A device used to detect and measure small amounts of rotation. The rotating object contains a reflecting surface from which a beam of light is reflected onto a positional detector. A large distance from mirror to detector results in extreme...

An electrophoretic display, often referred to as an electronic paper display or e-paper display, is a type of electronic...

A device used to take turbidimetric or nephelometric measurements by considering the contrast between a constant brightness...

A device for measuring linear dimensions. The optical caliper generally consists of two circularly mounted mirrors whose...

The Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor is an optical device used for measuring the wavefront aberrations of an optical system....

An interferometer spectrometer designed to measure thicknesses of thin films or layers by recording the interferogram and by...

In vacuum deposition, a device that removes contaminants from the vacuum chamber.

A system mounted a few inches above a moving plane that consists of a light source, lenses and one or more phototubes. In...

In photolithography, an opaque material used in masks that has a lower optical density and grainier composition than chrome.

A confocal resonator, also known as a confocal cavity or confocal laser resonator, is a type of optical resonator...

Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is a spectroscopic technique that involves using a laser to excite molecules or atoms,...

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy is a technique used in analytical chemistry to obtain IR spectra of samples....

A device used in thin-film deposition; the material to be evaporated is placed in a crucible that is heated inductively by...

Nanoimprint lithography (NIL) is a nanolithography technique used for fabricating nanoscale patterns on a substrate. It is a...

A process by which high-quality fiber optics are made. See axial vapor-phase deposition.

A filter that controls the spectral composition of transmitted energy partially by the effects of interference. Frequently,...

In optics, the production of maxima and minima by the superimposition of two sets of interference fringes from light of two...

In the context of optical materials, the term "impurity level" refers to the presence of foreign atoms or molecules within...

A method used in surface quality testing for accurate positioning and rotation of metal spheres about an axis or fixed point...

Piezoresistance is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where the electrical resistance of a material changes in...

A GaAlAs laser is a type of semiconductor laser diode that emits light in the near-infrared region of the electromagnetic...

Computer vision enables computers to interpret and make decisions based on visual data, such as images and videos. It...

Process in which two or more lights are combined by superposition.

Epitaxial refers to the growth of a crystalline layer on a crystalline substrate in such a way that the orientation of the...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics and biomedical research to obtain...

Autofluorescence refers to the natural emission of fluorescence exhibited by certain biological structures or molecules when...

A linear positioning stage, also known as a linear stage or translation stage, is a precision mechanical device used to...

Gallium arsenide phosphide (GaAsP) is a semiconductor alloy composed of gallium (Ga), arsenic (As), and phosphorus (P). It...

An optical assembly refers to a collection of optical components that are carefully arranged and aligned to perform a...

A nanotube, also known as a nanotubule or simply a tube-like structure, is a nanoscale cylindrical structure composed of...

A system of modular mechanical components for building precision optical systems. The basic equipment includes a variety of...

A lens made from transparent plastic material. Lenses over 31/2 in. in diameter are usually machined, ground and polished....

A telescope so manufactured that the image remains erect and the position of the eyepiece is unchanged as the line of sight...

A holographic grating is a type of diffraction grating that is produced using holographic recording techniques. It consists...

A device (e.g., prisms, lenses, tubes) used to align a beam in a system.

In micropositioning, a remote positioning device in which an electric current drives a movable armature mounted on an...

A crystal defect that is a combination of a vacancy and an interstitial created by the removal of an ion from a lattice and...

The field of view seen through some types of coincidence rangefinders. It is formed by the juxtaposition of opposite halves...

Optical coatings are thin layers of materials applied to optical components, such as lenses, mirrors, filters, and prisms,...

An optical table, also known as an optical bench or an optical breadboard, is a specialized platform used in optics...

An optical combiner, in the context of optics and display technologies, refers to a device or component that combines...

An atomic force microscope (AFM) is a high-resolution imaging and measurement instrument used in nanotechnology, materials...

Optical elements, often created by micromachining, lithography or vacuum deposition, that rely on diffraction of the...

