A material used in photodynamic therapy that is retained selectively by tumor tissue when injected into the body; it then fluoresces when exposed to blue light and necroses when exposed to red laser light.

A nonlinear label-free imaging technique commonly used during surgical procedures for the visualization of collagen fibers...

Phase contrast microscopy is an optical microscopy technique that enhances the contrast of transparent and colorless...

A near-infrared (NIR) camera is an imaging device designed to capture images in the near-infrared region of the...

Lens testing equipment refers to a range of specialized tools and instruments used to evaluate the optical performance,...

The Golgi staining technique (also called the black reaction) makes it possible to look at the nervous system by rendering...

Autofluorescence refers to the natural emission of fluorescence exhibited by certain biological structures or molecules when...

A naturally occurring pigment in tissue that may selectively absorb certain wavelengths and can be used to aid in targeting...

Photodynamic inactivation (PDI) is a therapeutic approach that utilizes the combination of light, a photosensitizer, and...

Histology is the branch of biology and medicine that involves the study of the microscopic structure of tissues and organs...

Laser surgery by means of a low-power laser system using a synthetic sapphire scalpel that transmits the laser light while...

An infrared light-emitting diode (IR LED) is a semiconductor device that emits infrared light when an electric current...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics and biomedical research to obtain...

Phototheranostics, a portmanteau of "photo" (light), "therapy," and "diagnostics," refers to an emerging field that combines...

Laser-mediated gene transfer refers to a technique in molecular biology and genetic engineering that utilizes lasers to...

Abbreviated PAI. An imaging modality with a hybrid technique based on the acoustic detection of optical absorption from...

Three-photon microscopy is an advanced imaging technique that belongs to the family of multi-photon microscopy methods. It...

A resonator is a device or system that exhibits resonance, which is a phenomenon that occurs when an external force or...

Holmium lasers are a type of medical laser that utilizes holmium-doped crystals as the gain medium. The term holmium laser...

Photoplethysmography (PPG) is a non-invasive optical technique used to detect changes in blood volume in tissues. It...

Immunohistochemistry (IHC) is a method for detecting antigens or haptens in cells of a tissue section by using labeled...

A hydrogel is a three-dimensional network of polymer chains that are hydrophilic, meaning they have a strong affinity for...

Micro-optical coherence tomography (micro-OCT) is an imaging technique that is an adaptation of optical coherence tomography...

Swept-source optical coherence tomography is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics, particularly in...

Participates in a reaction only in the presence of light and radiant energy. Besides 3D printing, photoreactive agents also...

A calcium indicator is a molecule that is sensitive to changes in calcium ion (Ca2+) concentrations in biological systems....

Structural color refers to coloration in materials that is not caused by pigments or dyes but is instead a result of the...

Virtual histology refers to the use of digital technology and computational methods to simulate or recreate histological...

A phenomenon, exploited for medical imaging, in which the nuclei of material placed in a strong magnetic field will absorb...

Phototoxicity refers to the harmful effects caused by exposure to light, particularly intense or ultraviolet (UV) light, on...

An instrument designed to give precise and rapid detection of changes in tumor growth as well as the location of small...

A substrate refers to a material or surface upon which another material or process is applied or deposited. In various...

Attenuation refers to the gradual loss or reduction of intensity, force, or magnitude of a particular property as it...

Techniques used in biology to produce microradiographs of cells, tissues or small organisms.

An antigen is any substance that is capable of triggering an immune response in an organism. Antigens are typically proteins...

STED microscopy, or stimulated emission depletion microscopy, is a superresolution imaging technique in fluorescence...

Phototherapy is a medical treatment that involves the use of light to treat various conditions, particularly those related...

A soft, malleable, stable rare-earth element. Holmium laser systems are used in surgical procedures involving the cutting...

A monitoring technique used to measure the oxygen saturation levels in the brains of patients, commonly in operating room...

An imaging device originally created to image whole mouse brain volumes at microscopic resolution. The main component of the...

Optoacoustic, or photoacoustic, refers to a phenomenon and related techniques that involve the generation of acoustic waves...

In vitro is a Latin term that translates to "in glass." In scientific contexts, particularly in biology and medicine, it...

A laser skin-resurfacing method that creates microscopic thermal wounds referred to as microscopic treatment zones (MTZs),...

A method of studying the chemical and physical properties of atoms and molecules (typically living tissue and chemical...

A pathogen is a biological agent, such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, protozoan, or parasite, that causes disease in its...

The cause of some forms of laser injury in which tissue absorbs incident laser light and experiences a damaging rise in...

