A piezoelectric translator that moves up and down a spindle like a caterpillar. It clamps itself at one end, expands, clamps the other end, releases the first end, and then contracts and begins the cycle again. It is capable of rapid movement of up...

A device, also called a fluorescence lifetime instrument, that measures decay curves of fluorescing samples. It generally...

A tungsten filament lamp that uses an opal glass bulb to diffuse light.

A glow-discharge tube in which the discharge takes place in the conical or crater-shaped depression at one end of the tube.

A device that converts stored electrical energy into light by means of a sudden electrical discharge.

A small incandescent lamp whose intense beam is focused on the optical soundtrack of a motion picture film. The soundtrack...

A series of capacitors and inductors connected to the flashlamp in a pumped Nd:YAG laser system in order to regulate the...

A pulsed dye laser in which the excitation is provided by means of a flashlamp. Output is tunable from 335 to 850 nm, with...

1. Voltage at which a PN junction begins to pass a current. 2. In a solid-state lamp, the voltage at which light is first...

A projector used to project transparencies. A horizontal 8 x 10-in. stage for writing or laying down preformed...

A lamp whose output can be traced to a standard light source.

A very uncommon lamp in which a tungsten electrode is heated to incandescence by a radio-frequency electrical current.

Instruments used by ophthalmologists and optometrists to study the eye. There are, for instance, the ophthalmoscope to...

A thermal radiation detector consisting of a small cell with a blackened plastic front face that bulges slightly when heat...

A Nernst glower, also known simply as a Nernst lamp or Nernst filament, is a type of incandescent lamp or radiant heater...

FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometer is a powerful analytical instrument used to obtain an infrared spectrum of...

A light source, such as the sun or an incandescent lamp, that freely penetrates ordinary glass bulbs and emits in the...

A near-infrared (NIR) spectrometer is an analytical instrument used to measure the absorption, transmission, or reflection...

A lamp, usually incandescent, that has a very compact filament, permitting a greater concentration of emitted light, aided...

A lamp with a quartz envelope that transmits radiation generally rich in the ultraviolet.

A metal box with an opal glass front enclosing a lamp, used for viewing color transparencies or x-ray films.

A glow discharge lamp consisting of a cold cathode and a mixture of inert gases. The intensity of illumination varies with...

Wide-field fluorescence microscopy uses either naturally occurring structures or staining with fluorescent tags that are...

An autocollimator is an optical instrument used for measuring small angular deviations with high precision. It operates on...

A diode-pumped solid-state laser (DPSSL) is a type of laser system that uses semiconductor diode lasers to pump energy into...

A device that is designed to automatically turn electric lamps on and off in a rapidly repeating sequence. The device may...

A reference incandescent light source having a luminous intensity that is used in photometry for comparison of other light...

An electric discharge lamp in which the conducting vapor is that of metallic sodium instead of the usual mercury. It emits a...

A lamp that uses the transmission of an electric current through a gas or vapor to produce illumination. Neon, mercury and...

Phototherapy is a medical treatment that involves the use of light to treat various conditions, particularly those related...

Brightfield refers to a type of microscopy and imaging technique in which the specimen is illuminated with a white light...

A photometric instrument having two prisms clamped in optical contact to produce a photometric field with an acute dividing...

A magnifying lens fitted with a battery-operated lamp by which an object can be conveniently illuminated during observation.

Germicidal ultraviolet (GUV) refers to a specific range of UV radiation that has disinfectant properties capable of killing...

A lamp in which the ionization of the inert gas contained in it produces a glow in the space close to the negative electrode.

Small tungsten lamp used in surgical instruments such as cystoscopes, and for other purposes where space is limited.

A fiber optic spectrometer is a device used for measuring the spectral content of light. It utilizes optical fibers to...

The arc formed when the rare gas xenon is excited electrically and emits a brilliant white light. Xenon is used to fill...

Nd:YAG laser refers to a solid-state laser that utilizes neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:Y3Al5O12) as the gain...

An arc lamp whose carbon electrodes are enclosed in a transparent chamber, resulting in an arc that is steadier, lasts...

A factor derived by equating the incident light on the subject to the required incident light for suitable photography. The...

An evacuated bulb containing a tungsten filament that is heated by passing an electric current through it. In domestic light...

An incandescent or carbon arc lamp designed with a stable and compact arc or filament that permits it to be used as a light...