Histology is the branch of biology and medicine that involves the study of the microscopic structure of tissues and organs...

An endoscope is a medical device used for visualizing and examining the interior of hollow organs, body cavities, or...

Photoresist is a light-sensitive material used in photolithography processes, particularly in the fabrication of...

A support device in which a column or chamber of air permits the free travel of a mobile part. In optical mounting and...

Stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) is a superresolution microscopy technique that enables imaging of...

Property of a substance whose volume elements differ in composition and optical properties.

A regular, periodic, geometric array of points corresponding to the positions of the atoms in a perfect crystal.

A spectral signature, in the context of remote sensing and spectroscopy, refers to the unique pattern or characteristic...

A type of fiber optic sensor that detects alteration in position, distance, pressure, liquid level or temperature by...

High-precision motorized positioning device, often linked to computer control equipment.

Characterizes an Earth-orbiting satellite whose orbit plane is near polar and positioned at an altitude that allows it to...

Reflectance spectroscopy is a technique used to analyze the reflective properties of materials across various wavelengths of...

A system in which a sequence of direct measurements of the target position is fed into a tracking filter that may produce...

Custom lapping and polishing services involve specialized processes used to improve the surface finish and dimensional...

A mechanism in a camera designed to position the film in the focal plane for exposure.

An electro-optic modulator (EOM) is a device used to modulate the amplitude, phase, or polarization of light waves using an...

A hyperspectral imaging camera is a sophisticated imaging device capable of capturing and processing data across a wide...

A crystal consisting of a substance that has the ability to become electrically polarized and has strong piezoelectric...

A MEMS fiber optic switch is a microelectromechanical system (MEMS) device designed to selectively route optical signals...

Also referred to as the opposition surge, the opposition effect is a photometric phenomenon in which a rough retroreflective...

Metabolic imaging refers to the visualization and quantification of metabolic processes within living organisms, tissues, or...

Videography refers to the process of capturing moving images and recording them in a digital format. It involves the use of...

Minimum object distance, often abbreviated as MOD, refers to the closest distance at which a camera lens or optical system...

In photonics, a lattice refers to a periodic arrangement of optical elements or structures, often on a microscopic or...

A solar cell that is lightweight and flexible because of its construction by vacuum deposition of a semiconductor material...

A substrate refers to a material or surface upon which another material or process is applied or deposited. In various...

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipment refers to a class of specialized apparatus used in the process of chemical vapor...

A near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer is an analytical instrument used to measure the absorption, transmission, or reflection...

A galvanometric scanner, also known as a galvanometer scanner or galvo scanner, is a type of optical scanning device used to...

Multi-axis alignment refers to the process of aligning or adjusting components or systems in multiple spatial dimensions or...

1. In relation to cathode-ray tube displays, errors in the signal's amplitude, phase or both that result in small, rapid...

The term quantum refers to the fundamental unit or discrete amount of a physical quantity involved in interactions at the...

Ellipsometry is an optical technique used to characterize the properties of thin films and surfaces. It is based on the...

Hyperspectral resolution refers to the level of detail or granularity in the spectral information captured by a...

A telescope that is fixed or has a limited degree of movement in a vertical plane; primarily used to determine the position...

A straight line, real or imaginary, passing through a body and indicating its center; a line so positioned that various...

A telescope that corrects dispersion and spherical aberration through the use of one or more lenses, usually smaller than...

Gallium nitride (GaN) is a compound made up of gallium (Ga) and nitrogen (N). It is a wide-bandgap semiconductor material...

The representation of arbitrary functions as the superposition of sinusoidal functions whereby the representations...

Lenslike composition of stacked glass cylinders through which a spot of light appears as a streak perpendicular to the...

Electric polarization characterized by homogeneous polar dielectrics and ascribed to the position of the permanent molecular...

A phase-shift interferometer used to detect the relative angular speeds or positions of two concentric rotors.

A robotic process commonly employed by automakers that enables high-speed and flexible production throughput by using...

A junction between semiconductors that differ in their doping level conductivities but not in their atomic or alloy...

