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Photonics Spectra - August 2002
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Issue Library
Features
Optical Coatings Reap the Benefits of Telecommunications
Over the last five years, the optical coating industry has been revolutionized to meet the challenges of producing the dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) filters for telecommunications...
Solid-State Q-Switched Lasers Expand Their Reach
Since their introduction a decade ago, there have been nearly continuous improvements in the performance and reliability of diode-pumped, single-transverse-mode, solid-state lasers with Q-switched...
Physical and Geometric Methods Combined to Model Optics
For nearly the entire history of modern lens design, engineers have used geometric ray tracing to model light propagation through optical components. This may soon change, however, thanks to the...
How Well Can Cameras Measure Color?
Video cameras find use in many automatic inspection applications, from checking the construction of automobiles to scanning microscope specimens for cancerous cells. Often it is important to inspect...
Tech Pulse
GaSe Yields High-Output IR Beyond 20 µm
Using a GaSe nonlinear optical crystal, researchers at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pa., and the US Air Force Research Laboratory at Wright Patterson Air Force Base in Ohio have produced widely tunable mid- to far-infrared radiation that extends beyond 28 µm with a peak power output of 2.2 kW at 4 µm.
Blue LED and Phosphor System Yield White Light
By combining a blue organic LED with a down-conversion phosphor system, researchers at General Electric Global Research Center in Niskayuna, N.Y., have created a white-light device that can deliver...
Waveguides Provide Multichannel Routing
Researchers from Friedrich Schiller Universität and Fraunhofer Institut für Angewandte Optik und Feinmechanik, both in Jena, Germany, have shown that thermo-optically controlled waveguide...
Semiconductors Stick Through a Cool Marriage
The ubiquitous semiconductor silicon is electronically powerful, but optically weak. It is blind, for example, in the 1.3- to 1.6-µm region of the spectrum that is useful for telecommunications...
Laser Technique Aids Spintronics
A research group at Eindhoven University of Technology in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, and at IMEC vzw in Louvain, Belgium, has demonstrated an optical technique that could provide needed materials...
Semiconductor Amplifier May Pose Alternative for DWDM
The output power and emission wavelengths of most of today's dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) transmitters are highly sensitive to changes in temperature and injection current, requiring...
Optical System Simulates PMD
Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) in legacy fiber is one of the greatest obstacles to upgrading telecommunications networks from 2.5 Gb/s to 10 and 40 Gb/s. Although means are emerging to compensate...
Planar Designs Produce Compact Devices
A team from the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, has created a set of compact optical devices by using diffractive optical elements deposited on a planar glass substrate. It expects...
MIT Designs High-Brightness Laser Diode
Researchers at Massachusetts Institute of Technology's Lincoln Laboratory in Lexington have designed a high-brightness laser diode that uses a slab-coupled waveguide with multiquantum-well gain...
Air Force Measures Refractive Index of BGG
Barium gallogermanate glasses are extraordinarily strong yet still exhibit a transmission region from 0.4 to 5.0 µm, making them seemingly ideal for a vast array of large-optic applications. A team...
Laser Induces Conformational Changes
Since Louis Pasteur's investigations into the optical activity of fermentation compounds in 1848, scientists have understood that the chemical properties of a substance depend on both the type and...
Space Electrons Dig Pits in Coatings
One may not think that space-borne telescopes would need much protection from outside elements, but electrons and protons caught in the Earth's magnetic field can have damaging effects on the...
Photonic Crystals Integrated into VCSELs
Single-fundamental-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) could benefit data transmission applications, but designing such a device to function over an entire pump range is difficult...
Multilayer Coating Shows Atomic Precision
Extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths don't transmit well, even through gaseous materials like air. Consequently, the EUV lithography prototype stepper being developed by a consortium of government and...
Lasers Grown from Solid Arsenic
Using gas-source molecular-beam epitaxy and a solid arsenic source, a team from Princeton University in New Jersey has constructed a 1.3-µm InGaAsN quantum-well laser with a characteristic...
light speed
Optical Networking Is Placed on Hold
When attendees at the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO) gathered in May to hear the latest forecast for the optical communications sector, it's a pretty safe bet that few were surprised to hear bad news. But the bleak picture, reinforced by the unanimity of panelists at the Future Trends in Optical Communications program, was probably darker and more ominous than most attendees might...
NEMI Unveils Optoelectronics Projects
The National Electronics Manufacturing Initiative, an industry-organized "virtual consortium" known as NEMI, has announced three new optoelectronics projects focusing on optical adhesives, fiber...
What's Sapping Foreign Investment in Israel?
In the fall of 2000, Israel's technology sector was about to change course -- in two respects. Second only to the US in the number of high-tech start-ups, the country was on its way to drawing a...
