Also known as radiation thermometer. A pyrometer in which the radiant intensity from the source to be measured is used to calculate its temperature. The usual detector is a thermocouple, thermopile or other sensitive thermometric detector upon which...

A cathode-ray tube that increases the brightness or size of an image or forms a visible image from invisible radiation. The...

A coating having pigments that change color when exposed to heat. This effect has been widely used to monitor hot spots in...

A measuring device that uses a light-sensitive cell or detector to determine the amount of light transmitted by a substance.

Photoresist is a light-sensitive material used in photolithography processes, particularly in the fabrication of...

A CMOS camera refers to an imaging device that employs a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) image sensor to...

Laser drift typically refers to a phenomenon where the frequency or wavelength of a laser source gradually changes over...

A photoconductive cell that uses thallium oxysulfide as the light-sensitive medium.

The current that flows through a photosensitive device, such as a photodiode, as the result of exposure to radiant power.

Deep ultraviolet (DUV or deep-UV) refers to a specific range of ultraviolet light with shorter wavelengths than those in the...

A CCD image sensor, or charge-coupled device image sensor, is a type of electronic device used to convert optical images...

In the context of electronics and optics, an isolator refers to a device that allows the transmission of signals in one...

An electron tube that employs electromagnetic radiation to produce a visual replica of an image produced on its cathode....

A type of camera that incorporates a tiny mirror that oscillates in accordance with incoming signals. An illuminated slit is...

A form of image intensifier designed to amplify a weak fluoroscopic image. The image is received at an input phosphor...

The photographic filming of the action of x-ray images recorded on a fluorescent screen by means of large lens apertures and...

The improper exposure of a radiation-sensitive medium that results when there is too much radiation exposing the medium, or...

Fluorescent proteins are proteins that exhibit the property of fluorescence, which is the ability to absorb light at a...

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is an advanced imaging technique used in microscopy to measure and analyze the optical...

Single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) is a specialized technique in biophysics and molecular...

A holographic grating is a type of diffraction grating that is produced using holographic recording techniques. It consists...

Short wavelength infrared (SWIR) refers to the portion of the infrared spectrum that encompasses wavelengths roughly between...

An electron tube that is used as a camera tube for a television system. When the picture to be transmitted is focused on a...

A ring laser gyroscope (RLG) is a type of gyroscope that uses laser light to detect and measure changes in orientation. It...

A CMOS image sensor, short for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor image sensor, is a type of semiconductor device used...

Ellipsometry is an optical technique used to characterize the properties of thin films and surfaces. It is based on the...

Whispering gallery mode (WGM) refers to a phenomenon in wave physics, particularly in optics, where waves, such as light or...

An image intensifier that consists of an evacuated tube with a large input phosphor screen at one end. The phosphor screen...

1. The photosensitive membrane on the inside of the human eye. 2. A scanning mechanism in optical character generation.

An impurity-doped silicon detector array sensitive to long infrared wavelengths, installed in optical collecting systems...

A sudden, brief increase in current or voltage in a circuit that can damage sensitive components and instruments. Preventive...

A line-scan camera, also known as a line-scan image sensor or linear array camera, is a type of digital camera designed to...

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is a type of optical filter that is inscribed or "written" into the core of an optical fiber. It...

A projection printer that is capable of reproducing a multiplicity of images from a master transparency on a single support...

Opsins are a group of light-sensitive proteins found primarily in the retinas of vertebrate and invertebrate eyes, as well...

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is a technique used in photon counting applications, particularly in the...

A CCD camera, or charge-coupled device camera, is a type of digital camera that utilizes a CCD image sensor to capture and...

An InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) camera is a type of imaging device that utilizes InGaAs sensors to capture images in the...

A miniature projecting device designed to enhance and reproduce the image generated by a smaller image-forming instrument....

A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a type of electronic image sensor used in various imaging devices, including digital...

A mid-infrared camera is a type of imaging device designed to capture images in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectral range,...

A handheld, light-sensitive device that is used with a display console to directly change, measure or erase the visual...

A light-tight box that receives light from an object or scene and focuses it to form an image on a light-sensitive material...

Wavelengths between 400 and 1400 nm (VIS to NIR) are focused onto the retina by the cornea. Because the retina is sensitive...

An instrument used for viewing in low levels of illumination by means of infrared radiation. A high-aperture lens forms an...

A photoconductive cell having greatest sensitivity in the infrared region. The photosensitive material of the cell is lead...

Phototoxicity refers to the harmful effects caused by exposure to light, particularly intense or ultraviolet (UV) light, on...

An infrared detector is a device that is used to detect and measure infrared radiation, which lies beyond the visible...

