An atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) is an analytical instrument used to determine the concentration of specific chemical elements in a sample by measuring the absorption of light at characteristic wavelengths. It is commonly used in analytical...

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is a manufacturing process that builds three-dimensional objects...

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipment refers to a class of specialized apparatus used in the process of chemical vapor...

The phenomenon in which alkali metals are transparent to ultraviolet radiation.

Diamond turning refers to a precision machining process used to produce complex optical components, particularly lenses and...

Ultrasonic refers to sound waves with frequencies higher than the upper audible limit of human hearing, typically above...

A sputtering target is a solid material used in the process of physical vapor deposition (PVD), specifically sputtering....

A device composed of dissimilar metals that, when welded together, develop a small voltage dependent upon the relative...

The emission of radiant energy produced by the passage of an electrical current through an appropriate electrolyte in which...

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an analytical technique that combines the principles of Raman spectroscopy...

The partial differential equations for the spatial and time dependence of electric and magnetic fields inside a...

Optical materials refer to substances or compounds specifically chosen for their optical properties and used in the...

An Er:YAG laser is a type of solid-state laser that uses a crystal made of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet...

A Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that forms at temperatures close to absolute zero. It is named after...

Laser texturing is a manufacturing process that involves using a laser beam to selectively modify the surface of a material,...

The analysis, by x-rays, of the crystalline structure and other properties of metals and alloys.

Laser sintering is an additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology that involves using a laser to selectively fuse...

Laser marking is a process in which a laser beam is used to mark or engrave a surface by altering its properties or...

A YAG crystal refers to a solid-state crystal made of yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG), which is a synthetic crystalline...

The electrical arc formed between metal rods that emits the spectrum of the metal itself. Commonly used in the chemical...

Microscopy is a scientific technique that involves the use of microscopes to observe and study objects that are too small to...

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing process that involves creating three-dimensional...

That branch of metallurgy that uses electron microscopic techniques in the examination of the nature of metals.

A semiconductor is a type of material that has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor and an insulator. In...

A filter that controls the spectral composition of transmitted energy partially by the effects of interference. Frequently,...

A fiber laser is a type of laser in which the active gain medium is an optical fiber doped with rare-earth ions such as...

An acid used to etch the surfaces of particular materials. For glass, hydrofluoric acid is used either as a liquid or a...

Rockwell hardness (Rc) refers to a method for measuring the hardness of a material, primarily metals, using an indentation...

Laser peening is a surface enhancement technique used to improve the mechanical properties of materials, particularly...

Chalcogenide refers to a class of compounds containing elements from group 16 of the periodic table, which includes sulfur...

Diamond turning, also known as diamond machining or diamond cutting, is a precision machining process used to produce...

That branch of science involved in the study and utilization of the motion, emissions and behaviors of currents of...

Dewetting is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where a thin film or coating spontaneously undergoes a process of...

Ion-beam sputtering (IBS) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique used for depositing thin films onto substrates. It...

Any of the numerous powders used for grinding and polishing glass, crystal or metal, the chief material being emery and...

Characteristic of dissimilar metals in thermoelectric solar cells whereby separate junctions exhibiting distinct...

Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) is a type of additive manufacturing (AM) or 3D printing technology that uses a high-power...

A system that uses the heat from a pulsed laser to weld metals. Because of the rapidity and localization in which the...

An electric cell having two electrodes of unlike metals immersed in a solution that chemically affects one or both of them,...

An abundant material found in the form of quartz and agate and as one of the major constituents of sand. The silicates of...

A coating applied to a neutral density glass that is designed to reduce the amount of light evenly across the transmitted...

Optical cements and adhesives are specialized materials used in the assembly and bonding of optical components in optical...

A refrigeration method based on the Peltier effect. When an electric current passes through a thermocouple of two dissimilar...