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Zurich Instruments AG - Lock-In Amplifiers 4/24 LB
grating Dictionary Terms

rainbow hologram
Essentially, a hologram of a hologram, in which the first-generation hologram is masked with a narrow slit. During image reconstruction, the slit operates as the exit pupil in image space. The hologram's white-light exit pupil is spread out to form...
grating spectrometer
A spectrometer that uses a grating to diffract light into specific wavelengths.
lamellar grating
A grating with ridges of rectangular cross section, generally equal in width to the space between. This type of grating may...
Rowland mounting
The mounting of a concave diffraction grating and a plate holder at the ends of a rigid bar. The ends follow separate...
Czerny-Turner design
A form of monochromator optical system consisting of two spherical concave mirrors used in conjunction with a movable...
Ronchi grating
A transparent plate ruled with black lines and equal, clear spaces. It is used as a multiple knife-edge for testing a...
ultrasonic cross grating
A two- or three-dimensional space grating formed when ultrasonic beams with varied paths of propagation intersect.
Rowland ghosts
In spectroscopy, the false images arranged symmetrically on both sides of the true line and caused by irregularities in the...
spectrofluorometer
An automatic scanning instrument that is used to study a substance's fluorescence over a wide range of wavelengths. It...
piecewise interferometry
An interferometric technique for the generation of precision gratings that allows for sequential exposure of small segments...
optical spectrum
1.) Generally, the electromagnetic spectrum within the wavelength region extending from the vacuum ultraviolet at 40 nm to...
diffraction grating spectrograph
A spectrograph that uses a diffraction grating as its dispersive element in place of a prism, and yields greater resolving...
chirped-pulse amplification laser
A laser whose pulses are expanded, using gratings and optical fibers, before amplification and compressed to increase beam...
filter grating
A grating used as a reflectance filter, particularly in the far-infrared. Small plane gratings, blazed for the wavelength of...
hyperspectral imaging camera
A hyperspectral imaging camera is a sophisticated imaging device capable of capturing and processing data across a wide...
Bragg grating
A filter that separates light into many colors via Bragg's law. Generally refers to a fiber Bragg grating used in optical...
Dammann grating
A Dammann grating is a type of diffractive optical element (DOE) used to create an array of equally spaced,...
high-index-contrast subwavelength grating
A superthin, highly reflective mirror.
echelette grating
A diffraction grating with lines and grooves formed so as to concentrate the radiation of a particular wavelength into one...
plane grating
A transmission or reflecting grating with a flat or plane surface requiring a lens or concave mirror to focus the spectrum.
diffractive optics
Optical elements that use diffraction to control wavefronts. Diffractive optical elements include diffraction gratings,...
distributed Bragg reflector
A device similar to distributed feedback lasers in construction and operation, but in which the period grating that produces...
Wadsworth mounting
A system used for gratings that consists of a concave mirror, a grating and a plate holder mounted normal to the grating to...
phase mask
In optics and photolithography, a phase mask refers to a device that modifies the phase of light waves passing through it....
fiber laser
A fiber laser is a type of laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth ions such as...
multichannel direct-reading spectrometer
An instrument that contains a spectrograph with a grating in which an array of slits, in place of a photographic plate, is...
diffraction grating
A diffraction grating is an optical component consisting of a surface with a periodic structure of equally spaced, parallel...
accumulator
A broadband continuum resonator that confines a wide range of wavelengths. From the optical confinement a single wavelength...
concave grating
A reflecting grating ruled on a concave spherical surface that not only disperses the light but focuses the spectrum. The...
vacuum spectrography
The technique of producing spectrograms in wavelengths beyond 120 nm by the use of a diffraction grating and a Schumann...
grating substrate
The substrate upon which a diffraction grating will be ruled. It must be dimensionally stable, and the surface must be...
scanning moire topography
A contour mapping technique that uses electronic scanning and sampling techniques instead of a reference grating (see moire...
replica grating
A reproduction made of an original grating -- usually by casting thermosetting plastics onto the original -- to avoid the...
