An Er:YAG laser is a type of solid-state laser that uses a crystal made of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:Y3Al5O12) as the gain medium. The erbium (Er) ions are introduced into the crystal lattice of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) to...

A regular, periodic, geometric array of points corresponding to the positions of the atoms in a perfect crystal.

Rare earth dopants refer to elements from the lanthanide series, also known as rare earth elements, that are intentionally...

A magnon is a quasiparticle representing a quantized spin wave in a magnetic material. In other words, it is a collective...

A position inside a crystal lattice that is not one of the proper lattice sites in the crystal. Impurity ions of the proper...

In the context of materials science and semiconductor physics, doping refers to the intentional introduction of impurities...

An electromagnon is a quasiparticle excitation that combines aspects of both magnetism and electric polarization in a...

The Weissenberg method, named after the German physicist Karl Weissenberg, is a technique used in x-ray crystallography for...

A color center, in the context of materials science and condensed matter physics, refers to a specific type of...

In photonics, a lattice refers to a periodic arrangement of optical elements or structures, often on a microscopic or...

A scintillation crystal, also known simply as a scintillator, is a material that emits light when it interacts with ionizing...

Epitaxial deposition is a process used in semiconductor manufacturing and materials science to grow a thin crystalline...

In the context of optical materials, the term "impurity level" refers to the presence of foreign atoms or molecules within...

A homogeneous solid solution with crystal lattice sites occupied, at random, by the molecules or ions of two or more...

A phonon is a quantum of vibrational energy associated with the periodic motion of atoms or molecules in a crystalline...

A scintillation detector is a radiation detection device that utilizes scintillation crystals to detect and measure ionizing...

Piezoresistance is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where the electrical resistance of a material changes in...

In an ionic crystal, the region in the crystal lattice where the ion, predicted to be present, is absent.

A length that denotes the size of the unit cell in a crystal lattice. With respect to the cubic crystal, this is the length...

An alien, electrically charged atomic system in a solid; an ion substituted for the constituent atom or ion in a crystal...

A nitrogen vacancy (NV) refers to a specific type of defect or impurity in a crystal lattice where a nitrogen atom replaces...