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scattering Dictionary Terms

dynamic light scattering spectroscopy
haze factor
The ratio between the luminescence of an object and the luminescence of the scattering medium through which it is being...
marcuse loss theory
A theoretical analysis of radiation loss from planar optical waveguides due to scattering by surface irregularities/surface...
dust extinction
In atmospheric optics, the almost total blocking of light transmission in the atmosphere due to the scattering and...
light diffusion
Light diffusion refers to the process by which light is scattered or spread out in various directions as it interacts with a...
nonlinear scattering
Direct conversion of a photon from one wavelength to a lower energy photon of another wavelength(s) due to inelastic...
phase conjugation
The use of a reflective device, which can be fashioned from a variety of materials including gases, solids, dyes, aerosols,...
zodiacal light
The sunlight that extends to the earth after scattering from other solar bodies, mostly from meteorite dust of radii...
nanoparticle photonic resonator absorption microscopy
Nanoparticle photonic resonator absorption microscopy is a microscopy technique that combines the principles of photonic...
regular transmittance
The part of incident flux that is transmitted with no scattering.
vesicular image
An image with variations in density due to the differential scattering ability of microscopic bubbles in a transparent layer.
abrasion mark
Optical surface damage due to abrasive rubbing. Abrasion damage affects are less than the thickness of the optical coating...
electron-beam lithography system
An electron-beam lithography (EBL) system is a sophisticated nanofabrication tool used in the semiconductor industry and...
photonic crystals
Photonic crystals are artificial structures or materials designed to manipulate and control the flow of light in a manner...
stimulated Raman scattering
selective transmission
Transmission in different amounts as a function of wavelength, as a result of absorption and scattering, leading to color...
attenuation
Attenuation refers to the gradual loss or reduction of intensity, force, or magnitude of a particular property as it...
Coulomb scattering
The scattering of charged particles, moving through matter, by the electrostatic force exerted by other charged particles.
surface-enhanced Raman scattering
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique that enhances the Raman scattering signal of...
stimulated Brillouin scattering
In Stimulated Brillouin Scattering (SBS), an incident photon (usually laser light) interacts with acoustic phonons in a...
supercontinuum
Supercontinuum refers to a broad spectrum of light that spans a wide range of wavelengths, typically from the visible to the...
optical glass
Optical glass refers to a type of glass specifically engineered and manufactured for use in optical components and systems,...
fiber optic scrambler
A device used for coding messages and having a fiber bundle that is aligned at both ends and scrambled in the middle, potted...
plume
A mixture of ionized gas and metal vapor generated by impingement of the laser beam onto a material being welded or a weld...
Raman effect
When light is transmitted through matter, part of the light is scattered in random directions. A small part of the scattered...
scattering coefficient
The portion of light scattered when traveling through a unit thickness of material.
holographic tomography
Holographic tomography is an advanced imaging technique that combines holography and tomography to provide three-dimensional...
waveguide scattering
Scattering (other than material scattering) that is attributable to variations of geometry and index profile of the...
selective reflection
The reflection in different amounts as a function of wavelength, as a result of absorption and scattering, leading to color...
diamond-turned optic
Diamond turning refers to a precision machining process used to produce complex optical components, particularly lenses and...
Mie scattering
Mie scattering, named after the German physicist Gustav Mie, refers to the scattering of electromagnetic radiation (such as...
optical design and engineering services
Optical design and engineering services involve the development, customization, and optimization of optical systems and...
photon correlation spectroscopy
Spectroscopy used to study the concentration, diffusion and Brownian motion of small particles suspended in a fluid by...
gated image tube
An intensified charge-coupled device that uses a large negative charge at the grid to switch off the flow of electrons at...
critical scattering
Intense scattering in the region of the liquid-gas critical point. At this point the gas will strongly scatter all light to...
opposition effect
Also referred to as the opposition surge, the opposition effect is a photometric phenomenon in which a rough retroreflective...
Brillouin scattering
Brillouin scattering is a phenomenon in physics where an incident electromagnetic wave (usually light) interacts with...
halo
1. The faintly hued ring that is seen to surround a light source viewed through fog or light clouds. The size of scattering...
ground glass
A plate of glass in which a face has been frosted by grinding or etching. It diffuses light by scattering in directions...
topological photonics
Topological photonics is a branch of physics and optics that explores the application of topological concepts to the...
Bragg scattering
The scattering of x-rays by the regularly spaced atoms in a crystal. The angle at which the reflection occurs is known as...
backscatter
Backscatter refers to the phenomenon in which radiation or waves are scattered backward, opposite to the direction of the...
stimulated thermal scattering
Light from a pulsed laser focused into nonsaturable absorbing fluid that generates a strongly backscattered light beam with...
Rayleigh scattering
Rayleigh scattering is a phenomenon that occurs when light waves interact with particles or molecules that are much smaller...
atomic scattering factor
The efficiency of scattering by an atom in a particular direction, expressed as: where AA is the amplitude of the wave from...
haze
An aggravated form of fog in a polished surface caused by the scattering of light. The defects causing haze are larger than...
tissue optics
The study of the optical properties of living tissue. Increased understanding of the behavior of light in this varied,...
beam attenuator
A device designed to decrease flux density or power per unit area of a light beam through absorption and scattering of the...
refracted near-field scattering method
scattering
Change of the spatial distribution of a beam of radiation when it interacts with a surface or a heterogeneous medium, in...
scattered fringe period
Measure of the interference fringe pattern produced by the forward scattering of light by an optical fiber; the fringe...
backscattering coefficient, b
Fraction of light counter propagating collinear with the incident source. Processes considering backscattering are Raman,...
basic roughness
The roughness profile shape from which light scattering is expected to occur.
transverse scattering
The method for measuring the index profile of an optical fiber or preform by illuminating it coherently and transversely to...