monochromator
A monochromator is an optical instrument used to isolate and select a narrow range of wavelengths from a broader spectrum of...
ghost
1. A faint second image caused by reflection that is sometimes seen when observing through an optical instrument. 2. With...
first-order spectrum
The separate spectral lines formed by a diffraction grating that are characterized by one wavelength difference in path...
freeform mirrors
Freeform mirrors refer to reflective optical components that deviate from traditional symmetric or rotationally symmetric...
fiber optic sensor
A fiber optic sensor is a device that uses optical fibers to detect and measure physical, chemical, biological, or...
retinal reflectometry
The study of the quality of the image formed on the retina by the measurement of the flux reflected from the eye when the...
activity
1. Synonymous with radioactivity. The intensity of a radioactive source illustrated as the number of atoms disintegrating in...
concave holographic grating
The generation of a grating on a concave spherical blank by the holographic process. In this way, ghost images and intense...
pulse compression
A means of achieving higher peak powers and more efficient harmonic generation by narrowing the pulse width and thus...
laser spark spectroscopy
A method of analysis in which a pulsed laser beam is used to heat a particle, producing a plasma, or laser spark. As the...
near-field holography
A lithography method that allows the transfer of fine-pitch gratings from a phase mask into photoresist. The exposure takes...
optical grating reflectance evaluator
A device for measuring diffraction grating efficiency at any angle of incidence, consisting of a reflectometer wherein the...
radial grating
A grating in which the wires or rods are set radially within a circular structure.
angular spectrum approach
The angular spectrum approach is a mathematical and computational technique used in the field of optics to analyze and...
far-infrared grating
A grating with very coarse rulings to match the long wavelengths in the far-infrared region. In the most efficient ruling...
moiré deflectometry
An optical interference technique widely utilized as a method of nondestructive testing when determining the ray deflection...
tristimulus integration
Computation of tristimulus values by integrating or summing, over the visible wavelength region, the product of the relative...
Debye-Sears ultrasonic cell
A device used in ultrasonic imaging to measure the velocity and attenuation of compressional waves in a transparent liquid...
reflection grating
A reflection grating is an optical component that consists of a series of closely spaced, parallel reflecting surfaces or...
free-space optical interconnect
A type of internal photonic connection in an integrated circuit in which a holographic grating is used to focus light at...
micro-optics
Micro-optics refers to the design, fabrication, and application of optical components and systems at a microscale level....
laser velocimeter
A system that uses a continuous-wave laser to measure the velocity of an object by focusing the laser beam on the object,...
echelle
A grating that serves to provide higher resolution and dispersion than the average grating, and still has a greater free...
Ronchi test
More efficient than the Foucault knife-edge test, this test examines curved mirrors by using a transmission grating with 40...
grating spectroscope
A spectroscope having a diffraction grating for the resolution of light of various wavelengths.
zero-order transmission grating
A polyethylene grating that transmits the long wavelengths and diffracts shorter wavelengths in controlled directions.
ultrasonic grating constant
The space between diffracting centers of an ultrasonic wave that is forming certain light diffraction spectra.
nonmonotonic cell
Used in halftone screens to change the fundamental sampled spatial frequency of the halftoned picture, as well as varying...
covered groove
A technique used in integrated optics where a groove is cut on a substrate surface and covered by a thin film to facilitate...
fiber Bragg grating
A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of optical filter that is inscribed or "written" into the core of an optical fiber. It...
blaze
1. A plane that forms one side of the groove ruled on a diffraction grating. 2. To form the individual grooves of a grating...
holographic grating
A holographic grating is a type of diffraction grating that is produced using holographic recording techniques. It consists...
