A sputtering target is a solid material used in the process of physical vapor deposition (PVD), specifically sputtering. Sputtering targets are typically made of metals, metal alloys, or compounds and serve as the source material from which atoms or...

The intermolecular attraction between two surfaces, as between a substrate and a coating; it is an important factor in the...

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipment refers to a class of specialized apparatus used in the process of chemical vapor...

Reactive evaporation refers to a process in thin-film deposition where a material is deposited onto a substrate through...

Ellipsometry is an optical technique used to characterize the properties of thin films and surfaces. It is based on the...

A set of samples used in the analysis of multielement thin films.

Epitaxial equipment refers to a set of specialized tools and systems used in the process of epitaxy, which is the growth of...

A thin film or coating that forms on various finished surfaces. On optical surfaces it usually denotes aging.

In the context of thin film deposition processes such as evaporation or sputtering, masks are used to selectively deposit...

Transparent glassy and or crystalline structured materials engineered from inorganic, non-metallic materials via various...

The fundamental tool of microdensitometry, the microdensitometer is an instrument used for the precise measurement of...

An antireflection coating (AR coating) is a thin film or coating applied to optical surfaces, such as lenses or windows, to...

Sapphire refers to a crystalline form of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) that is used in various optical and photonic applications...

Light that is emitted from a phosphor film applied to the surface of a three-layer thin film, respectively metal, oxide and...

Chalcogenide refers to a class of compounds containing elements from group 16 of the periodic table, which includes sulfur...

The series of rings or bands formed when light beams reflected from two polished, adjacent surfaces, placed together with a...

An optical testing instrument is a device or system used to evaluate and measure the performance, quality, and...

A technique used in integrated optics where a groove is cut on a substrate surface and covered by a thin film to facilitate...

An interferometer spectrometer designed to measure thicknesses of thin films or layers by recording the interferogram and by...

A cathode-ray tube having a screen that is coated on the back with a thin film of aluminum, which serves to intensify the...

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy is a technique used in analytical chemistry to obtain IR spectra of samples....

An instrument that measures the angle at which a prism can couple laser light into an optical waveguide; used to determine...

In physics, momentum transfer is the amount of momentum transferred from one particle to another during particle collision...

A transmission electron microscope (TEM) is a powerful microscopy technique that uses a beam of electrons to create...

A model that predicts laser-induced damage to thin films caused by irradiation of identical, randomly distributed film...

Laser annealing is a process that involves using a laser beam to heat and modify the microstructure of a material, typically...

Dewetting is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where a thin film or coating spontaneously undergoes a process of...

Plasmon ion-assisted deposition (PIAD) is a technique used in thin-film deposition processes, particularly in the production...

A structure consisting of a thin film of liquid crystal sandwiched between light-polarizing filters that have received a...

Ion-beam sputtering (IBS) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique used for depositing thin films onto substrates. It...

A well controlled thin films technique for growing films with good crystal structure in ultra high vacuum environments at...

The linear relationship between input and output optical fields for a given optical system or application that allows the...

A device used in the sputtering of thin films, in which a magnet system on the back of the cathode deflects the electrons,...

A crucible made of electrically resistive material through which a current is passed to heat the material inside, which then...

Sputtering equipment is machinery used in the process of physical vapor deposition (PVD), specifically sputtering....

Epitaxial refers to the growth of a crystalline layer on a crystalline substrate in such a way that the orientation of the...

A thin film of absorbing or nonabsorbing layers in which the absorption of radiation at any point is directly proportional...

Thin-film deposition equipment refers to machinery and tools used in the process of depositing thin layers of material onto...

Optical manufacturing tools and machinery encompass a wide range of equipment, instruments, and systems used in the...

A thin layer of a substance deposited on an insulating base in a vacuum by a microelectronic process. Thin films are most...

Epitaxial deposition is a process used in semiconductor manufacturing and materials science to grow a thin crystalline...