Rayleigh line
That element of a spectrum line in scattered radiation having a frequency equal to that of the corresponding incident...
tip-enhanced Raman scattering
Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) is a powerful technique that combines Raman spectroscopy with the enhanced spatial...
transparent
Capable of transmitting light with little absorption and no appreciable scattering or diffusion.
photoacoustic spectroscopy
A method for obtaining the optical absorption spectra of solids, semisolids, liquids and gases. PAS is inherently...
isolator
In the context of electronics and optics, an isolator refers to a device that allows the transmission of signals in one...
coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering
A technique whereby two laser beams, one at an excitation wavelength and the second at a wavelength that produces Stokes...
Raman scattering
laser-light-scattering photometer
A scattering photometer using scattered light in the solid angle 4.51+0 19° with respect to the forward direction, and...
optical theorem
A fundamental law of wave scattering theory that connects the extinction cross section of a scatterer to the real part of...
attenuation coefficient
The rate of diminution of average optical power and the sum of the scattering and absorption coefficients.
material scattering
The total scattering attributable to the intrinsic properties of the materials through which an optical wave is propagating.
transport theory approximations
Multiple scattering method used in biological analysis in which approximations yield simple, explicit solutions, at least...
Callier effect
The selective scattering of light as it passes through a diffusing medium.
cross dispersion
Recombination of only the light that is correctly dispersed by the first stage of a polychromator through its wide...
nonlinear optical materials
Nonlinear optical materials are substances that exhibit optical properties that are not linearly proportional to the...
atmospheric attenuation
The reduction in luminance of a light beam due to absorption and scattering as it passes through the atmosphere.
diffraction efficiency
Diffraction efficiency is a measure of how effectively a diffractive optical element (DOE) or diffraction grating directs...
long-pass filter
A long-pass filter is an optical filter that allows longer wavelengths of light to pass through while blocking or...
bulk scattering
The scattering of light within a medium.
venetian-blind effect
Short-distance scattering of light in holography caused by random index inhomogeneities and the developing index that...
spatially offset Raman spectroscopy
Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) is a technique that extends traditional Raman spectroscopy by incorporating...
dual-wavelength spectrophotometry
Spectrophotometry in which radiation of two separate wavelengths, usually one in an absorption band and the other not, pass...
Thomson scattering
The scattering of electromagnetic waves by free electrons, whereby the incident radiation and the scattered radiation are of...
diffraction scattering
Elastic scattering that occurs when inelastic processes eliminate particles from the beam.
residual absorption and scattering
Loss mechanisms that degrade the performance of all thin-film optical devices by removing radiant flux out of the specular...
polarization
Polarization refers to the orientation of oscillations in a transverse wave, such as light waves, radio waves, or other...
Kubelka-Munk theory
A two-flux theory in which the radiation is assumed to be composed of two oppositely directed radiation fluxes through a...
Touschek effect
Effect whereby two electrons lose synchronism with the accelerating field and are lost during synchronous radiation. The...
Compton scattering
The phenomenon observed by A.H. Compton in 1923 -- that some scattered radiation possesses a longer wavelength and...
Callier coefficient
The coefficient termed by Callier as the ratio between the density of photographic negatives measured by parallel light and...
tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
A spectroscopic technique that combines the high chemical specificity of Raman scattering and signal sensitivity provided by...
elastic scattering
Scattering caused by the interaction between ingoing and outgoing particles of the same type, with no loss of kinetic energy.
Monte Carlo simulation
Simulation of radiative transfer in which each photon is generated by a source and its path through the medium is...
three-photon microscopy
Three-photon microscopy is an advanced imaging technique that belongs to the family of multi-photon microscopy methods. It...
fiber optic sensor
A fiber optic sensor is a device that uses optical fibers to detect and measure physical, chemical, biological, or...
focused laser scattering
A single-particle scattering technique in which an incident laser beam is tightly focused by means of lenses to yield a...
photon jet
A photon jet is a narrow, highly collimated beam of light that is formed when light interacts with small dielectric...
optical noise
Optical noise refers to undesirable fluctuations or disturbances in an optical signal that can affect the quality or...
scattering angle
The angle between the initial and final paths traveled by a scattered particle or photon.
optical cements and adhesive
Optical cements and adhesives are specialized materials used in the assembly and bonding of optical components in optical...
Schlieren photography
The formation of a picture or image in which the density gradients in a volume of flow are rendered visible. The image is...
small-angle x-ray scattering
The investigation of microstructures by an instrument that generates a narrow, highly collimated beam of x-rays.
Raman spectroscopy
Raman spectroscopy is a technique used in analytical chemistry and physics to study vibrational, rotational, and other...
microbubble resonator
A microbubble resonator is a device used in photonics and optical physics for the precise manipulation of light waves. It...
surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an analytical technique that combines the principles of Raman spectroscopy...
electron-gun system
An electron-gun system is an assembly used to generate and control a focused beam of electrons. Electron guns find...
cladding
The low-refractive-index material that surrounds the core of an optical fiber to contain core light while protecting against...

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