Accent on Applications
Shipbuilder Boosts Welds with Lasers
With Lindbergh's trans-Atlantic flight in 1927, it appeared that the days of the ocean liner were numbered and that floating palaces like Olympic and Aquitania that had once ruled the seas might...
Line Scanning to Save Player Piano Rolls
Although to modern ears the music of a player piano is a sound track for the gilded age, the instrument that made ragtime a ubiquitous part of the American musical experience relied on one of the...
Clock to Be Tested in Microgravity
When the "primary atomic reference clock in space" project is launched in 2005, it will measure the relativistic effects of gravity on time. The project is the first flight to the international space...
Microlasers Developed for Altimetry
When Lewis and Clark set out from the head of the St. Louis River in 1804 to chart the unexplored territory west of the Mississippi, each mile surrendered by the wilderness was measured in the...
Presstime Bulletin
Technique Renders High-Contrast Images of Semiconductor Sites
A procedure combining optical-beam-induced current imaging and scanning confocal microscopy has produced high-contrast images of semiconductor sites on an integrated chip. Although imaging optically...
Phonons Show Strong Interaction with Light
Researchers at Max Planck Institut für Biochemie report that lattice vibrations of polar dielectrics can enhance optical near-field coupling in the infrared. Described in the July 11 issue of Nature,...
Low-Temperature Technique Produces Oxide Films
Most deposition techniques for crystalline oxide films involve subjecting amorphous films to high temperatures. This, however, can limit a film's ability to coalesce with thermally unstable...
Single Shot Measures Two-Photon Absorption
A relatively simple direct measurement of the two-photon absorption spectrum for emergent organic chromophores -- important to biological imaging -- measures the spectrum in a single shot by...
Laser Induces Patterns in Polymer Solutions
Researchers from the Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser and the University of Athens, both in Greece, and the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz, Germany, have reported the...
Holographic Camera Captures Plankton in 3-D
Understanding the distribution of plankton and inorganic aggregates in seawater lends vital insight into the dynamics of aquatic systems. Since the mid-60s, holographic imaging has held unique...
Waveguide Sensors Handle High Heat with Low Loss
Although single-crystal Y2O3-ZrO2 (zirconia) fibers are more resistant to high temperatures than sapphire strands, they typically suffer large optical losses in the 900-nm range. That drawback...
Two-Photon Method Images Flip Chips
The "face down" mounting of flip chips onto motherboards has provided a more efficient way of packaging processors, but it also has complicated inspection techniques because only the back of the chip...
Intracavity Optics Control Laser Mode
Adaptive optics helped curb intracavity aberration in a diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser's oscillation mode profile. Scientists at the University of Strathclyde in Glasgow, UK, incorporated the 37-element...
Adjustable Responsivity Built into Microbolometers
In an air-bridge microbolometer, support beams hold the thermal infrared detector material away from the substrate, thus reducing its thermal conductance. An extremely large signal will cause the...
Products
OPTICAL TESTING
ILX Lightwave Corp. offers 30-mW distributed feedback source modules that cover the S-, C- and L-bands. The FOS-9200 series can be used with the SSB-9200 high-density source bank to operate more test...
Newport - ILX Lightwave, Photonics
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IN-LINE POLARIMETER
General Photonics Corp. designed its in-line polarimeter for polarization-mode-dispersion compensation and measurement, and polarization stabilization, division multiplexing, analysis and monitoring....
General Photonics Corp.
4-Mb/s PHOTODIODE
The SD150-13-003 is a 4-Mb/s silicon PIN photodiode designed for use in IrDA-compatible transceivers, fiber optic LANs and VCSEL-based IR links. This photodiode from Advanced Photonix Inc. offers low...
Advanced Photonix
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NEAR-IR PHOTODIODES
Pacific Silicon Sensor Inc. offers its series 9 near-IR silicon avalanche photodiodes. The company says their unique construction and clean processing techniques enable a responsivity of almost 60...
First Sensor Inc.
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PHOTODETECTOR MODULES
Series F photodetector modules from Martin, Froeschner & Associates have increased amplification and a reduced size. The multistage AC-coupled transimpedance amplifiers provide overall conversion...
Martin, Froeschner & Associates
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SIGNAL CONVERTER
The TIA-4000 is an InGaAs avalanche photodiode optical-to-electrical signal converter designed to provide high speed and gain with low noise for 10-Gb/s communications. With applications including...
Terahertz Technologies Inc.
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RINGLIGHTS
StockerYale Inc. says its quartz polymer-clad silica fiber optic ringlights will allow 10 percent more illumination output than glass fibers across the visible range, transmit whiter illumination...
ProPhotonix Ltd.
