An emission spectrum is a graphical representation or a characteristic pattern of the wavelengths or frequencies of light emitted by a source, such as an atom, molecule, or celestial object. It shows the distribution of emitted light across the...

A quantum well is a structure in quantum mechanics that confines particles, such as electrons or holes, in one spatial...

In the context of materials science and semiconductor physics, doping refers to the intentional introduction of impurities...

Particle acceleration refers to the process by which charged particles, such as electrons or protons, gain kinetic energy...

The study of highly ionized gases. Many phenomena not exhibited by uncharged gases are associated with plasma physics.

An optical clock is a highly precise and advanced timekeeping device that relies on the oscillations of electromagnetic...

Label-free refers to a technique or method that does not require the use of additional labels, tags, or markers to detect or...

Photometry is the branch of science that deals with the measurement of light, particularly in terms of its intensity and the...

A synchrotron is a type of particle accelerator that uses magnetic fields to steer charged particles, typically electrons or...

An ultrafast pulsed laser is a type of laser that emits extremely short pulses of light with durations typically on the...

A time-to-amplitude converter (TAC) is an electronic circuit that converts a time interval between two events into an...

Self-phase modulation (SPM) is a nonlinear optical phenomenon that occurs when an intense laser beam passes through a...

In physics, the law of reversibility is often associated with the concept of reversibility in thermodynamics. The law...

Calorimetry is a branch of science that involves the measurement of heat flow in physical or chemical processes. It...

Topological photonics is a branch of physics and optics that explores the application of topological concepts to the...

Spectral repeatability refers to the consistency and reproducibility of spectral measurements across multiple trials or...

Anisotropy refers to the property of exhibiting different values or characteristics when measured in different directions....

Optics is the branch of physics that studies the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter...

Fluence is a term used in various scientific and technical disciplines to describe the amount of something per unit area....

A fiber laser is a type of laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth ions such as...

The first nonlinear theory in plasma physics that details the time and space evolution of plasma wave instability from a...

Attosecond-pump attosecond-probe spectroscopy (APAP) is an advanced technique in ultrafast spectroscopy that allows...

A microbubble resonator is a device used in photonics and optical physics for the precise manipulation of light waves. It...

A process and method by which manipulation and orientation of a given number of directed laser beams decreases the motion of...

Quantum confinement refers to the phenomenon in quantum mechanics where the motion of charge carriers, such as electrons or...

A magnetometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the strength and/or direction of a magnetic field. It can detect...

Continuous wave (CW) refers to a type of signal or transmission where the signal is constant and does not vary with time. In...

Discipline within optical physics that addresses sound vibration, phonon effects and their influencing behavior within...

The natural log of the ratio of absorbed intensity over the total intensity which gives a constant value assuming a stable...

Cold atoms refer to atoms that have been cooled to extremely low temperatures, typically in the microkelvin (µK) to...

Quantum sensing refers to a class of sensing technologies that leverage principles from quantum mechanics to enhance the...

Metrology is the science and practice of measurement. It encompasses the theoretical and practical aspects of measurement,...

A scintillation detector is a radiation detection device that utilizes scintillation crystals to detect and measure ionizing...

A frequency comb is a precise and regular series of equally spaced spectral lines, or frequencies, that are generated with...

Single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is a specialized technique in biophysics and molecular...

Brillouin scattering is a phenomenon in physics where an incident electromagnetic wave (usually light) interacts with...

Chirped pulse amplification (CPA) is a technique used in laser physics to amplify ultrashort laser pulses to high energies...

A plasma accelerator is a type of particle accelerator that uses electric fields and magnetic fields to accelerate charged...

In photonics, a lattice refers to a periodic arrangement of optical elements or structures, often on a microscopic or...

Raman spectroscopy is a technique used in analytical chemistry and physics to study vibrational, rotational, and other...

A photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a highly sensitive vacuum tube that detects and amplifies low levels of light. It is widely...

An exciton is a quasiparticle that represents the bound state of an electron and a hole in a solid-state material, typically...

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) refers to a phenomenon in wave physics, particularly in optics, where waves, such as light or...

Piezoresistance is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where the electrical resistance of a material changes in...

Mode-locking is a technique used in lasers to produce ultrashort pulses of light with durations on the order of picoseconds,...

1. The branch of physics that deals with the use of electrical energy to create or manipulate light waves, generally by...

