Often referred to as the geometric center of a given image or image plane, the centroid of an image is a fixed point located at the intersection of all of the hyperplanes of symmetry within that image. The hyperplane of symmetry is a geometrical...

A resampling and interpolation method that uses only the value of the nearest neighbor pixel, while not considering values...

A pixel-based computer graphics system that simulates the tools of an artist.

An imaging technique that labels all gray pixels as either black or white before processing begins.

A small section of the surface of a sensor corresponding to a single pixel in the image.

A contraction for "texture element." A base unit used in computer graphics that defines the surface of three-dimensional...

Image enhancement operations that involve altering gray-scale values. For instance, brightness sliding involves adding or...

An electrowetting display (EWD) is a type of electronic display technology that utilizes the principles of electrowetting to...

In image processing, a morphology operator in which a structuring element or probe of a particular shape is moved over the...

An electrophoretic display, often referred to as an electronic paper display or e-paper display, is a type of electronic...

An event-based image sensor, also known as a dynamic vision sensor (DVS), is a type of digital imaging device designed to...

A CCD image sensor, or charge-coupled device image sensor, is a type of electronic device used to convert optical images...

In image processing and machine vision, the rate of change of pixel intensity.

A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a type of electronic image sensor used in various imaging devices, including digital...

Micro-LED (micro-light-emitting diode) refers to a technology that involves the use of very small light-emitting diodes to...

An array of active optical devices (modulators, laser diodes and/or detectors), each of whose electrical inputs or outputs...

Ray tracing is a rendering technique used in computer graphics to simulate the way light interacts with objects in a scene....

A data transfer function that moves a rectangular group of pixels between bit maps. Often used in displaying cursors and...

In image processing, a method of local smoothing by replacing each pixel with the median gray level of neighboring pixels.

In image processing, a morphology operator in which a structuring element or probe of a particular shape is moved over the...

Pixel pitch refers to the distance between the centers of two adjacent pixels on a display screen or imaging sensor. It is...

The ratio of active to inactive areas on a pixel.

A machine vision lens is a specialized optical lens designed for use in machine vision systems, which are used for automated...

In image processing, the mathematical relationships that link pixel brightnesses of input images to those of output images...

A type of mosaic detector array that combines features of scanning and staring sensors by using a small rapid scanning...

A device where each pixel in the detector array is mated with a preamplifier on a single silicon chip, providing sensing and...

The number of electrons that each pixel of a charge-coupled device can hold without overflowing and causing blooming.

In display technology, an expression of resolution given by the number of pixels in both the horizontal and the vertical...

In computer graphics, the assignment of each pixel on a display screen to its own switch in the computer memory.

A CCD camera, or charge-coupled device camera, is a type of digital camera that utilizes a CCD image sensor to capture and...

An image-enhancement technique in which each pixel is subjected to a mathematical operation that groups it with its nearest...

An OLED display that has an integrated electronic backplane as its substrate. Active-matrix OLED displays use at least two...

1. A device used to trace out an object and build up an image. One of the most common of these types is video scanning. The...

Fixed-pattern noise is the measure of the static (nontemporal) differences between pixels when the detector is evenly...

It is often necessary to estimate the value of what a pixel would be between neighboring pixels. This is accomplished by...

When applied to LCD grids, the active matrix is a means of supplying power to pixels by use of a transistor and capacitor....

In imaging technology, a device that converts raster or line-scan data to pixel form for further processing.

A liquid crystal light valve (LCLV), also known as a spatial light modulator (SLM), is an optical device that modulates the...

A step-by-step method of reducing the amount of data in a digital video signal to transmit or store a high-quality image....

An image consisting of an array of pixels that can have more than two values (black and white). Typically, up to 16 levels...

The process of defining a specific intensity level for determining which of two values will be assigned to each pixel in...

In image processing, the assigning of certain portions (or pixels) of an image a constant value of either 0 (black) or 1...

Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) is a display technology that combines liquid crystal materials with silicon-based...

An OLED display formed by creating an array of OLED pixels connected by intersecting anode and cathode conductors arranged...

A mode of laser printing in which each pixel is printed four times, providing sharper lines and a continuous tone from...

