glass bait is rotated in a traversing flame of a reaction burner....
window
1. A piece of glass with plane parallel surfaces used to admit light into an optical system and to exclude dirt and...
marhic method
Nondestructive measurement of the delta and alpha of clad optical fibers that involves interferometry with the fiber...
sapphire optical fiber
Sapphire optical fiber is a type of optical fiber made from single-crystal sapphire, which is a form of aluminum oxide...
optical microphone
Laser-powered telephone device for analog communications that employs a vibrating plastic membrane as a transmitter to...
intrinsic joint loss
Loss intrinsic to the fiber caused by parameter (core dimension, profile parameter) mismatches when two nonidentical fibers...
microbubble resonator
A microbubble resonator is a device used in photonics and optical physics for the precise manipulation of light waves. It...
plasma chemical vapor deposition
The use of a plasma to induce the formation of oxides in the production of graded-index optical fibers.
stress-applying part
In polarization-preserving optical fibers, the element used to induce birefringence. The SAP is highly doped to provide a...
fiber optic spectrometer
A fiber optic spectrometer is a device used for measuring the spectral content of light. It utilizes optical fibers to...
proof stressing
A means of testing the strength of optical fibers to ensure reliability, by applying stress to the fiber so that any flaws...
image transducer
Any arrangement of a bundle of optical fibers that alters the shape of the image. For example, by systematic regulation of...
optical fiber optic switches
Optical fiber optic switches are devices used in optical fiber communication systems to selectively route optical signals...
Brillouin scattering
Brillouin scattering is a phenomenon in physics where an incident electromagnetic wave (usually light) interacts with...
multifiber joint
A fiber optic connector or splice that mates two multifiber cables, optically aligning all of the individual fibers...
mandrel
A shaft, spindle or any object generally passed through a workpiece to hold, support or shape a particular piece during its...
fiber Bragg grating
A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of optical filter that is inscribed or "written" into the core of an optical fiber. It...
microbending loss
Transmission loss in optical fibers caused by packaging processes; it is considered a power-coupling effect from the guided...
planar access coupler
Low-insertion-loss fiber coupler fabricated from a sheet of light-sensitive material laminated onto a fused quartz substrate...
revolving lens fiber optic scanner
A sequential scanning device, utilizing a revolving lens, in which the cathode-ray tube image is transformed into a circle...
first window
The spectral transmission window in silica-based fibers between 830 and 850 nm.
galvo-directing mirrors
A system of mirrors that can be used to direct light from a single laser source into any one of a number of separate optical...
holmium laser
Holmium lasers are a type of medical laser that utilizes holmium-doped crystals as the gain medium. The term holmium laser...
hair-trigger operation
Triggering a laser at a predetermined time by pumping it to a level just below its threshold and then using an auxiliary...
fiber-based confocal luminescence microscope
A microscope in which laser light is delivered through single-mode fibers that replace the pinhole usually used in confocal...
edge-emitting LED
An edge-emitting light-emitting diode is a type of LED structure where light emission occurs primarily along the edge of the...
w-type fibers
germanium crystal
Germanium crystal refers to a crystalline form of the element germanium (Ge), which is a metalloid and semiconductor...
plastic jackets
The direct cladding used for fused silica cores to create large numerical aperture fibers and used as overcoats to...
section converter
An arrangement of optical fibers in a bundle whereby the geometric configuration of the input end differs from that of the...
mode filter
A device used in measuring the attenuation of multimode optical fibers. A short reference length of fiber when combined with...
nonlinear optical materials
Nonlinear optical materials are substances that exhibit optical properties that are not linearly proportional to the...
optical time-domain reflectometer
An optical time-domain reflectometer (OTDR) is a specialized instrument used in optical fiber communications to characterize...
splice tray
A container that prevents spliced fibers from becoming damaged or being misplaced.
monomer exchange diffusion
Process that occurs when a polymerized soft plastic rod with higher refractive index is placed in a bath of a lower...
plastic optical fiber
Plastic optical fiber (POF) is a type of optical fiber made from transparent plastic, typically polymethylmethacrylate...
hard elastics
High-modulus elastic fibers that exhibit the following differences from conventional elastic fibers: Increasing temperature...
polarization-insensitive operation
Capability requirement for optical switches for transmission lines to process arbitrarily polarized light because of the...
inside vapor-phase oxidation
A method that produces low-loss optical fibers. A glass tube rotates while reactants pass through the tube and heat is...
cathode-ray tube faceplate
A fiber optic end plate constructed by drawing a bundle of parallel fibers embedded in glass and cutting it into thin...
fiber optic preform
A fiber optic preform is a cylindrical glass rod or tube used as the starting material for manufacturing optical fibers. It...
optical testing instrument
An optical testing instrument is a device or system used to evaluate and measure the performance, quality, and...
fiber-linked array image formatter
A wide-field multiobject spectroscopy system used in astronomy, in which a bundle of low-loss optical fibers positioned on...
fundamental mode
The lowest order mode of a waveguide. In fibers, the mode designated LP01 or HE11.
fiber lapping
A method of optical fiber coupling in which the fibers are ground down to expose their cores and placed together to allow...

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