A pixel, short for "picture element," is the smallest controllable element of a digital image or display. It is a...

The focal length of a lens is the distance between the lens's optical center (or principal point) and the image sensor or...

A spectral phenomenon in which the degree of the photoresponse of an illuminated semiconductor is determined by the...

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is a technique used in photon counting applications, particularly in the...

Ablation applied to polymers and chemical solids. Process of material removal that minimizes edge damage but will not heat...

In its natural or original position.

1. A device used in chemistry to compare the colors of solutions held in flat-bottomed tubes and viewed along the length of...

An InGaAs photodiode refers to a photodetector device that is constructed using a semiconductor material composed of a...

A method for measuring the index profile of an optical fiber by measuring the reflectance as a function of position on the...

A slight displacement in the position of a spectral line because of an alteration in frequency, as a result, in turn, of a...

A critical image parameter in applications where object position may change dynamically relative to the imager; this is a...

Positioning generally refers to the determination or identification of the location or placement of an object, person, or...

A microscope design that involves apertures inserted in conjugate plane positions inside the microscope, with one aperture...

1. A defect inherent in a multiple-axis positioning system whereby an adjustment of one axis causes an undesired change in...

The process whereby blanks are attached to a block in a position for grinding or polishing.

Glass of special composition that is melted, formed into desired shapes, and subjected to a high-temperature treatment in...

An electron-beam lithography (EBL) system is a sophisticated nanofabrication tool used in the semiconductor industry and...

An interferometer constructed to be positioned on a telescope to measure the angular separation of the components of double...

The photographing of a scene from positions corresponding to the locations of both eyes. A viewing device is used to present...

The term light field refers to the spatial distribution of light rays traveling in all directions through a given space. It...

The projection of the image beam by a cathode-ray tube through a mask, where it is deflected through the suitable character...

The degree to which a predetermined or previous setting of a positioning device can be duplicated by observance of the...

A Michelson-type interference microscope used to produce interference patterns of reflective specimens through the...

A method of growing single crystals in which atoms and molecules from gaseous organic compounds interact and form a layer on...

The term "embedded laser" typically refers to a laser device that is integrated or embedded into a larger system or...

In optics, the term image jump refers to a displacement or shift in the apparent position of an image when a change occurs...

An infrared source, set in a stationary position, that is used as a reference in certain navigational systems.

Chromatic aberration is an optical phenomenon that occurs when different wavelengths (colors) of light are refracted by a...

A graph of the intersections of a fan of rays with the final image plane, plotted as a function of the positions of the rays...

The study of the celestial bodies, relative to x-ray emission. Satellites launched to study x-ray sources have revealed many...

coma, fifth order aberration with on-axis focal point variation with incident off axis ray height position

An emission spectrum is a graphical representation or a characteristic pattern of the wavelengths or frequencies of light...

A technique for depositing a material coating on metal, ceramic, semiconductor or polymer substrates. The interaction of...

Plasmon ion-assisted deposition (PIAD) is a technique used in thin-film deposition processes, particularly in the production...

A test for spherical aberration, coma or astigmatism in which incident rays from a point source are isolated by small holes...

The use of a plasma to induce the formation of oxides in the production of graded-index optical fibers.

A fiber optic preform is a cylindrical glass rod or tube used as the starting material for manufacturing optical fibers. It...

A positioning drive that rotates a fraction of a 360° turn when the motor coils are activated, resulting in linear or...

A device that couples a light source to an optical fiber by projecting an image of the source and the fiber core onto a...

The term "Rydberg atom" refers to an atom in a highly excited state where one or more of its electrons are in a Rydberg...

A filter used in photography to change the spectral composition of light entering a camera, or to adjust color balance...

A powerful method, referred to as FCS, for determining the average diffusion coefficients of fluorescent molecules in...

In the context of thin film deposition processes such as evaporation or sputtering, masks are used to selectively deposit...

An instrumental technique that utilizes the mass-to-charge ratio of charged particles as recorded from a mass spectrometer...

