An atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) is an analytical instrument used to determine the concentration of specific chemical elements in a sample by measuring the absorption of light at characteristic wavelengths. It is commonly used in analytical...

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography is an imaging technique used in medical diagnostics, particularly in...

Piezoresistance is a phenomenon in materials science and physics where the electrical resistance of a material changes in...

The sensitivity of a photographic emulsion when exposed to light, provided that the film is developed through a standard...

A photoemissive detector sensitive to wavelengths up to 1 µm. It has one sharp maximum of sensitivity at 350 nm and a...

Visible laser radiation, often optically expanded and collimated, used to induced temporary blindness from within a walking...

FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectrometer is a powerful analytical instrument used to obtain an infrared spectrum of...

3D Laser Triangulation - A technology that allows sensors to probe the surroundings. Laser triangulation systems have an...

An EMCCD (electron-multiplying charge-coupled device) camera is a type of scientific camera specifically designed for...

Total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy is an advanced fluorescence microscopy technique that leverages the...

A CCD that has been reduced in thickness by etching so that light passes through the back layers of the CCD. This type of...

A microscope design that involves apertures inserted in conjugate plane positions inside the microscope, with one aperture...

Noise created by patterns imaged on a CCD surface. Pixel sensitivity is altered by responsivity during illumination.

Change of sensitivity of the eye leading to changed color perception.

A microchannel plate (MCP) is a specialized electron multiplier device used in various applications such as particle...

A scientific CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor) camera is a type of digital camera specifically designed for...

A solid-state device similar to an ordinary transistor except that incident light on the PN junctions regulates the response...

A spectroscopic technique that combines the high chemical specificity of Raman scattering and signal sensitivity provided by...

A scintillation detector is a radiation detection device that utilizes scintillation crystals to detect and measure ionizing...

LiFi, short for light fidelity, is a wireless communication technology that utilizes visible light or infrared light to...

A fiber optic spectrometer is a device used for measuring the spectral content of light. It utilizes optical fibers to...

A detector array refers to a collection of individual detector elements arranged in a two-dimensional grid or matrix format....

A PIN photodiode is a type of photodetector or semiconductor device used to convert light signals into electrical signals....

In coherent optical communications systems, a laser used at the receiving end to produce a steady wave that is combined with...

A single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) is a specialized type of photodetector designed to detect extremely weak optical...

One of various types of fluorescent screens used to detect x-ray radiation. Photographic film is mildly sensitive to x-rays,...

Optical design software refers to specialized computer programs used by optical engineers, physicists, and designers to...

A metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) photodiode is a type of photodetector that consists of metal electrodes on a semiconductor...

A liquid crystal light valve (LCLV), also known as a spatial light modulator (SLM), is an optical device that modulates the...

An image intensifier, also known as an image intensification tube or image intensification device, is a specialized...

Microfluidics is a multidisciplinary field that involves the manipulation and control of very small fluid volumes, typically...

The term photochemical pertains to chemical processes or reactions that are initiated or influenced by the absorption of...

In optical communications, the translation of optical signals into radio signals, lowering their frequency in detection from...

A lock-in amplifier is a specialized electronic instrument used to extract and measure small signals embedded in noise or...

The responsivity of a photocathode to luminous energy equal to the ratio of the photoelectric emission to the incident...

A measure of the sensitivity of a detector; the reciprocal of noise equivalent power (NEP). See D*.

A transducer is a device or component that converts one form of energy into another. It is commonly used in various fields,...

A machine vision system is an integrated combination of hardware and software components designed to capture, process, and...

An InGaAs photodiode refers to a photodetector device that is constructed using a semiconductor material composed of a...

Photometry is the branch of science that deals with the measurement of light, particularly in terms of its intensity and the...

A digital camera is a device that captures and records still images or video in digital format. Unlike traditional film...

An infrared detector that achieves a specified sensitivity through the application of certain cryogenic temperatures.

A fiber optic sensor is a device that uses optical fibers to detect and measure physical, chemical, biological, or...

A type of pyroelectric detector with favorable qualities of linearity, sensitivity and spectral responsivity used in FTIR...

A salt of formic acid that can be used to enhance the photosensitivity of silver halide crystals.

A hyperspectral imaging camera is a sophisticated imaging device capable of capturing and processing data across a wide...

Although low in sensitivity (approximately 10-7 m for helium-neon lasers), this holographic technique permits quantitative...

Unlike the thermocouple or bolometer, the pyroelectric infrared detector is a current source with an output proportional to...

The decrease of a component's efficiency, or a reduction in a material's light sensitivity, as the result of accumulated...

Scientific complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (sCMOS) refers to a type of image sensor technology specifically designed...

That property of a material indicating that it will react when exposed to light energy.

A linear image sensor is a type of solid-state electronic device used to capture and convert light into electrical signals....

A phase-modulated sensor is a type of sensor that uses modulation of the phase of a signal to measure changes in a physical...

An APD detector, or avalanche photodiode detector, is a type of photodetector used to detect light or optical signals by...

A substance that increases a material's sensitivity to electromagnetic irradiation. In photodynamic therapy, a drug used to...

A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is a miniaturized device that integrates various laboratory functions and capabilities onto a single,...

A swept-source laser, also known as a wavelength-swept laser, is a type of laser that rapidly and continuously changes its...

Pixel binning, also known as pixel merging or pixel combining, is a technique used in digital imaging and camera technology....

A photon-counting instrument for use in both space-borne and ground-based photometric and spectroscopic instrumentation....

An intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) camera is an advanced imaging device that combines the capabilities of both an...

The central portion of the retina that has the greatest sensitivity to form and color.