A group of related lines that represent transitions between two spectroscopic terms, each of which may be complex. Also in...

In semiconductor physics, the term bandgap refers to the energy range in a material where no electronic states are allowed....

A color center, in the context of materials science and condensed matter physics, refers to a specific type of...

A spectrophotometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the intensity of light at various wavelengths in the...

An optical grating, in the context of optics and physics, refers to a device with a periodic structure of closely spaced,...

1. The variation in intensity of a light beam as it travels through the atmosphere. 2. In radiation physics, a light flash...

A polariton is a quasiparticle resulting from the strong coupling between photons (light particles) and certain types of...

Mie scattering, named after the German physicist Gustav Mie, refers to the scattering of electromagnetic radiation (such as...

A blue diode laser is a type of semiconductor laser that emits light in the blue wavelength range of the electromagnetic...

An advanced technique that allows the detection of one molecule within a crystal or a cell through optical excitation....

In semiconductor physics and materials science, the term "III-V materials" refers to compounds composed of elements from...

A field of physics that deals with light as if it truly were composed of rays diverging in various directions from the...

The term quantum refers to the fundamental unit or discrete amount of a physical quantity involved in interactions at the...

Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the manipulation and control of very small fluid volumes, typically...

Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where two or more particles become correlated to such an extent...

Anisotropic is a term used to describe a material or substance that exhibits different properties or behaviors in different...

An intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera is an advanced imaging device that combines the capabilities of both an...

Polarization refers to the orientation of oscillations in a transverse wave, such as light waves, radio waves, or other...

The Lorentz oscillator model is a theoretical model used in physics to describe the response of a charged particle (such as...

A vibrational transition refers to a change in the vibrational energy of a molecule. Molecules consist of atoms that are...

Dewetting is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where a thin film or coating spontaneously undergoes a process of...

A nitrogen vacancy (NV) refers to a specific type of defect or impurity in a crystal lattice where a nitrogen atom replaces...

An EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge-coupled device) camera is a type of scientific camera specifically designed for...

The study of the physics of x-rays, where the x-rays exhibit properties similar to those of lightwaves. Also called Roentgen...

The Casimir force is a quantum phenomenon that results in an attractive force between two closely spaced uncharged...

A Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that forms at temperatures close to absolute zero. It is named after...

Magneto-optics refers to the study and manipulation of the interaction between magnetic fields and light (electromagnetic...

Optical design and engineering services involve the development, customization, and optimization of optical systems and...

The displacement of spectrum lines, as determined by the increasing distance between, and the relative velocity of, the...

Resonance can be defined in various contexts, including physics, chemistry, and music. Here are definitions for resonance in...

A phonon is a quantum of vibrational energy associated with the periodic motion of atoms or molecules in a crystalline...

Topology is a branch of mathematics that focuses on the properties of space that are preserved under continuous...

Fluorescence lifetime refers to the average time it takes for a fluorophore, a molecule that absorbs light at one wavelength...

Quantum-enhanced metrology refers to the use of quantum mechanics principles and techniques to enhance the precision and...

Attenuation refers to the gradual loss or reduction of intensity, force, or magnitude of a particular property as it...

Luminescence is the emission of light that occurs without the involved substance undergoing a significant increase in...

The term "Rydberg atom" refers to an atom in a highly excited state where one or more of its electrons are in a Rydberg...

Optical tweezers refer to a scientific instrument that uses the pressure of laser light to trap and manipulate microscopic...

Bohr's formulation that every new theoretical principle must correspond to the salient classical predecessor. The principle...

In physics, momentum transfer is the amount of momentum transferred from one particle to another during particle collision...

Spectroscopy is a technique used in the study of interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiation. It involves...

Backscatter refers to the phenomenon in which radiation or waves are scattered backward, opposite to the direction of the...

In physics, nuclear fusion refers to the process in which two atomic nuclei come together to form a heavier nucleus,...

A vacuum chamber is a sealed enclosure from which air and other gases are removed to create a low-pressure environment,...

The concept of the de Broglie wavelength exploits the wave-particle duality of quantum physics by associating all matter (of...

A free-electron laser (FEL) is a type of laser that generates coherent, high-intensity electromagnetic radiation by using a...

A femtosecond laser is a type of laser that emits ultrashort pulses of light with durations on the order of femtoseconds,...

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is a technique used in photon counting applications, particularly in the...

That portion of physics concerned with motion in the abstract, such as of points or space figures, and separated from its...