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VARIABLE RATIO COUPLER
The 905(P)-E variable ratio coupler from Canadian Instrumentation & Research Ltd. can be remotely controlled via piezoelectric actuators. A differential micrometer and lever system with a 25:1...
Evanescent Optics Inc.
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POLARIZATION ANALYZERS
Thorlabs Inc. has released its PA500 series of polarization analyzers for measuring fully and partially polarized light from fiber optic and free-space input. With a 30-nW to 3-mW power range and a...
Thorlabs Inc.
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COMPACT EDFA
Lightwaves2020 Inc. has launched an erbium-doped fiber amplifier in a compact (40 x 70 x 12 mm) module, with a pump laser that does not require cooling. In the C-band, it can amplify from one to four...
Lightwaves2020 Inc.
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POLARIZATION CONTROL
Oz Optics Ltd. has released an electrically operated polarization controller that provides near-negligible insertion and return losses. The device has four birefringence transducers, each controlled...
OZ Optics Limited
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AUTOMATED ALIGNMENT
The AutoAlign-MDX from Newport Corp. is a modular system for the alignment and measurement of fiber optic telecommunications components, including planar waveguides, AWGs, collimator arrays and MEMS....
MKS/Newport
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FIBER ALIGNMENT
Keithley Instruments Inc. has released a fiber alignment photodiode meter that integrates laser diode fiber alignment and light-current-voltage characterization. Model 2502 provides analog feedback...
Keithley Instruments Inc.
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DROP/ADD MODULES
Switchable optical drop/add modules for wavelength management have been released by Alliance Fiber Optic Products Inc. These compact devices can be configured with 100- and 200-GHz spacing on the ITU...
Alliance Fiber Optic Products Inc.
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INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY
The IR-6416 laser-pulse spectroscopy system from Infrared Systems Development Corp. incorporates 64 detector elements and 16 external inputs for 80 high-speed, low-noise, data acquisition channels....
Infrared Systems Development Corp.
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LINE-SCAN CAMERA
The Opsis 5150HL line-scan camera from Wintriss Engineering Corp. acquires a 5150-pixel line at 40 megapixels per second and corrects for lighting conditions in real time. The image is sent to a host...
Wintriss Engineering Corp.
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DIFFUSION FILTERS
Clarex DR-IIIC light-diffusion filters are designed to diffuse backlighting and enhance display brightness without changing the internal light source. These filters from Astra Products Inc. are cast...
Astra Products Inc.
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DATA CONVERTER
The Imaging Source has released a video-to-FireWire converter that enables live display of uncompressed NTSC/PAL data streams at full resolution, even on laptop computers. The DFG/1394-1 provides a...
The Imaging Source LLC
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AREA-SCAN CCD CAMERA
A progressive-scan CCD camera with 6.45 x 6.45-µm pixels and a Camera Link interface has been announced by Basler Vision Components. The A102k 1392 x 1040-pixel camera is available in a monochrome...
Basler AG
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INFRARED CAMERAS
Designed for scientific imaging and process automation applications, the VisIR line of infrared cameras from Thermoteknix Systems Ltd. offer thermal sensitivity down to 85 mK, standard temperature...
Thermoteknix Systems Ltd.
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IMAGE ACQUISITION BOARD
The PXI-1409 multichannel monochrome image acquisition board from National Instruments combines a high-speed PCI bus with timing and triggering functions for asynchronous acquisition and integration...
National Instruments Corp.
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PROCESS MONITORING
The Reaction RamanProbe from InPhotonics Inc. is a Raman fiber optic device for monitoring laboratory and industrial reactions up to 200 °C. The 5/8-in.-diameter probe, made of stainless steel...
InPhotonics (See Bascom-Turner Instruments)
POWER SUPPLIES
The LK series power supplies from Glassman High Voltage Inc. are suitable for x-ray, e-gun, accelerator and other applications that require 3 kW of output. They are CE Mark-certified and can be used...
Glassman High Voltage Inc. (now part of XP Power)
LIGHT MEASUREMENT
The P-9710-2 optometer from Gigahertz-Optik Inc. features a pulse-energy mode for on-site measurement of flashing or modulated light sources. This handheld device can measure the pulse energy of both...
Gigahertz-Optik Inc.
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IR-BLOCKING FILMS
CPFilms Inc. has unveiled a line of films designed for applications that require transparency while blocking infrared radiation. The company says the films block 80% to 98% of infrared light between...
Solutia Precision Coated Films, Flexvue
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ADHESIVE DISPENSING
The Mikros pen from EFD Inc. is suitable for dispensing two-part epoxies, ultraviolet-cure adhesives and other high-performance assembly fluids, while reducing waste. It features a disposable 0.25-cc...