Black and white film that has a wavelength sensitivity similar to that of the eye.

A photodiode detector is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It operates based on the...

CID, or charge injection device, camera refers to a type of imaging device that utilizes a specific kind of solid-state...

Laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) is a spectroscopic technique that involves using a laser to excite molecules or atoms,...

A device used to detect and measure small amounts of rotation. The rotating object contains a reflecting surface from which...

Quantum-enhanced metrology refers to the use of quantum mechanics principles and techniques to enhance the precision and...

A CCD camera, or charge-coupled device camera, is a type of digital camera that utilizes a CCD image sensor to capture and...

A photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a highly sensitive vacuum tube that detects and amplifies low levels of light. It is widely...

A fiber optic communications system that works on the principles of homodyning or heterodyning. The transmitting laser...

A standard direct-readout vidicon tube linked by fiber optics to an intensifier for increased sensitivity.

A scintillation crystal, also known simply as a scintillator, is a material that emits light when it interacts with ionizing...

Integration time, in the context of optics, imaging systems, and sensor technology, refers to the duration over which a...

A device that prevents electrons from a saturated pixel in a CCD imaging device from spilling into an adjacent pixel. The...

A lumen is a unit of measurement used to quantify the amount of luminous flux, which is the perceived power of light. In...

The term "Rydberg atom" refers to an atom in a highly excited state where one or more of its electrons are in a Rydberg...

Cathode radiant sensitivity refers to the ability of a photocathode to convert incident radiant energy, typically in the...

A spectrometric instrument that detects radiation simultaneously in multiple channels, sorts it spectrally from the deep...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a laboratory technique used to detect and measure the presence of specific...

A particular type of phototube having increased sensitivity as a result of the glow initiated by light incident to the...

An infrared detector is a device that is used to detect and measure infrared radiation, which lies beyond the visible...

A phototube having a cesium-coated cathode that has its greatest sensitivity in the infrared region.

A fiber optic gyroscope (FOG) is a type of gyroscope that uses the interference of light waves to detect changes in...

An emulsion in which grains of the photosensitive material silver halide are deposited. Each grain, when exposed to light,...

Fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) is an advanced imaging technique that provides information about the lifetime of...

Nanoparticle photonic resonator absorption microscopy is a microscopy technique that combines the principles of photonic...

The organ of vision or light sensitivity.

An instrument used to measure the light from a scene to be photographed and to indicate the camera lens and shutter settings...

A high-speed motion camera, also known as a high-speed camera or slow-motion camera, is a specialized imaging device...

A light-tight box that receives light from an object or scene and focuses it to form an image on a light-sensitive material...

That property of a material that determines its ability to release electrons when absorbing photons.

A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a type of electronic image sensor used in various imaging devices, including digital...

Plasmonics is a field of science and technology that focuses on the interaction between electromagnetic radiation and free...

In astronomy, the method of deliberately viewing objects with peripheral vision to take advantage of the eye's greater...

Color sensitivity extended to cover the entire visible spectrum out to the red.

A CCD image sensor, or charge-coupled device image sensor, is a type of electronic device used to convert optical images...

Germanium crystal refers to a crystalline form of the element germanium (Ge), which is a metalloid and semiconductor...

In a radiation detector, the ratio of the output to the input signal.

Optofluidics is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles from optics and fluidics to create devices and systems...

Quantitative phase imaging (QPI) is an advanced imaging technique used in microscopy to measure and analyze the optical...

Primarily the measurement of photographic sensitivity of certain materials such as photographic film. It refers to the...

Time-correlated single photon counting (TCSPC) is a technique used in photon counting applications, particularly in the...

A value used to designate the relative sensitivity of a detector. The higher the D* value, the better the detector.

A detector-Dewar assembly typically refers to a combination of a detector and a Dewar flask used in scientific instruments,...

A photodetector, also known as a photosensor or photodiode, is a device that detects and converts light into an electrical...

A silicon photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current. It is a type of photodetector...

Quantum sensing refers to a class of sensing technologies that leverage principles from quantum mechanics to enhance the...

A sensitometer having a continuously controlled monochromator to measure spectral sensitivity and contrast of photographic...

A discipline that combines optics and genetics to enable the use of light to stimulate and control cells in living tissue,...

Spectral flow cytometry is an advanced flow cytometry technique that expands the capabilities of traditional flow cytometry...

A confocal resonator, also known as a confocal cavity or confocal laser resonator, is a type of optical resonator...

Combining adjacent pixels into one larger pixel, resulting in increased sensitivity and lower resolution, or, in image...

A photocathode that exhibits maximum sensitivity in the blue and ultraviolet regions of the spectrum. The sensitivity is...

Nanophotonics is a branch of science and technology that explores the behavior of light on the nanometer scale, typically at...

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique that enhances the Raman scattering signal of...

A photoconductive cell having greatest sensitivity in the infrared region. The photosensitive material of the cell is lead...

An InGaAs (indium gallium arsenide) camera is a type of imaging device that utilizes InGaAs sensors to capture images in the...

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an analytical technique that combines the principles of Raman spectroscopy...

A near-infrared (NIR) camera is an imaging device designed to capture images in the near-infrared region of the...

Attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy is a technique used in analytical chemistry to obtain IR spectra of samples....

A measure of film speed sensitivity to light.

An instrument for determining the sensitivity of a photographic film to light. The film is given either a stepped exposure...

A CCD image sensor that uses a proximity-focused image intensifier to provide greater sensitivity at low light levels.

A structure consisting of a thin film of liquid crystal sandwiched between light-polarizing filters that have received a...

A nitrogen vacancy (NV) refers to a specific type of defect or impurity in a crystal lattice where a nitrogen atom replaces...