The active control of various aspects (optical element position, airspace thickness, etc.) of an optical system that...

Measurement estimated from the position of the image's centroid.

An infrared lens is an optical component specifically designed and optimized for transmitting, focusing, or manipulating...

Nanopositioning refers to the precise and controlled movement or manipulation of objects or components at the nanometer...

A lens mounting with eccentric rings that may be rotated to shift the axis of the lens to a prescribed position.

Plasma-enriched deposition or planar magnetic sputtering that offers increased deposition rates in optical thin-film...

A halogen lamp, also known as a tungsten halogen, quartz-halogen, or quartz iodine lamp, is an incandescent lamp that uses a...

A type of compensator for use with a microscope and consisting of a quarter-wave plate in a fixed position and a rotatable...

An image of an object that appears above the object's true position as the result of abnormal refraction of the image rays...

A lamp used in projection that is made with a reflector built into the bulb, normally by coating a portion of its interior...

A technique for determining the nonlinear optical properties of a sample material by moving the sample through a focused...

A camera that uses multiple exposures to record the trajectory of an ordnance from a ground-level position.

Combining adjacent pixels into one larger pixel, resulting in increased sensitivity and lower resolution, or, in image...

A vacuum deposition method in which the coating material (target) is removed from the surface of the coating source...

A process used to control thickness and parallelism precisely during the production of plane-parallel plates. Elements are...

A dichroic coating, also known as a dichroic filter or dichroic mirror, is an optical coating designed to selectively...

A variation of tomography, which is a means of visualizing any one of a large set of parallel planes in the patient. A...

Optical manufacturing tools and machinery encompass a wide range of equipment, instruments, and systems used in the...

Quantum sensing refers to a class of sensing technologies that leverage principles from quantum mechanics to enhance the...

A laser cavity, also known as an optical cavity or resonator, is a fundamental component of a laser system. It is a confined...

One of two types of solar time - the other being apparent solar time - the mean solar time is the time measured by the...

In television, a lateral displacement of the lines from their normal position due to the instability of a synchronizing...

In optics, "mode beating" refers to an interference phenomenon that can occur in laser systems with multiple longitudinal...

Plasmonics is a field of science and technology that focuses on the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and free...

In optics, the changing of the relative curves of a lens without changing its refractive value.

A mirror whose percent reflectance varies as a function of position on the mirror surface.

The angular spectrum approach is a mathematical and computational technique used in the field of optics to analyze and...

An optical instrument for forming the spectrum of a light source and recording it on a film. The dispersing medium may be a...

A high-contrast transparency of the gas sought, or an array of exit slits that correlates with some features of the...

A wide-angle lens is a type of camera lens that has a shorter focal length than a standard or normal lens, allowing it to...

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a method of secure communication that utilizes principles from quantum mechanics to...

The two points on the principal axis of a mirror or lens so positioned that light emitted from either point will be focused...

A monochromator is an optical instrument used to isolate and select a narrow range of wavelengths from a broader spectrum of...

Relative power distribution as a function of position or angle.

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is a manufacturing process that builds three-dimensional objects...

A parallel plate of glass in such a position that the refracted and reflected rays of incident parallel light are mutually...

A projection printer that is capable of reproducing a multiplicity of images from a master transparency on a single support...

A type of birefringent filter, similar in principle to the Lyot filter, consisting of many identical birefringent elements,...

Additive manufacturing (AM), also known as 3D printing, is a manufacturing process that involves creating three-dimensional...

A self-healing, index-matching, nonporous coating for optical components that can eliminate production difficulties and...

Epitaxial equipment refers to a set of specialized tools and systems used in the process of epitaxy, which is the growth of...

A device used for measuring the height of clouds from a position on the ground. Measurement technique uses a vertically...

A photon-counting instrument for use in both space-borne and ground-based photometric and spectroscopic instrumentation....

A defect in an optical system that prevents rays from reaching their intended destination; it can be caused by an undersized...

The process or device by which more than one signal can be sent over a single channel by using different time intervals for...

Micro-optics refers to the design, fabrication, and application of optical components and systems at a microscale level....