A lamp that emits light when an electric current passes through a resistant metallic wire situated in a vacuum tube.

A lamp that has mercury in a tube or bulb that has first been evacuated. The electricity travels through the vapor between...

A sensitometer that utilizes an electronic flashtube or a photoflash lamp as both the light source and the shutter for...

A unit of measurement of luminous intensity based on a physical standard, a set of calibrated carbon filament lamps. The old...

An arc lamp that has its cavity filled with krypton to produce a light source with unique characteristics.

Any lamp whose emission of radiant energy is dependent upon the passage of an electrical current through the emissive medium.

A lamp designed to emit a large amount of infrared radiation; used in applications requiring heat.

An incandescent or fluorescent lamp whose emittance spectrum resembles that of daylight.

A lamp that emits light as the result of the passage of an electrical current through ionized cesium vapor.

Computer numerically controlled (CNC) grinding is a manufacturing process that utilizes computerized controls and precision...

A solar simulator is a device used to replicate the spectrum and intensity of sunlight in a controlled environment for...

A device for the internal inspection of hard-to-get-at mechanical parts, such as rifle barrels, sewer pipes, oil wells, or...

A development aimed at extending the life of a tungsten filament. The iodine vapor in the lamp envelope combines with the...

An electroluminescent semiconductor that emits low intensity radiation in the green or red regions. Used as an indicator...

Quotient of total luminous flux divided by total radiant flux; lumens per watt. (For a source, quotient of total luminous...

Holmium lasers are a type of medical laser that utilizes holmium-doped crystals as the gain medium. The term holmium laser...

A halogen lamp, also known as a tungsten halogen, quartz-halogen, or quartz iodine lamp, is an incandescent lamp that uses a...

Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) refers to a specific range of ultraviolet radiation with shorter wavelengths than those of visible...

An instrument used to record rapidly varying currents or voltages. An oscillograph may consist of a cathode-ray tube...

Any object that emits radiation of a wavelength lying between about 0.75 to 1000 µm. A calibrated secondary source...

An instrument for measuring the brightness (luminance) of a scene. It may be a spot meter, covering an area of a degree or...

A laser crystal, also known as an active medium or gain medium, is a solid-state material used in the construction of...

The wavelength at which a lamp radiates its highest intensity.

A rare gas used in small high-pressure arc lamps to produce a high-intensity source of light closely resembling the color...

A family of specialized instruments used by ophthalmologists and optometrists to study a patient's eyes and prescribe...

A high-brightness, short-duration source in which low-pressure gas initiates the discharge to vaporize material from the...

A discharge lamp filled with deuterium to produce high-intensity ultraviolet radiation for use in spectroscopic analysis.

Deep ultraviolet (DUV or deep-UV) refers to a specific range of ultraviolet light with shorter wavelengths than those in the...

A lamp that yields a nonluminous flame; used in the spectroscopic analysis of radiation emitted by a substance placed in the...

A support for optical parts comprising a solid bed that permits precise longitudinal movement of one component relative to...

A laser in which stimulated emission is triggered by the absorption by electrons of light from an auxiliary source such as a...

A device designed to concentrate and direct a light source by enclosing the source in it and using a concave reflector to...

An atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) is an analytical instrument used to determine the concentration of specific chemical...

An optical medical instrument that uses an intense, precisely focused beam of light to stop weakened blood vessels from...

A gas lamp used in the early 1900s as a physical standard for measurement of luminous intensity. The Hefner unit was...

A compact high-pressure light source in which an electrical discharge between electrodes spaced no more than 12 mm apart...

A type of lamp that emits a high quantity of ultraviolet radiation. This may be an arc lamp encased in a bulb of a glass...

A circular lamp or bundles of optical fibers placed around the perimeter of an objective lens to illuminate the object field...

A solid-state laser is a type of laser that uses a solid gain medium (as opposed to a liquid or gas) to produce coherent...

An infrared light source is a device that emits light in the infrared spectrum, which lies beyond the visible spectrum of...

A mercury vapor discharge lamp that has cadmium added to emit radiation in the red region as a complement to the mercury...

A lamp used in projection that is made with a reflector built into the bulb, normally by coating a portion of its interior...

Rare-earth elements (REEs) are a group of seventeen chemical elements found in the Earth's crust, characterized by their...