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Photonics Dictionary

aspheric mirror

An aspheric mirror is an optical mirror surface that deviates from the shape of a perfect sphere, having a non-spherical surface profile. Unlike traditional spherical mirrors, which have a curved surface defined by a single radius of curvature, aspheric mirrors are designed with varying curvatures across their surface to correct aberrations and improve optical performance.

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The purpose of using an aspheric mirror is to reduce or eliminate optical aberrations such as spherical aberration, coma, astigmatism, and distortion that can degrade image quality or focus light incorrectly. By carefully designing the curvature of the mirror's surface, aspheric mirrors can focus light to a smaller spot size, maintain better focus over a wider range of wavelengths, and reduce image distortion, compared to spherical mirrors.

Aspheric mirrors find applications in various optical systems where high precision and optical performance are required, such as camera lenses, telescopes, microscopes, laser systems, and optical instruments. They are particularly valuable in compact optical systems where space constraints limit the use of multiple optical components, as an aspheric mirror can often replace multiple spherical elements, reducing weight, size, and complexity while improving performance.
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