A shift in the apparent position of an object when an optical element is added or removed.

The superposition of satellite or aerial images with a map in order to process and remove distortion. Uses reference points...

The series of processes used to identify and evaluate crystal structure by using crystalline solids to diffract x-rays. In...

In computer graphics, the point on the display screen where the electron beam is located before the display instruction is...

Epitaxial deposition is a process used in semiconductor manufacturing and materials science to grow a thin crystalline...

A device that calibrates the size, position or distance of objects imaged on a video screen.

A compound crystal having two or more crystals or crystal sections that, when regularly positioned, are in reverse position...

That property of a substance that determines that all components of volume are the same in composition and optical...

Cold atoms refer to atoms that have been cooled to extremely low temperatures, typically in the microkelvin (µK) to...

Ion-beam sputtering (IBS) is a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique used for depositing thin films onto substrates. It...

A photon sieve is an optical device used in the field of optics and imaging. It's designed to focus and shape light,...

An optical testing instrument is a device or system used to evaluate and measure the performance, quality, and...

Method for reducing laser speckle in which the object field comes from a real diffuse object or the reconstructed object...

A GRIN (gradient index) lens is a type of optical lens that utilizes a gradient in refractive index across its volume rather...

A positioning slide mechanism with two rows of alternately crisscrossed cylindrical rollers.

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is an advanced imaging technique used in microscopy to obtain high-resolution,...

Laser light show effects equipment including optics and mechanical devices that reflect, position or distort the laser beam,...

The superimposition of a pilot object on each hologram. The fixed relative position of the scanning and pilot beam during...

A device designed to measure linear or rotary motion by detection of the movement of markings on a transparent medium past a...

A tabulation of predicted positions that have been calculated for one or more celestial bodies or orbiting satellites.

A device, either visual or electronic, that emits signals to identify set positions for use in the navigation of aircraft...

A fiber optic imaging bundle is a specialized optical device composed of multiple optical fibers bundled together. Each...

The positioning of two Nicol prisms so that their axes are at right angles to each other. With this arrangement, light...

Raman spectroscopy is a technique used in analytical chemistry and physics to study vibrational, rotational, and other...

Chemical vapor deposition is a process of applying dopants to a glass bait by flame reactions of gaseous compounds. See also...

Piezoelectric motion systems are mechanical systems that utilize piezoelectric materials to generate controlled motion or...

Single molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is a group of super-resolution microscopy techniques that surpass the...

A well controlled thin films technique for growing films with good crystal structure in ultra high vacuum environments at...

A variation from standard physical vapor deposition (PVD) coating techniques, magnetron sputtering is a plasma coating...

A wide-field multiobject spectroscopy system used in astronomy, in which a bundle of low-loss optical fibers positioned on...

A technique based on the principles of laser trapping and used to manipulate the position of small particles by gradually...

A photodetector mounted in the same package as a laser diode that is positioned to monitor the output from the rear facet of...

A set of mirrors along a telescope's polar axis designed to redirect light to a fixed position without being affected by the...

Linear optics refers to the study and manipulation of light in a linear and deterministic manner, where the response of...

The term used in reference to vacuum systems using oil and diffusion pumps, describes the migration of pump fluids and their...

A pair of stars (double star) that can be seen separately with a telescope, generally by setting a filar micrometer for the...

The term delta error (delta-E) generally refers to the difference or change in error between two values or states. The word...

An absorption peak refers to a sharp increase or spike in the absorption of electromagnetic radiation at a particular...

A digital imaging method whereby the first gray level of each sequential point-by-point sample and its position in the...

Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a nondestructive analytical technique used to investigate the optical properties...

Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) is a powerful technique that combines Raman spectroscopy with the enhanced spatial...

The change in position of the image of a sine wave object from its ideal position. Usually measured in degrees with...

A mirage that consists of an image of an object appearing below its true position as the result of abnormal refraction by...

An infrared detector is a device that is used to detect and measure infrared radiation, which lies beyond the visible...