Laser surgery refers to a medical procedure in which a laser, or focused beam of light, is used as a precision tool to cut,...

Hyperspectral imaging is an advanced imaging technique that captures and processes information from across the...

Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) is an advanced imaging technique that provides information about the lifetime of...

Birefringence is an optical property of certain materials that causes them to exhibit different refractive indices for light...

A mixture of ionized gas and metal vapor generated by impingement of the laser beam onto a material being welded or a weld...

Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a medical treatment approach that combines elements of phototherapy and immunotherapy to target...

An ultrafast laser is a type of laser that emits extremely short pulses of light with durations typically on the order of...

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics, particularly in...

In vivo is a Latin term that translates to "within the living." In scientific contexts, particularly in biology and...

Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) is a nonlinear optical method that allows imaging of biological cells and living...

Metabolic imaging refers to the visualization and quantification of metabolic processes within living organisms, tissues, or...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a non-invasive neuroimaging technique that measures changes in hemoglobin...

An Er:YAG laser is a type of solid-state laser that uses a crystal made of erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet...

Rare earth dopants refer to elements from the lanthanide series, also known as rare earth elements, that are intentionally...

Microscopy is a scientific technique that involves the use of microscopes to observe and study objects that are too small to...

Terahertz (THz) refers to a unit of frequency in the electromagnetic spectrum, denoting waves with frequencies between 0.1...

Differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy, also known as Nomarski interference contrast microscopy, is an optical...

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive imaging technique used in medical and scientific fields to capture...

Time-lapse optical coherence tomography (OCT) refers to a medical imaging technique that captures a series of sequential OCT...

A discipline that combines optics and genetics to enable the use of light to stimulate and control cells in living tissue,...

A biomarker, short for biological marker, refers to a measurable and quantifiable indicator of a biological condition,...

Nanoparticle photonic resonator absorption microscopy is a microscopy technique that combines the principles of photonic...

Multispectral imaging is a technique that involves capturing and analyzing images at multiple discrete spectral bands within...

Reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique that allows for high-resolution, in vivo imaging...

A hyperspectral imaging camera is a sophisticated imaging device capable of capturing and processing data across a wide...

Excimer laser coronary angioplasty (ELCA) refers to a medical procedure used in the treatment of coronary artery disease....

A swept-source laser, also known as a wavelength-swept laser, is a type of laser that rapidly and continuously changes its...

A substance that increases a material's sensitivity to electromagnetic irradiation. In photodynamic therapy, a drug used to...

Whole slide imaging (WSI), also known as virtual slide microscopy or digital pathology, is a technology that involves the...

The study of the optical properties of living tissue. Increased understanding of the behavior of light in this varied,...

A light therapy that utilizes nonionizing light sources, including lasers, LEDs, and broadband light, in the visible and...

The use of a surgical laser instead of sutures or staples to close a wound or rejoin severed blood vessels.

Histochemical staining is a laboratory technique used in biology and medicine to visualize specific chemical components...

An excimer laser is a type of ultraviolet laser that emits short pulses of light in the ultraviolet spectrum. The term...

A metabolite is any small molecule that is a product of metabolism, the chemical processes that occur within living...

Intravital microscopy is an imaging technique used to visualize biological processes within living organisms, typically in...

A contact tip made of artificial sapphire (AlO2) that allows surgeons to use laser power to cut and coagulate tissue...

Holographic tomography is an advanced imaging technique that combines holography and tomography to provide three-dimensional...

Second-harmonic generation (SHG) is a nonlinear optical process that occurs when two photons with the same frequency combine...

Opsins are a group of light-sensitive proteins found primarily in the retinas of vertebrate and invertebrate eyes, as well...

Brightfield refers to a type of microscopy and imaging technique in which the specimen is illuminated with a white light...

Laser ablation is a process that involves the removal or erosion of material from a target surface using laser energy. This...

Ultrasonic refers to sound waves with frequencies higher than the upper audible limit of human hearing, typically above...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a non-invasive analytical technique that uses the near-infrared region of the...

The light emitted from tissues without the use of fluorescent dyes as markers. Because cancerous tissues and normal tissues...

A coherent fiber bundle (CFB), also known as a coherent fiber optic bundle, is an assembly of multiple optical fibers...

A technique of using dyes during endoscopy to improve tissue differentiation. Dyes such as methylene blue, Toluidine blue...

Medical lasers are devices that produce intense beams of light with specific characteristics and properties, which are used...

Fluorescence microscopy is a specialized optical imaging technique used in biology, chemistry, and materials science to...