GaN distributed feedback lasers
GaN (gallium nitride) distributed feedback (DFB) lasers refer to a specific type of semiconductor laser based on Gallium...
grating beamsplitter
A grating beamsplitter is an optical device that utilizes the principles of diffraction to split a beam of light into...
primary spectrum
The first-order spectrum formed by a diffraction grating.
moiré topography
Contour mapping technique that involves positioning a grating close to an object and observing its shadow on the object...
optical design software
Optical design software refers to specialized computer programs used by optical engineers, physicists, and designers to...
zero-order reflection grating
A grating that specularly reflects the specified long radiation wavelengths and diffracts the shorter wavelengths off in...
optical grating
An optical grating, in the context of optics and physics, refers to a device with a periodic structure of closely spaced,...
spectrograph
An optical instrument for forming the spectrum of a light source and recording it on a film. The dispersing medium may be a...
distributed feedback laser
A distributed feedback laser (DFB laser) is a type of semiconductor laser diode designed to emit coherent, narrow-bandwidth...
spectral order (diffraction grating)
When, for example, a beam of monochromatic light passes through a diffraction grating, the emergent rays that have remained...
Paschen-Runge mounting
A mounting used for large concave gratings, whereby the slit, grating and plate holder lie in the Rowland circle, and the...
modulated grating hologram
A computer-generated, phase-and-amplitude, off-axis hologram made by a multi-exposure technique that uses three computer...
echelle grating
A specialized form of diffraction grating consisting of assembled glass plates of equal thickness that resemble a flight of...
blaze height
Blaze height typically refers to a parameter in the context of diffraction gratings, which are optical devices consisting of...
grating monochromator
An optical instrument used to isolate a narrow bandwidth of optical radiation using a diffraction grating as the dispersive...
light dispersion
The process whereby white light is separated into its component wavelengths. Light beams of different wavelengths are...
diffraction efficiency
Diffraction efficiency is a measure of how effectively a diffractive optical element (DOE) or diffraction grating directs...
grating spectrograph
objective grating
A coarse diffraction grating that is used to form a scale of intensities to determine the relative magnitudes of stars. The...
crystal grating
A crystal that may serve as a diffraction grating if mounted effectively.
sheet grating
A three-dimensional grating designed with thin metal sheets to remain opaque to all but one specific and predetermined wave.
cathode sputtering
The method of disintegrating the substance of the cathode by bombarding it with ions and depositing it on another electrode...
transmission grating
A transparent diffraction grating that serves to transmit light.
x-ray diffraction
The bending of x-rays by the regular layers of molecules in a crystal acting like a very small diffraction grating. The...
entrance slit
The entrance slit, also known simply as the slit, is an essential component in optical instruments such as spectrometers and...
Rowland circle
The circle that contains the slit, grating and primary astigmatic focus of a concave diffraction grating.
chirped-pulse amplification
Chirped pulse amplification (CPA) is a technique used in laser physics to amplify ultrashort laser pulses to high energies...
plane holographic grating
The generation of a grating on a flat surface by means of a series of interference fringes formed by a holographic process....
flame photometer
Any of a number of instruments that uses a flame to vaporize a solution of the chemical being analyzed so that light may be...
moiré pattern
The resulting interference pattern generated from moiré deflectometry, the moiré pattern is a pattern...
projection moire topography
A contour mapping technique that involves projection of a grating onto an object to produce a shadow grating that is...
grating
A framework or latticework having an even arrangement of rods, or any other long narrow objects with interstices between...
infrared spectrophotometer
A spectrophotometer having a prism or, more frequently, a grating for the study and recording of infrared spectra. It...
astigmatic spectral line
In an astigmatic grating, the image of the entrance slit located at the primary focus.
grating prism
A specific, right-angle prism having a transmission grating replicated on its hypotenuse face and used in applications...
atomic emission spectrometry
Spectrometric analysis of the distinct and characteristic spectra of atoms of elements. The atoms are energized to emit...
dielectric coated grating
A shallow, fine-pitch diffraction grating having a precise dielectric overcoating that experimentally has absorbed...
integrating sphere
A hollow sphere coated internally with a white diffusing material and provided with openings for incident beam, specimen and...
fiber optic spectrometer
A fiber optic spectrometer is a device used for measuring the spectral content of light. It utilizes optical fibers to...
acousto-optic tunable filter
A bulk crystalline optic which permits the propagation of light through a volume of index altered material. The variation in...

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