A silicon photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It is a type of photodetector...

An InGaAs photodiode refers to a photodetector device that is constructed using a semiconductor material composed of a...

One of various types of fluorescent screens used to detect x-ray radiation. Photographic film is mildly sensitive to x-rays,...

Lensless microscopy, also known as computational or holographic microscopy, is an imaging technique that captures and...

Nanophotonics is a branch of science and technology that explores the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, typically at...

A nitrogen vacancy (NV) refers to a specific type of defect or impurity in a crystal lattice where a nitrogen atom replaces...

The term "embedded laser" typically refers to a laser device that is integrated or embedded into a larger system or...

A photomask, also known simply as a mask or reticle, is a key component in the photolithography process used in...

A calcium indicator is a molecule that is sensitive to changes in calcium ion (Ca2+) concentrations in biological systems....

Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a medical treatment approach that combines elements of phototherapy and immunotherapy to target...

Cathode radiant sensitivity refers to the ability of a photocathode to convert incident radiant energy, typically in the...

Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is a molecular biology technique used to rapidly amplify specific DNA or RNA...

Quantum efficiency (QE) is a measure of the effectiveness with which a device or system, typically in the context of...

An instrument that serves to produce an enlarged electron image on a fluorescent screen by focusing an infrared image of a...

A microchannel plate (MCP) is a specialized electron multiplier device used in various applications such as particle...

Quantum-enhanced metrology refers to the use of quantum mechanics principles and techniques to enhance the precision and...

A solid-state video detector consisting of a single row of light-sensitive semiconductor devices, used in linear-array...

Also known as single plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), this process was designed for imaging of sensitive samples and...

A light-sensitive resistor in which resistance decreases with increase in light intensity when illuminated. The device...

A device designed to detect microwave modulation and to mix modulated and unmodulated laser beams. It consists of a...

Metabolic imaging refers to the visualization and quantification of metabolic processes within living organisms, tissues, or...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that measures changes in hemoglobin...

Low-insertion-loss fiber coupler fabricated from a sheet of light-sensitive material laminated onto a fused quartz substrate...

Capability requirement for optical switches for transmission lines to process arbitrarily polarized light because of the...

Film that produces color negatives or transparencies by the use of three emulsions, one coated over the other, that are each...

The photographic recording of images on a medium sensitive to infrared radiation, using a source capable of emitting in the...

Black and white film that is sensitive to green, blue and violet light but not to red light.

A linear image sensor is a type of solid-state electronic device used to capture and convert light into electrical signals....

Biometrics refers to the automated recognition of individuals based on their physiological or behavioral characteristics....

In optics and photolithography, a phase mask refers to a device that modifies the phase of light waves passing through it....

A structure consisting of a thin film of liquid crystal sandwiched between light-polarizing filters that have received a...

A type of ultrasensitive laser spectroscopy that can detect quantities as small as a single atom of some substances and that...

A discipline that combines optics and genetics to enable the use of light to stimulate and control cells in living tissue,...

Colorless crystals used in photoelectric cells and for photosensitive material in cathodes.

An image intensifier, also known as an image intensification tube or image intensification device, is a specialized...

A method for obtaining the optical absorption spectra of solids, semisolids, liquids and gases. PAS is inherently...

The term photochemical pertains to chemical processes or reactions that are initiated or influenced by the absorption of...

Fluorescence is a type of luminescence, which is the emission of light by a substance that has absorbed light or other...

A direct method of measuring refractive index that works best with flat-surfaced samples (i.e., those that are not dependent...

A near-infrared (NIR) camera is an imaging device designed to capture images in the near-infrared region of the...

A semiconductor material used in photodetectors, sensitive in the infrared up to 5 µm.

In photography, the layer of light-sensitive material (usually a suspension of silver halide crystals) that coats the film...

A tiny lens (as small as 100 µm in diameter) used to focus light on charge-coupled devices, formed by heating a...

Two-photon polymerization (TPP) is a technique used in additive manufacturing, specifically in the field of 3D printing. It...

A type of receiver that uses a local oscillator at a frequency deliberately offset from that of the incoming signal. It is...

Photolithography is a key process in the manufacturing of semiconductor devices, integrated circuits, and...

A microbubble resonator is a device used in photonics and optical physics for the precise manipulation of light waves. It...

Transparencies that represent progressive steps in the amount of transmitted radiation for administering predetermined...

The process of microphotography that involves the reduction of the original at a ratio greater than 100 to 1. The process is...

A fluorographic method whereby the sensitive photographic medium is pressed against a fluorescent screen to form a visible...

An imaging system that uses a mosaic of tiny light-sensitive semiconductors (phototransistors) to produce individual outputs...

