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51 terms

Photonics Dictionary: C

Clear All Filters x lasers x C x
crystal laser -> solid-state laser

A solid-state laser is a type of laser that uses a solid gain medium (as opposed to a liquid or gas) to produce coherent light. The term "solid-state" refers to the fact that the active medium, where...

carbon dioxide laser

A gas laser in which the energy-state transitions between vibrational and rotational states of CO2 molecules give emission at long IR, about 10 µm, wavelengths. The laser can maintain...

catastrophic optical damage

The darkening of the laser facet of a semiconductor laser diode. It can be prevented by placing the component in a hermetically sealed enclosure.

cavity

In a laser, the optical resonator formed by two coaxial mirrors, one totally and one partially reflective, positioned so that laser oscillations occur.

chalcogenide

Chalcogenide refers to a class of compounds containing elements from group 16 of the periodic table, which includes sulfur (S), selenium (Se), and tellurium (Te). These elements are known as...

channel substrate planar growth

The creation of a diode laser structure by liquid-phase epitaxy over a grooved substrate.

chelate laser

A laser having a rare-earth chelate within a plastic host as the lasing material. The chelate laser is easily pumped and has a high quantum efficiency and narrow emission lines.

chemical laser

A laser that relies on chemical activity instead of electrical energy to produce the pumping action necessary to form pulses of light.

chirped-pulse amplification laser

A laser whose pulses are expanded, using gratings and optical fibers, before amplification and compressed to increase beam intensity without damage to the optical train.

chirped-pulse amplification

Chirped pulse amplification (CPA) is a technique used in laser physics to amplify ultrashort laser pulses to high energies without causing damage to the amplifying medium. The method was first...

choledochoscope

A small fiber optic endoscope used in laser surgery.

chromophore

A naturally occurring pigment in tissue that may selectively absorb certain wavelengths and can be used to aid in targeting the beam in laser surgery.

classification duration

For a laser, the maximum exposure time that the laser design allows; 0.25 seconds for a Class 2 laser.

CLEO

Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics

CLSM

confocal laser scanning microscope

coaxial gas

A jet of inert gas along a laser welding beam's axis that cools, protects or cleans the work surface.

coherence length

That length over which energy in two separate waves remains constant. With respect to a laser, the greatest distance between two arms of an interferometric system for which sufficient interferometric...

coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering

A technique whereby two laser beams, one at an excitation wavelength and the second at a wavelength that produces Stokes Raman scattering, interact coherently in a sample, producing a strong...

coherent communications

A fiber optic communications system that works on the principles of homodyning or heterodyning. The transmitting laser produces an optical wave that is modulated in amplitude, phase or frequency by...

coherent light source

A light source that is capable of producing radiation with waves vibrating in phase. The laser is an example of a coherent light source.

coherent optical adaptive technique

The use of phase conjugation or other methods to increase the power density of a laser beam under adverse atmospheric conditions.

coherent Raman effect -> Raman effect

When light is transmitted through matter, part of the light is scattered in random directions. A small part of the scattered light has frequencies removed from the frequency of the incident beam by...

cold atom

Cold atoms refer to atoms that have been cooled to extremely low temperatures, typically in the microkelvin (µK) to nanokelvin (nK) range, close to absolute zero (0 Kelvin or -273.15°C). At...

COLDS

common optoelectronics laser detection system

collateral radiation

Category inclusive of all radiation that is incited electronically, except laser radiation, as a function of the application of laser power to a system.

colliding pulse modelocked ring laser

A ring dye laser that uses prisms and a saturable absorber within the laser cavity to shape and shorten the pulses generated. Counterpropagating modes oscillating simultaneously in the ring...

collimator pen -> laser pen

Device consisting of a laser diode, beam-correcting optics and collimating optics in a single housing. Also called a collimating pen.

collinear pumping

A method of exciting a laser by coupling it directly to another laser.

collisional excitation

A method of lasing in which free electrons in a laser-produced plasma collide with neonlike ions to excite electrons to states that decay at different speeds, producing a population inversion.

color center laser

Certain color centers in the alkali halides have been optically pumped to produce efficient tunable pulsed and continuous-wave (CW) lasers emitting in the range of 0.8 to 3.3 µm.

common optoelectronics laser detection system

A laser warning and countermeasure system containing a sensor that indicates the direction of a laser beam, and analytical instruments to determine pulse code, repetition frequency and wavelength.

computer-generated hologram

A computer-generated hologram (CGH) is a holographic image produced using computational methods and algorithms, rather than traditional optical techniques. CGHs are generated entirely in digital form...

computer-generated holographic scanner

A phase reflection scanner that eliminates the need for a complex translation device while maintaining a high-energy-density level during laser materials processing. These devices direct and focus...

conduction welding

A type of laser welding of thin materials using a defocused or low-power carbon dioxide laser beam. The energy is absorbed by the material through conduction and melts the material to produce an edge...

confocal resonator

A confocal resonator, also known as a confocal cavity or confocal laser resonator, is a type of optical resonator configuration used in laser systems. The term confocal in this context refers to the...

conjugator -> phase conjugation

The use of a reflective device, which can be fashioned from a variety of materials including gases, solids, dyes, aerosols, semiconductor crystals and plasmas, to replicate a laser beam by reversing...

contact laser surgery

Laser surgery by means of a low-power laser system using a synthetic sapphire scalpel that transmits the laser light while in direct contact with the tissue.

continuous wave

Continuous wave (CW) refers to a type of signal or transmission where the signal is constant and does not vary with time. In various contexts, the term is used to describe continuous, uninterrupted...

continuous-wave laser

A laser that emits radiation continuously rather than in short bursts, as in a pulsed laser.

conversion efficiency

In a pumped laser system, the ratio of output energy to pump energy.

copper vapor laser -> metal vapor laser

Devices in which the lasing medium is a vapor of metal atoms or ions, sometimes mixed with another gas. Metal vapor lasers use a variety of metal types to generate a variety of laser lines for...

core-coupled lens

A semispherical or conical lens created directly on the core of an optical fiber to focus light from a laser into the fiber core.

corner cube

A corner cube, also known as a corner reflector or retroreflector prism, is a type of optical device used to reflect light or electromagnetic waves back towards their source with minimal deviation in...

corner-cube prism -> corner cube

corner-cube reflector -> corner cube

coumarin 314T

An efficient, readily soluble blue-green laser dye.

cube-corner prism -> corner cube

current saturation

A condition during laser operation when laser output can no longer be increased by additional electric current.

custom optic

A custom optic refers to an optical component that is designed, manufactured, and tailored to meet specific requirements or applications. These optics can include lenses, mirrors, prisms, filters, or...

CVL

copper vapor laser

Photonics DictionaryC