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Photonics Dictionary: R

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resonator

A resonator is a device or system that exhibits resonance, which is a phenomenon that occurs when an external force or stimulus is applied at a specific frequency, causing the system to oscillate...

resorption

The absorption of a material by a medium or system that has formerly been released from absorption by that same medium or system.

retardation plate -> wave plate

An optical element having two principal axes, slow and fast, that resolve an incident polarized beam into two mutually perpendicular polarized beams. The emerging beam recombines to form a particular...

reticulation

The formation of a distinct, irregular surface pattern on a photographic emulsion due to differential swelling of the gelatin.

retinal reflectometry

The study of the quality of the image formed on the retina by the measurement of the flux reflected from the eye when the image of a grating or line is produced on the retina.

retinoscope -> eye test apparatus

Instruments used by ophthalmologists and optometrists to study the eye. There are, for instance, the ophthalmoscope to observe and photograph the retina; the retinoscope and optometer to determine...

retroreflection

Retroreflection is a phenomenon in optics where light is reflected back toward its source, typically in a direction nearly parallel to the direction from which it originated. This occurs due to the...

return to zero

A form of binary notation that includes a third code representing a stop between bits.

revolving lens fiber optic scanner

A sequential scanning device, utilizing a revolving lens, in which the cathode-ray tube image is transformed into a circle of fibers. The rotating lens focuses each fiber successively on a multiplier...

rhomboid prism

A reflecting prism that is rhomboidal in shape. It has two parallel transmitting faces, and two parallel reflecting faces; the latter are oblique to the former (usually but not necessarily at...

ribbon cable

A cable that incorporates multiple fibers, jacketed side by side in a ribbonlike form.

right-angle prism

A type of 45-90-45° prism used to bend a beam of light through a right angle with the surfaces forming the 90° angle acting as transmitting faces.

rim ray

A ray of an image-forming bundle that passes through the edge of the entrance pupil or aperture stop. Usually used in connection with meridian rays, an upper rim ray is one that passes through the...

ring blocking

The formation of a block by attaching optical elements to a plate with a ring of pitch or other thermoplastic material.

ring dye laser

A laser using a dye solution as the active medium whose resonator is formed into a ring (or a triangle or another shape) by means of multiple mirrors.

ring lens

A toric lens generated by rotating a specific cross section about an axis beyond its area and used in the formation of annular images.

ring topology

A system of local area networking in which each node or station is connected to two others, ultimately forming a loop. Data are passed in one direction only, being received by each node and then...

ring-laser gyroscope

A ring laser gyroscope (RLG) is a type of gyroscope that uses laser light to detect and measure changes in orientation. It operates based on the Sagnac effect, which is a fundamental principle of...

ringdown testing

A test method for determining high-reflectivity levels by monitoring cavity decay within a resonant cavity formed by two mirrors under test.

ripples

The approximately concentric waves that form on a surface that has been polished without an oscillation of the polishing lap.

Ritchey-Chretien telescope

A form of Cassegrain telescope having a concave hyperbolic primary and a convex hyperbolic secondary. This form permits the simultaneous correction of spherical aberration and coma.

Rockwell hardness

Rockwell hardness (Rc) refers to a method for measuring the hardness of a material, primarily metals, using an indentation test. It is named after the Rockwell scale, which was developed by Stanley...

Ross lens

A corrective lens system that is placed near the focal plane of a Newtonian telescope to increase its effective field of view by correcting for coma formed by the telescope's paraboloidal mirror.

rotating prism camera

A camera, with a rotating prism, that is capable of forming multiple exposures on a constantly moving strip of film.

RTSP protocol

RTSP, or real-time streaming protocol, is a network control protocol designed for controlling streaming media servers. It is used for establishing and controlling media sessions between endpoints....

Ruticon

A ruticon is an opto-electronic device in which light going through it can be modulated by an electric field. The intensity distribution of the resulting image can be precisely controlled....

Rydberg atom

The term "Rydberg atom" refers to an atom in a highly excited state where one or more of its electrons are in a Rydberg orbital. A Rydberg atom is characterized by having an electron orbit that is...

Photonics DictionaryR

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