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integrated circuit Dictionary Terms

photonic cavity
A photonic cavity, also known as an optical cavity, is a structure that confines electromagnetic radiation within a certain...
integrated circuit
Multiple, interconnected circuit elements, contained on or in a common substrate, that function as a unit and not separately.
doping
In the context of materials science and semiconductor physics, doping refers to the intentional introduction of impurities...
optoelectronic integrated circuit
A monolithic device containing both photonic and electronic sources, detectors, modulators, etc., on a single semiconductor...
photolithography
Photolithography is a key process in the manufacturing of semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, and...
hybrid mosaic on stacked silicon
A sensor module used in advanced pattern recognition systems, containing signal-processing integrated circuits stacked and...
integrated photonics
Integrated photonics is a field of study and technology that involves the integration of optical components, such as lasers,...
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
Complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) refers to a technology used in the fabrication of integrated circuits,...
semiconductor
A semiconductor is a type of material that has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. In...
chalcogenide
Chalcogenide refers to a class of compounds containing elements from group 16 of the periodic table, which includes sulfur...
epitaxial deposition
Epitaxial deposition is a process used in semiconductor manufacturing and materials science to grow a thin crystalline...
epitaxial
Epitaxial refers to the growth of a crystalline layer on a crystalline substrate in such a way that the orientation of the...
photomask
A photomask, also known simply as a mask or reticle, is a key component in the photolithography process used in...
photoresist
Photoresist is a light-sensitive material used in photolithography processes, particularly in the fabrication of...
optical interconnection
The use of photonic devices rather than electronic devices to make connections within and between integrated circuits.
free-space optical interconnect
A type of internal photonic connection in an integrated circuit in which a holographic grating is used to focus light at...
laser resistor trimming
In hybrid or monolithic integrated circuits, the laser ablation of a portion of resistor material to achieve the design...
indium phosphide
Indium phosphide (InP) is a compound semiconductor material composed of indium (In) and phosphorus (P). It belongs to the...
probe card
A probe card is a testing device used in the semiconductor manufacturing industry to evaluate and test the electrical...
vacuum chamber
A vacuum chamber is a sealed enclosure from which air and other gases are removed to create a low-pressure environment,...
hybrid optical integrated circuit
Device in which the various circuit elements are fabricated in different substrate materials and then appropriately joined...
chip
1. A localized fracture at the end of a cleaved optical fiber or on a glass surface. 2. An integrated circuit.
mask
1. A framelike structure that serves to restrict the viewing area of the screen when placed before a television picture...
via
In integrated circuits, a pathway, hole, or other passage through the substrate.
hybrid circuit
Any integrated circuit that also makes use of one or more discrete components; frequently used to describe circuits that...
wafer
In the context of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing, a wafer refers to a thin, flat disk or substrate made of a...
epitaxial equipment
Epitaxial equipment refers to a set of specialized tools and systems used in the process of epitaxy, which is the growth of...
substrate
A substrate refers to a material or surface upon which another material or process is applied or deposited. In various...
die bonding
Die bonding is a critical process in semiconductor manufacturing and microelectronics assembly, where a semiconductor die or...
lithography
Lithography is a key process used in microfabrication and semiconductor manufacturing to create intricate patterns on the...
nanoimprint lithography
Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a nanolithography technique used for fabricating nanoscale patterns on a substrate. It is a...
metasurfaces
Metasurfaces are two-dimensional arrays of subwavelength-scale artificial structures, often referred to as meta-atoms or...
photonic integrated circuit
A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) is a compact and integrated device that incorporates multiple photonic components and...
x-ray lithography
A method of projecting integrated circuit patterns on a silicon wafer using x-ray wavelengths focused through a special mask.
laser-induced cut and patch
A process used in the design, repair and customization of integrated circuits. A low-power laser etches a silicon wafer...
charge-coupled device
A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a type of electronic image sensor used in various imaging devices, including digital...

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