Plastic optics refers to optical components or systems that are made from transparent plastic materials, as opposed to...

Device that uses a coherent reference wave to record the interference patterns produced by incident ultrasonic waves on an...

Quantum sensing refers to a class of sensing technologies that leverage principles from quantum mechanics to enhance the...

The face of a cathode-ray tube (CRT) that has a fiber optic sheet attached to its surface. The sheet's fibers are at right...

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy is a technique used in analytical chemistry to obtain IR spectra of samples....

An electron-beam lithography (EBL) system is a sophisticated nanofabrication tool used in the semiconductor industry and...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique that enhances the Raman scattering signal of...

In digital data transmission, the representation of a bit by change in amplitude of the outgoing signal. Amplitude shift...

A lightproof box used for storing photosensitive materials.

A technique that uses the passage of an electrical current through a recording medium to produce a permanent image on that...

A critical image parameter in applications where object position may change dynamically relative to the imager; this is a...

A detector-Dewar assembly typically refers to a combination of a detector and a Dewar flask used in scientific instruments,...

A forerunner of the modern camera, this instrument had a focusable lens that produced a sharp image on the enclosure...

A photosensitive device used to optically scan and read character data (numbers, letters etc.) and input this data into a...

A photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a highly sensitive vacuum tube that detects and amplifies low levels of light. It is widely...

A platform mount used to hold sensitive optical instruments immobile.

The analysis and measurement of the fluorescence emitted by a source. Fluorometric processes are more sensitive than light...

A thin-film photoconductive cell that is sensitive to the infrared region. The photosensitive material of the cell is...

A room that is light-tight, permitting total darkness or illumination with a safelight when working with photosensitive...

A film or plate that is usually coated on both sides with a very fast emulsion that is sensitive to x-rays, and used to...

Spontaneous changes to the visual system making it more or less sensitive to light.

The recording achieved when a surface, illuminated by a signal-controlled light beam, emits electrons or reacts in some...

An emulsion in which grains of the photosensitive material silver halide are deposited. Each grain, when exposed to light,...

A detector sensitive only to signals close to or at a particular frequency that is the same as the frequency of a control...

A dichroic mirror, also known as a dichroic beamsplitter or interference filter beamsplitter, is an optical device that...

The storage of information via optical means, primarily employing a low-power laser to inscribe data on a photosensitive...

The light-sensitive cells on the retina of the eye that are responsible for low-resolution, peripheral vision.

A light-sensitive detector having a chemical compound that reacts when exposed to light. It is used in photochemistry and...

Filtered light to which photographic or other photosensitive materials are not responsive; used to illuminate darkrooms when...

An emulsion that can record colored light.

Lithography is a key process used in microfabrication and semiconductor manufacturing to create intricate patterns on the...

A solid-state panel of the photoconductor-electroluminescent type. The photoconductive layer, sensitive to x-rays, is coated...

A camera tube widely used in television broadcasting. It consists of three sections within a single vacuum envelope. 1. A...

A mechanical or electronic device used to control the amount of time that a light-sensitive material is exposed to radiation.

A substance that increases a material's sensitivity to electromagnetic irradiation. In photodynamic therapy, a drug used to...

A hyperspectral imaging camera is a sophisticated imaging device capable of capturing and processing data across a wide...

A terahertz spectrometer is a scientific instrument used to measure and analyze the properties of materials in the terahertz...

A two-electrode, radiation-sensitive junction formed in a semiconductor material in which the reverse current varies with...

A thermistor that uses a semiconductor that is sensitive to infrared radiation to measure the radiation's intensity.

That region of the electromagnetic spectrum to which the retina is sensitive and by which the eye sees. It extends from...

A metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodiode is a type of photodetector that consists of metal electrodes on a semiconductor...

LiFi, short for light fidelity, is a wireless communication technology that utilizes visible light or infrared light to...

Infrared optics refer to optical components and systems designed to manipulate and control infrared (IR) light, which lies...

A reflection hologram using multiple color lasers that integrates various graphical techniques to allow the display of...

A photovoltaic cell usually sensitive to infrared radiation. It may have a copper base and a film of cuprous oxide. When it...

The photographic recording of an image formed by the alteration in electrical properties of the sensitive materials and...

An intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera is an advanced imaging device that combines the capabilities of both an...

The intensification of a latent image, because of exposure to light to which the emulsion is otherwise insensitive.

A photoemissive detector sensitive to wavelengths up to 1 µm. It has one sharp maximum of sensitivity at 350 nm and a...

An instrument for measuring the vertical angle of an object. It usually contains an accurately made protractor, a sensitive...