Nordson EFD
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LASER WELDING
The Rofin Laser Macro Group has announced the DC 045W, a CO2 slab laser with an average output of 4500 W. This diffusion-cooled laser has a beam quality of K ≥ 0.9, which enables narrow and...
Rofin-Sinar Inc.
CO2 LASER OPTICS
A line of CO2 laser beam delivery optics is available from Laser Research Optics. Lenses, mirrors and beam combiners are offered with outer diameters from 1/2 to 1 1/2 in. and focal lengths ranging...
Laser Research Optics
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LINE LASER
The ZDX-V "power cross" line laser from Z-Laser Optoelektronik GmbH includes two fixed diode lasers and optics that can be rotated against each other by 90°. The laser is available with output...
Z-LASER GmbH
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LASER EXCITATION
The Flash 200 cuvette holder from Quantum Northwest Inc. is suitable for laser excitation studies such as pump-probe experiments and for fluorescence, flash photolysis and pulsed-laser photoacoustics...
Quantum Northwest Inc.
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TUNABLE LIGHT SOURCE
A color-tunable digital light source introduced by Gamma Scientific is suitable for photometric and radiometric calibrations and for use as a standard for verifying the performance of solid-state...
Gamma Scientific
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INFRARED LED
Hamamatsu Corp.'s L8506 infrared LED emits a collimated light beam to produce the uniform light spot needed for use in optical encoders. The company says the device's high-speed response and...
Hamamatsu Corporation
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TUNABLE FILTERS
Micron Optics Inc. has introduced two tunable filters for dense wavelength division multiplexing applications in the metropolitan market. The compact metro tunable filter is designed for tunable...
Micron Optics Inc.
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OPTICAL SENSORS
Anritsu Co. has launched optical sensors that can measure optical amplification devices used in long-haul DWDM networks, including erbium-doped-fiber and Raman amplifiers. The sensors can evaluate...
Anritsu Co.
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OPTICAL GLASS
Sumita Optical Glass Inc. has introduced the K-PG325/Super Vidron optical glass for precision molding in the temperature range from 320 to 330 °C. The glass features a 285 °C transformation...
Sumita Optical Glass Inc.
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DIGITAL LENSES
Sunex Inc. has announced a line of miniature digital imaging lenses for use with 1.3-megapixel CCD/CMOS sensors with 3.3-µm pixels. Designed for fixed-focus operation, the DSL602 multielement...
Sunex Inc.
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OPTICAL DESIGN SOFTWARE
Lambda Research Corp. has released version 6.2 of its Oslo software for optical design and engineering, including an asymmetric bicubic spline surface property for representing X,Y data points...
Lambda Research Corp.
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1064-nm OPTICAL COMPONENTS
Alpine Research Optics' line of optical components are designed to deliver ultrahigh damage threshold and maximum pulse count lifetime when used with high-peak-power, Q-switched, 1064-nm Nd:YAG and...
Alpine Research Optics
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MOTORIZED STAGES
Prior Scientific Instruments Ltd. has expanded its line of motorized scanning stages to include models fitted with 1-mm-pitch ground drive screws for demanding imaging applications such as image...
Prior Scientific Inc.
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OPTICAL MOUNTS
High-precision mounts for large reflective optics are available from Space Optics Research Labs (SORL). Mirror cells feature orthogonal tip-tilt and height-of-optical-axis adjustment. Users can make...
SORL/Space Optics Research Labs LLC
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UV SPECTROMETER
Model 248/310G grazing incidence spectrometers operate from <1 to 310 nm with a variety of gratings and are optimal for use at <100 nm. The instruments, designed by McPherson Inc., have working...
McPHERSON
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SPECTROPHOTOMETERS
Secomam has announced an extended range of UV-VIS spectrophotometers for routine control or advanced scanning applications. The Anthelie Light and Anthelie Advanced offer 5- and 2-nm bandwidths,...
Secomam
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MODELING AND SIMULATION SOFTWARE
Comsol Inc. has launched Femlab version 2.3 for modeling and simulation in science and engineering applications. The software features solvers, including the geometric multigrid preconditioner, for...
COMSOL Inc.
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GAUGING CONTROL
The EasyGauge measurement and dimension control library from Euresys SA uses subpixel edge detection and least-squares fitting algorithms to determine the position, size and curvature of manufactured...
Euresys SA
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FO NETWORK TEST
The FTB-8000, available from Exfo Electro-Optical Engineering Inc., is a SONET/ SDH test module designed for metro and access networks with data transmission rates from 10 Gb/s to 64 kb/s. The module...
EXFO Inc.
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ILLUMINATION DESIGN
Version 3.3 of Optical Research Associates' LightTools illumination design and analysis software offers a 3-D textures function that allows the creation of repetitive texture patterns, such as bumps...
Synopsys Inc., Optical Solutions Group
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