Interferometric modulator display (IMOD) is a type of display technology used in electronic devices, known for its energy...

In target tracking, a technique for speeding up the image processing by removing bunches of pixels that are outside the area...

An EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge-coupled device) camera is a type of scientific camera specifically designed for...

In imaging, the processing of pixel data in such a way that a group of pixels is analyzed at one time rather than one pixel...

A detector array refers to a collection of individual detector elements arranged in a two-dimensional grid or matrix format....

In image processing, the location of edges by employing templates that respond to the first or second derivative of...

In digital image processing, a method of convolution that reduces random noise by replacing the value of each pixel with the...

The optical Fourier transform is a mathematical operation applied to optical signals that involves transforming a spatial...

In image processing, machine vision and television, discrete brightness values quantized for a group of pixels. They can...

In image processing, the memory that stores the values for the point processes. Input pixel values are those for the...

A hyperspectral imaging camera is a sophisticated imaging device capable of capturing and processing data across a wide...

In a color cathode-ray tube, a grouping of three color dots (red, blue and green) that represent one pixel in the final...

In television, the number of individual pixels that can be distinguished in a horizontal scanning line; also called...

A neuromorphic vision sensor is a type of imaging device designed to mimic the structure and functioning of the human visual...

The group of adjacent pixels on which the convolution process is carried out.

A frame taken with a CCD camera over an exposure length of zero seconds with the lens cap on or the shutter closed and no...

An intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera is an advanced imaging device that combines the capabilities of both an...

Spatial resolution refers to the level of detail or granularity in an image or a spatial dataset. It is a measure of the...

Also referred to as image visibility, the contrast of an image is the variation in the intensity of an image formed by an...

An OLED display that has an integrated electronic backplane as its substrate. Active-matrix OLED displays use at least two...

Contraction of "picture element." See pixel.

An LCD that has pixels with no internal drive transistors.

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is a type of light-emitting diode (LED) technology that utilizes organic compounds to...

A pixel, short for "picture element," is the smallest controllable element of a digital image or display. It is a...

A CMOS camera refers to an imaging device that employs a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor to...

A device that prevents electrons from a saturated pixel in a CCD imaging device from spilling into an adjacent pixel. The...

A line-scan camera, also known as a line-scan image sensor or linear array camera, is a type of digital camera designed to...

The finite amount of electrical charge generated in response to incident radiation and transferred from one storage element...

The process of adjusting input pixel by pixel at the filter plane to adapt to nondeal phase behavior in an optical...

The term light field refers to the spatial distribution of light rays traveling in all directions through a given space. It...

A CMOS image sensor, short for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor image sensor, is a type of semiconductor device used...

A method of coding image data by storing in memory only differences in brightness of each pixel from that of its nearest...

A charge-injection device (CID) refers to a class of devices that manipulate and detect electrical charge within a...

In digital image processing, a subcategory of frame processing that treats each pixel in terms of its relationship to...

Combining adjacent pixels into one larger pixel, resulting in increased sensitivity and lower resolution, or, in image...

A linear image sensor is a type of solid-state electronic device used to capture and convert light into electrical signals....

In digital image processing, a subcategory of frame processing that transforms pixel brightness and contrast through use of...

Instantaneous field of view (iFOV) is a term commonly used in the context of remote sensing, imaging systems, and optical...

A method of resampling in which a 16-pixel neighborhood around a given pixel from the original image is used to calculate...

Line scan refers to a method of capturing images or data by scanning a single line at a time, as opposed to capturing the...

An infrared camera, also known as a thermal imaging camera or IR camera, is a device that captures and visualizes the...

A display standard no longer in use and originally defined for IBM PCs, with 640 3 480 pixels in 16 colors and a 4:3 aspect...

Noise created by patterns imaged on a CCD surface. Pixel sensitivity is altered by responsivity during illumination.

The degree to which a pixel in a digital image represents the analog brightness of the corresponding point in the original...

Pixel binning, also known as pixel merging or pixel combining, is a technique used in digital imaging and camera technology....

A group of adjacent pixels in an image representing the same value, as all black in a binary image.