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electrons News
Photons, Phonons Swap Data
DURHAM, N.C., Dec. 14, 2007 -- The discovery of a way to transfer encoded information from a laser beam to sound waves and then back to light waves again is being seen as a step toward designing tomorrow's superfast optical communications networks. Swapping data between media like this would allow information to be captured and retained for very brief intervals. Data could be stored within pockets of acoustic vibration created when laser beams interact along a short strand of optical fiber, the Duke University-led team...
STM Made 100 Times Faster
ITHACA, N.Y., Nov. 6, 2007 -- A scanning tunneling microscope (STM) has been developed that can image individual atoms on a surface at least 100 times faster than a traditional instrument. It may also allow researchers to precisely measure the temperatures of single atoms and...
EUV Lithography Improved
CHAMPAIGN, Ill., Sept. 12, 2007 -- Light has been generated and optics damage lessened in extreme ultraviolet lithography by adding a lighter gas to plasma. The microelectronics lithography method is considered a candidate for creating a new generation of smaller, more powerful...
Spectroscopy Tools Developed
GAITHERSBURG, Md., June 11, 2007 -- Calibration tools have been developed to help correct and confirm the performance of analytic instruments that identify substances based on fluorescence. Recent years have seen a significant increase in the development and use of...
'Spin Transport' Controlled in Silicon
NEWARK, Del., May 21, 2007 -- The magnet-like spin properties of electrons have been measured and controlled in silicon for the first time, research that could lead to dramatically improved computers and cell phones. The discovery advances the nascent field of spintronics,...
'1/f' Noise Discovery Could Improve Sensors, Detectors
ARGONNE, Ill., May 11, 2007 -- More sensitive sensors and detectors based on semiconductor electronics could result from new findings by researchers from the US, Norway and Russia. Their work has taken a decisive step forward in identifying the origin of the universal...
'Vortex Lattices' May Help Explain Material Defects
BOULDER, Colo., Dec. 27, 2006 -- By superimposing a rotating pattern of intersecting laser beams on a spinning cloud of ultracold atoms in a thin gas, scientists have created a new technique that could be used to simulate why and how defects arise in superconductors, which are...
Magnetic Polymers May Advance Spintronics
ARGONNE, Ill., Dec. 20, 2006 -- Researchers have pioneered a new approach for making magnetic polymers that are held together with very strong hydrogen bonds and that contain an innovative bifluoride that allows a magnetically ordered state to be obtained. The development may help...
Era of High-Speed Optical Computing Approaching
CORVALLIS, Ore., Dec. 5, 2006 -- Physicists have discovered a way to manipulate the transmission of optical signals in tiny wires, dramatically slowing, stopping or even speeding them up to velocities faster than the speed of light -- a major advance that could open the door to a...
Atoms 'Herded' into Pens
HALLE, Germany, Dec. 4, 2006 -- It has long been known that it is possible to confine electrons or atoms in atomic structures in the same way as sheep can be shut in a pen. But physicists have now discovered a strange thing: if the atomic fences have the right shape and the...
Graphene Discovery Leads to Top Physics Prize
MANCHESTER, England, Oct. 23, 2006 -- A discovery that could lead to computers being made from one-atom-thick sheets of carbon has netted a British scientist one of England's top physics prizes. Professor Andre Geim of the University of Manchester School of Physics and Astronomy has...
Researchers Seek to Integrate THz Detectors and Electronics
BUFFALO, N.Y., Oct. 11, 2006 -- Sensors and detectors that work in the terahertz range show promise in applications ranging from precise identification of concealed weapons to the ability to distinguish between different tissue types for disease screening, but signals in that...
Double Qdots Control Kondo Effect
ATHENS, Ohio, Sept. 15, 2006 -- Two quantum dots connected by wires could help scientists better control the Kondo effect in experiments and could lead to a better understanding of structures such as superconductors, according to a new study. The Kondo effect occurs when...
Laser's Particle Analog Demonstrated
UPTON, N.Y., Sept. 13, 2006 -- Particle acceleration by stimulated emission of radiation (PASER), a sort of particle analog of the laser process, has been demonstrated for the first time by a team of physicists, according to the American Institute of Physics (AIP). In a...
Lasers Emerge as a Tool for the Direct Study of Electrons in Solids
Jun 1, 2006 — Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy is the most direct way to observe the quantum-mechanical structure of electrons in solids and one of the key tools used to understand the complex electronic interactions that lead to high-temperature...
Graphene Provides Foundation for New Electronics
ATLANTA, April 19, 2006 -- A study of how electrons behave in circuitry made from ultrathin layers of graphite – known as graphene – suggests the material could provide the foundation for a new generation of nanometer-scale devices that manipulate electrons as waves, much...
New Optical Effect Works Like X-ray Glasses
Mar 7, 2006 — LONDON, March 7, 2006 -- Researchers from the Imperial College London and the University of Neuchatel, Switzerland, have pioneered a new optical effect that in lab tests renders solid materials transparent. The scientists say the effect could one...
Excitonic Circuits: New Tools for Manipulating Photons
Jan 1, 2006 — Electronics uses electrons. Photonics uses photons. Recently, the new field of spintronics has been defined, which uses spins for signals. Could we eventually have excitonics, circuits based on the control of excitons? Although excitons have been...
Plasmon Behavior Analogous to Electron Dynamics
Oct 1, 2005 — Scientists at Rice University in Houston, Trinity University in San Antonio and Chalmers University of Technology in Göteborg, Sweden, have discovered that plasmons in a metallic nanoparticle interact with surface plasmons in a nearby metallic film...
Optical Microscopy Reveals Benefits of Strain for Spintronics
Aug 1, 2005 — In experiments at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico, Scott A. Crooker and Darryl L.G. Smith have demonstrated that strain can be used to control the spin of electrons flowing in bulk GaAs. They monitored the effects of applied electrical,...
Theorists Propose an All-Optical Transistor
May 1, 2005 — Optical computers -- computers in which photons replace the electrons of today's machines -- are expected to bring huge improvements in terms of compactness and speed and to yield unimaginable improvements in technology. Optical computing exists...
Quantum Dots Break 'Artificial Atom' Model
Feb 1, 2004 — A worldwide collaboration of scientists investigating the electronic states of quantum dots by the photons they emit has determined that the conception of the dots as "artificial atoms" is incomplete. The group included researchers from Ludwig...
Optical Stimuli Control Magnetism in Novel Materials
Oct 1, 2003 — In 1886, Heinrich Hertz observed that utraviolet light, when directed at a conduction plate, caused an increase in electrical charge. Einstein later articulated this as the photoelectric effect and explained how light waves or photons exist in...
Electro-Optical Characterization of Organic LEDs
Jul 1, 2003 — Organic LED displays employ an emerging light-emissive technology for efficiently converting electrons into visible light spectrum photons. Such devices have multiple layers composed of a wide variety of organic materials. In a typical display,...
X-Ray Laser Funding Approved
Jan 1, 2003 — A group of researchers at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in Menlo Park, Calif., are looking forward to seeing the world in a new light with the Linac Coherent Light Source. The x-ray free-electron laser is a step closer to reality with the...
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