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is a type of light-emitting diode (LED) technology that utilizes organic compounds to...

Photonic crystals are artificial structures or materials designed to manipulate and control the flow of light in a manner...

Spectroscopy is a technique used in the study of interactions between matter and electromagnetic radiation. It involves...

A noncontact sensor used in the remote measurement of position, speed or other variables of moving parts.

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive analytical technique that uses the near-infrared region of the...

A junction between semiconductors that differ in their doping level conductivities, and also in their atomic or alloy...

A ground-based navigation beacon that emits pulsed signals which are picked up by aircraft making an instrument (blind)...

An accurate metal prism or plane parallel plate that is cemented to an optical element and remains with it during a series...

A point cloud is a set of data points in a three-dimensional coordinate system, where each point represents a specific...

Multiple exposures of holograms, one for each position of a vibrating image, that are used for vibration analysis and that...

Transformation of an image, such as a change in position or scale, that does not alter the linearity of the original image.

A precision positioning device used to produce rotary motion.

A microdensitometer that contains a scanning stage to provide simultaneous representations of position vs. density.

In positioning, rotation about an axis normal to the line of sight. Also known as attitude.

Contour mapping technique that involves positioning a grating close to an object and observing its shadow on the object...

A vapor-phase oxidation process for fabricating graded-index optical fibers. It differs from outside vapor phase deposition...

A method of thin-film deposition in which electrons boiled off a heated cathode are used to melt the coating material. If a...

A mirror mount is a mechanical device used to secure and precisely position mirrors in optical systems. Mirrors are...

The direct appreciation of the distance between a given object and the observer, or between the front and back of a solid...

Multispectral imaging is a technique that involves capturing and analyzing images at multiple discrete spectral bands within...

The structure that holds the photographic negative in a proper position that is both flat and parallel to the lens plane, as...

Laser lithotripsy is a medical procedure that uses laser energy to break down or fragment stones in various parts of the...

A position inside a crystal lattice that is not one of the proper lattice sites in the crystal. Impurity ions of the proper...

An imaging system designed to highlight small deviations in a planar reflective object such as a mirror. The system can be...

The analysis and measurement of celestial bodies, their motions and positions.

In positioning, rotation about the line of sight or direction of travel.

The position and shape of the image of a point source, as predicted by geometric optics alone. The geometric image is to be...

A spectroradiometer is a device used to measure the intensity of light at different wavelengths across the electromagnetic...

A digital imaging method whereby the first gray level in the ordered sequence and the position of the first lengths of all...

Total number of characters available to each position of a digital numeric system.

A superposition of many zone plates, each reconstructing a real and virtual point image at the appropriate locations upon...

A solid-state semiconducting structure (basically one of the bolometers) that changes electrical resistance with...

A high-resolution imaging instrument that can detect and measure the positions of individual atoms on the surface of a...

In optics, a motion controller refers to a device or system that precisely controls the movement of optical components, such...

A measure of the optical path length for light traveling from the sun or other celestial source through Earth's atmosphere...

In the optical shop, the process of positioning and marking a blank or lens before surfacing, cutting and edging.

Die bonding is a critical process in semiconductor manufacturing and microelectronics assembly, where a semiconductor die or...

A qubit, short for quantum bit, is the fundamental unit of information in quantum computing and quantum information...

Successive layering of resistive, dielectric and conductive inks on a substrate by a type of screening process.

Essentially, a hologram of a hologram, in which the first-generation hologram is masked with a narrow slit. During image...

Quantum entanglement is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where two or more particles become correlated to such an extent...

A technique for improving the structure density of thin-film coatings by bombarding the growing film with accelerated ions...

The photochemical reaction of light present in the decomposition of a substance.

The deposition of a metallic coating, usually nickel, on a component by chemical means rather than by electroplating; the...

A type of stereoscopic photography in which a pair of lenses focuses a pair of images, relative to the positions of the two...

Gallium nitride-based light-emitting diodes (GaN-based LEDs) are semiconductor devices that emit light when an electric...

Modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD) is a technique used in the fabrication of optical fibers. It is a specialized form...

In dry etching, a method of characterizing the composition of solid materials such as metal. Atoms in the OES technique are...

The multiple beam form of Brewster's fringes formed when the two plane-parallel plates have high-reflecting surfaces.

FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometer is a powerful analytical instrument used to obtain an infrared spectrum of...

1. In optics, the ability of a lens system to reproduce the points, lines and surfaces in an object as separate entities in...

A bench with instrumentation including a collimator, a microscope, positioners and a nodal slide used to rotate a lens about...

Also known as zonal axis. The axis positioned through the center of a crystal that is parallel to a zone edge.

An etalon is an optical device that consists of two parallel reflecting surfaces separated by a precise and known distance....

Photolithography is a key process in the manufacturing of semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, and...

The angle at which photoelectric sensors are aligned to prevent light from being reflected back to the sensor from the...

An optical system of variable focal length, the focal plane remaining in a fixed position. This result is achieved by moving...

Carbonization is a process in which organic materials are heated in the absence of air, leading to the decomposition of the...

MTF analysis/measurement equipment refers to instruments and tools used to measure and analyze the modulation transfer...

In positioning, in-plane rotation about the vertical axis. Also known as azimuth.

Photogrammetry is a technique used to obtain accurate three-dimensional measurements of objects and environments through the...

In the context of electronics and semiconductor manufacturing, a wafer refers to a thin, flat disk or substrate made of a...

Optical tweezers refer to a scientific instrument that uses the pressure of laser light to trap and manipulate microscopic...

A spectrophotometer is a scientific instrument used to measure the intensity of light at various wavelengths in the...

A near-infrared (NIR) camera is an imaging device designed to capture images in the near-infrared region of the...

A visible laser beam generated coaxially with an infrared or other invisible laser beam to aid in its positioning.

A measuring instrument used for surface profiling and quantifying the roughness of a material. The stylus is placed on the...

The Mills Cross telescope is a two dimensional radio telescope in which the two antenna arrays are positioned perpendicular...

In positioning, the friction that prevents immediate motion when force is first applied to a body or surface at rest.

Histochemical staining is a laboratory technique used in biology and medicine to visualize specific chemical components...

A fiber optic spectrometer is a device used for measuring the spectral content of light. It utilizes optical fibers to...

An optical clock is a highly precise and advanced timekeeping device that relies on the oscillations of electromagnetic...

Often referred to as the geometric center of a given image or image plane, the centroid of an image is a fixed point located...

Ultraviolet reflectance refers to the ability of a material or surface to reflect UV light. Ultraviolet light is...

In micropositioning systems, motion (most frequently undesired) about the Z-axis.

A helium-neon (HeNe) laser is a type of gas laser that emits visible red light at a wavelength of 632.8 nm. It operates...

Excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) refers to a medical procedure used in the treatment of coronary artery disease....

Quantum-enhanced metrology refers to the use of quantum mechanics principles and techniques to enhance the precision and...

A laser or laser system positioned within an enclosure to prevent dangerous optical radiation from leaving the enclosure.

Backscatter refers to the phenomenon in which radiation or waves are scattered backward, opposite to the direction of the...

In a laser, the optical resonator formed by two coaxial mirrors, one totally and one partially reflective, positioned so...

Reactive evaporation refers to a process in thin-film deposition where a material is deposited onto a substrate through...

Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) is a technique that extends traditional Raman spectroscopy by incorporating...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique that enhances the Raman scattering signal of...

A laser radar application in which a sequence of direct measurements of target position is fed into a tracking filter to...

Lithography is a key process used in microfabrication and semiconductor manufacturing to create intricate patterns on the...

Optical glass refers to a type of glass specifically engineered and manufactured for use in optical components and systems,...

Label-free refers to a technique or method that does not require the use of additional labels, tags, or markers to detect or...

The site behind the lens system in a camera where photographic media are positioned for exposure.

In optics and photonics, "phase" refers to a property of electromagnetic waves, such as light, that describes the position...